1.
WELCO
ME
Welcome to
Half A Democracy
A 72-slide presentation on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict,
and the prospects for peace and reconciliation
based on a Two-State solution.
Optimal screen size: 1024 x 768
For a copy of this slide show, email me at diane336@hotmail.com
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2. One
million
Arabs…
“One million Arabs are not worth a Jewish fingernail”
“Blessings for whoever has saved a bullet in order to stick it in a Jew's head”
“The killing of a non-Jew is considered essentially a good deed,
and Jews should have no compunction about it”
“It is forbidden to befriend Israelis. They should be slaughtered”
“[Palestinians] are beasts walking on two legs”
“By God, we will not leave one Jew in Palestine”
: “It is forbidden to have pity on [the Arabs]. We must annihilate them”.
What can a simple man do in front of a huge fire?
3.
Wha
t can
a
sim
ple
man
do?
He could run away, leaving to their fate the others who cannot flee or have nowhere
to go. He could also stand and whine, sit and level accusations. Or he could fill the
teaspoon in his hand with water, time and time again, and pour it on the flames.
These days any person of peace must draw water, in his teaspoon at least, and pour it
on the fire: he must raise his voice, demonstrate, argue, work for a rational compromise.
The teaspoon in the simple man's hands is very small and the fire is very big.
Nonetheless...
Amos Oz,
Israeli author
Introduction
In April 2002, the Glasgow University Media Group reported (at http://www.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4394251-103552,00.html)
the results of a study it had conducted on the subject of UK TV news coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict during the early
4. INTRODUCTION
weeks of the Al-Aqsa Intifada (Sept-Oct 2000). The study found
that BBC and ITN news scored high on images of fighting and
violence, but low on explanations about underlying causes. The Glasgow group went on to survey 385 people who identified TV
news as their primary source of information about the conflict. Their replies showed that they had absorbed the "main" message of
the news, i.e. violence and tragedy. But, not surprisingly, most of them had little understanding of the reasons for the conflict, of its
origins in the events of 1948 and 1967, and of the key issues needing to be resolved in a negotiated peace. For example:
On Refugees - Eighty per cent of those surveyed did not know where the Palestinian refugees had come from
and how they had become refugees.
On The Occupation – Many people did not understand that the Palestinians were subject to a military occupation;
seventy-one per cent did not know that it was the Israelis who were occupying the Occupied Territories.
On Settlements - Only 9% knew that the settlers were Israeli. There were actually more people (11%) who
believed that the Palestinians were occupying the territories and that the settlers were Palestinian.
The survey also found that, in the absence of any discussion of origins and causes, news reports often portrayed the conflict as
“normal” life randomly punctuated by inexplicable, unmotivated acts of Palestinian violence. ITN and BBC News oscillated between
this view of events (which is also the view of the Israeli government), and the view that violence was perpetrated by both sides in a
fatalistic "cycle" of "tit-for-tat" killings. The Palestinian view, that the violence is a symptom arising out of an illegal and violent
occupation, was not represented at all.
This slide show is not a history of the Arab-Israeli conflict, but a collection of evocative quotes and images that illustrate the reality of
the Occupation and show the importance of ending it if there is ever to be a just peace between Palestinians and Israelis. It is
designed to show that the daily violence in Israel and the Occupied Territories is neither inexplicable nor nihilistic, nor a manifestation
of some amorphous enemy in our War On Terror. Instead, it is rooted in the specific issues of Palestinian displacement and
dispossession (since 1948), and the military occupation and creeping annexation of the remaining Palestinian Territories (since 1967).
These are specific political issues for which a practical political resolution already exists, in the form of a just and even-handed twostate solution. The United States - the one party to this conflict with the greatest power to bring about fundamental change –
ostensibly supports the two-state solution for Israel/Palestine as a goal of its foreign policy, but apparently lacks the political will to
unreservedly commit itself to brokering a genuinely just and lasting peace. In short, we still want to take sides. An informed
populace might press our politicians for change but, as the Glasgow Media Group’s survey suggests, the western TV News media is
helping to create a populace that is far from informed.
This slide show was created out of the belief that there is a Palestinian narrative, and a pro-peace narrative, that we in the West do
not routinely hear. Welcome to Half A Democracy.
The Occupation
If any occupation lasts too long,
or is not carefully watched from the start,
one party becomes slaves and the other masters.
History teaches, too,
that almost every military occupation
breeds new wars of the future.
Gen. Douglas MacArthur,
"Reminiscences."
5.
PA
RT
I:
THE
OC
CU
PAT
ION
6. We have to admit…
We have to admit that not all of the people who criticize the way Israel has dealt
with the Palestinians are anti-Semites. We have to recognize that not all who side with
the Palestinians in their conflict against Israel do so because they dislike Jews.
A nation as powerful as Israel has to accept responsibility for its policies and for its actions.
It is not American Jewish criticism that has created sympathy for the Palestinians.
It is the suppression of millions of Palestinians over thirty-five years that has done it.
Rabbi Ben-Zion Gold,
Harvard Hillel
7. Without a
permit from us
What I discovered [in the peace negotiations] was that a West Bank Palestinian could not
build, work, study, purchase land, grow produce, start a business, take a walk at night,
enter Israel, go abroad, or visit his family in Gaza or Jordan without a permit from us.
About one third of the Palestinian population had been detained or imprisoned by Israel.
And the whole population had been grossly humiliated by us.
Uri Savir,
Israeli peace negotiator, former
Director General of the Israeli Foreign Office
8. A
partial
democrac
y
Once Israel became an occupying
state, it ceased to be a democracy.
Just as there is no such thing as a
partial pregnancy, there is no such
thing as a partial democracy, either.
It is impossible to be both occupiers
and democrats; there is no such thing
as enlightened exploiters and racists.
Those are unresolvable contradictions,
flagrant oxymorons.
Gideon Levy,
Israeli journalist
9. My son Arik
My son Arik was murdered when he was a soldier by Palestinian fighters.
He was not murdered because he was Jewish, but because he is part of the
nation that occupies the territory of another.
I know these are concepts that are unpalatable, but I must voice them
loud and clear, because they come from my heart – the heart of a father
whose son did not get to live because his people were blinded with power.
Yitzhak Frankenthal,
Chairman of the Israeli-Palestinian Families Forum
10
.
D
o
mi
na
tio
n
thr
ou
gh
vi
ol
en
ce
Our problem in the state of Israel is not to liberate the Palestinians,
but to liberate the Israelis from this accursed domination through violence.
Yeshayahu Leibowitz,
Professor of Science and Philosophy,
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
11. PART II: INTERNATIONAL LAW
International Law
Israel must recognize the concept of limits - political, legal, moral and territorial –
and must decide to join the community of nations by accepting
the terms of international law and the will of the international community.
No amount of circumlocution or self-deception can alter that fact.
Security can never be obtained through the acquisition of other people's territory,
and geography is not the criterion for security.
Opening remarks to the 1991 Madrid Conference,
by Dr Haidar Abdel-Shafi,
Senior Palestinian Delegate
12. Double Standards
One issue that must be fiercely debated and championed by the peace movement is the
double standards that are dictating global politics. We are made to believe that in the
present crisis Iraq is the most flagrant violator of United Nations resolutions. We are told
that the presence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq constitutes a threat to the
security of the Middle East region, and if exported, a threat to the world in general.
The powerful may want to whitewash the truth, but the world remembers.
We remember countless UN resolutions that bind or urge the international community
to allow for justice and peace for the people of Palestine, that have gone unheeded.
And we remember that although the centrepiece of the argument for war against
Iraq today, namely UN Resolution 687, explicitly states the objective of establishing
a nuclear weapons-free zone in the Middle East, there are those in the region with
weapons of mass destruction who are not being asked to disarm.
There can be no excuse for this hypocrisy.
For as long as the Middle East peace process is denied an honest broker,
and for as long as the Palestinian people remain without a homeland,
the urgency of war or even conflict resolution anywhere else in the world will be questioned.
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi,
Malaysian Deputy PM,
16 Feb 2003
13.
Resolution
242
United Nations Security Council Resolution 242
of 22 November 1967
The Security Council, emphasizing the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war
and the need to work for a just and lasting peace in which every State in the area can live in security,
affirms that the fulfilment of Charter principles requires the establishment of a just and lasting peace
in the Middle East which should include the application of both the following principles:
(i) Withdrawal of Israel’s armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict;
(ii) Termination of all claims or states of belligerency and respect for and
acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence
of every State in the area and their right to live in peace.
14.
Resoluti
on 194
United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194
of 11 December 1948
The General Assembly, having considered further the situation in Palestine,
Resolves that the refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with
their neighbours should be permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date,
and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return…
15. Where had they gone?
I am a proud Israeli. I won't let anyone say I am not from here - including the Palestinians.
I am exactly what my father wanted me to be: a native. He wanted me to grow like a tree from the soil of the land.
He wanted me to be a natural part of the landscape. And he just may have succeeded: I am a native son.
But this is a country in which there were always Arabs. This is a country in which the Arabs are the landscape,
the natives. In my eyes, without Arabs this is a barren land.
What comes to mind in particular are those Shabbats when Dad would go on outings with me in the
[Palestinian] villages around Jerusalem. He was a tour guide and a high priest of knowing the land.
He would take me into Malha and Beit Mazmil and Ein Karem and Saris and Deir al Hawa.
So their way of life was not foreign to me; it was part of me.
But in April 1948, I was on King George Street in Jerusalem when [the Jewish underground] held its victory
parade through the center of the city with trucks carrying the survivors of [the] Deir Yassin [massacre].
When I think about it today it is terrible, but at the time it didn't seem terrible. And again, in 1949, when I
reaped the harvest in fields belonging to Palestinians as part of a work camp of the youth movement,
that didn't seem terrible, either. Their tragedy simply did not penetrate my consciousness.
It was only in 1955, when I was a student and we were carrying out a survey for the Geological Institute, for which
we examined abandoned Arab wells after the rain, that I arrived in a village near Beit Guvrin and it suddenly hit me.
Because the whole village was still standing, it was perfectly whole. Only it had no people.
For the first time, I asked myself where these people were, where had they gone.
Yet even that was a passing moment. It didn't shatter my consciousness. That happened only in 1967,
when I met all those people who said they were from Malha, from Saris, from Deir al Hawa.
Suddenly I said to myself, here they are. Here they are.
And all that old geography suddenly hit me: The whole geography of the tragedy came rushing back.
So today I live their tragedy, even though I perhaps caused it.
Meron Benvenisti,
Israeli author & politician
16. The Geneva Convention…
The Fourth Geneva Convention -For the protection of “those who, at a given moment and in any manner whatsoever…
find themselves in the hands of an Occupying Power of which they are not nationals.”
The Fourth Geneva Convention applies to the West Bank, to the Gaza Strip, and to the entire City of
Jerusalem, in order to protect the Palestinians living there. The Palestinian people living in this
Palestinian Land are "protected persons" within the meaning of the Fourth Geneva Convention. All
of their rights are sacred under international law.
There are 149 substantive articles of the Fourth Geneva Convention that protect the rights of every
one of these Palestinians living in occupied Palestine. The Israeli Government is currently violating,
and has since 1967 been violating, almost each and every one of these sacred rights of the Palestinian
People recognized by the Fourth Geneva Convention. As matters of fact and of law, the gross and
repeated violations of Palestinian rights by the Israeli army and Israeli settlers living illegally in
occupied Palestine constitute war crimes.
Francis Boyle
Professor of International Law,
University of Illinois
Protected persons who are in occupied territory shall not be deprived of the benefits of
the present Convention by any annexation of the whole or part of the occupied territory.
- IV Geneva Convention, Article 47
17. …on
annexation
The Israelis have gained time by
signing the Oslo agreement to
squeeze Palestinian inhabitants out
of East Jerusalem and into the
West Bank and elsewhere.
The technique, which they have
accelerated, is simple: rush the
building of heavily subsidized and
segregated settlements for Jews
only, while delaying the building of
housing for non-Jews and
demolishing housing already
occupied by Palestinians.
Arab East Jerusalem, home to 200,000 Palestinians.
Annexed by Israel, June 1967.
Frank Collins, The Palestinian
Land Research Committee
The Occupying Power shall not deport or transfer parts of its own civilian population
into the territory it occupies.
18. …on settlements
- IV Geneva Convention, Article 49
An underlying reason that years of U.S. diplomacy
have failed and violence in the Middle East persists
is that some Israeli leaders continue to "create facts"
by building settlements in occupied territory.
Their deliberate placement as islands or fortresses
within Palestinian areas makes the settlers vulnerable
to attack without massive military protection,
frustrates Israelis who seek peace and at the same
time prevents any Palestinian government from
enjoying effective territorial integrity.
The major issues still to be resolved remain unchanged: the final boundaries of the state of Israel, the
return of, or compensation for, Palestinians dislodged from their previous homes and the status of
Jerusalem. It seems almost inevitable that the United States will initiate new peace efforts, but it is unlikely
that real progress can be made on any of these issues as long as Israel insists on its settlement policy, illegal
under international laws that are supported by the United States and all other nations.
There are many questions as we continue to seek an end to violence in the Middle East,
but there is no way to escape the vital one: Land or peace?
U.S. Pres. James E. Carter
19. … settlements II
Three hundred and seventy thousand Israeli settlers live on occupied
Palestinian land, including East Jerusalem, and the differences in
living standards and opportunity are staggering.
One million Palestinians in Gaza live on 60% of the territory,
while 6000 Jewish settlers live on the remaining 40%.
All Palestinian borders, seaports, airports, airspace, entry, exit, and trade
are controlled by the Israelis.
Sixty-five percent of Palestinians live below the poverty line and 60% are unemployed.
Twenty-five percent of Palestinian children in the Occupied Territories are malnourished.
It is not acceptable to say that we did not know.
Alice Rothchild,
Harvard Physician, Peace Activist.
20. …on the destruction of personal property
Any destruction by the Occupying Power
of real or personal property belonging to
private persons…is prohibited, except
where such destruction is rendered
absolutely necessary by military operations.
- IV Geneva Convention, Article 53
House demolitions have become the hallmark of the Occupation.
Indeed, since 1967 Israel has demolished almost 9000 Palestinian homes,
leaving some 50,000 without shelter and traumatized.
Israel’s policy of house demolitions seeks to confine Palestinians to
small enclaves, leaving most of the land free for Israeli settlement.
The systematic demolition of Palestinian homes is an attack on an entire people,
an attempt to make the Palestinians submit to a mini-state or worse,
an "autonomous" set of islands -- under Israeli control.
The Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions
The wounded and sick, as well as the infirm, and expectant mothers,
shall be the object of particular protection and respect.
- IV Geneva Convention, Article 16
21. …on
protecting
the
vulnerabl
e
• As of 27 June 2002, there have been at least 39 documented cases of women giving birth
while blocked at military checkpoints - a humiliating and dangerous experience for the
mother and a rude passage into this world for the new-born.
Laura Wick,
Institute of Community and Public Health,
Birzeit University
• Noha al Makadama, who was nine months pregnant, was killed in her home while she was
there with her 11 children when the Israel Defense Forces demolished the adjacent building,
causing the destruction of her house as well.
Anyone who blows up a building next to a building in which there are a pregnant woman and
11 children, without warning them, is responsible for their fate.
Killing a pregnant woman under these circumstances (two boys, aged 13 and 16, were also
killed) is a terrorist attack against innocent people.
Gideon Levy
22. …on
collective
punishme
nt
No protected person may be punished for an offence he or she has not personally committed.
Reprisals against protected persons and their property are prohibited.
– IV Geneva Convention, Article 33
July 19, 2002
|
JERUSALEM (ASSOCIATED PRESS)
– ISRAELI SOLDIERS ARRESTED 16 RELATIVES OF TWO PALESTINIANS, MOHAMMED
ATTALA, 18, AND IBRAHIM NAJIE, 19, SUSPECTED IN BLOODY TERROR ATTACKS THIS
WEEK. OFFICIALS FRIDAY WERE CONSIDERING EXPELLING SOME OF THE RELATIVES TO
THE GAZA STRIP, TO DETER OTHER POTENTIAL ATTACKERS. ISRAELI SOLDIERS ALSO
DESTROYED THE ATTALA AND NAJIE FAMILIES’ HOMES, IN THE BALATA REFUGEE CAMP.
- IN A SIMILAR OPERATION IN THE ASKAR REFUGEE CAMP, SOLDIERS DESTROYED THE
FAMILY HOME OF A LEADER OF THE AL AQSA MARTYRS BRIGADES, ALI AJOURI, 23,
BADLY DAMAGING SEVERAL NEARBY HOUSES. RANYA AJOURI, A RELATIVE OF ALI, SAID,
"WE HAVE NO RELATION TO ALI’S ACTIVITIES. EVERYONE SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR
HIS OWN BEHAVIOR."
23. …on humane treatment
Protected persons are entitled, in all circumstances, to respect for their persons…
They shall at all times be humanely treated, and shall be protected especially
against all acts of violence or threats thereof and against insults and public curiosity.
- IV Geneva Convention, Article 27
No physical or moral coercion shall be exercised against protected persons,
in particular to obtain information from them or from third parties.
- IV Geneva Convention, Article 31
24. …on
torture
• One of our main concerns in Israel and the Occupied Territories has been the practice of systematic torture and illtreatment, which includes methods such as hooding, sleep deprivation, prolonged standing or sitting in painful positions,
confinement in cupboard-sized rooms, exposure to continuous raucous sound and violent shaking. These measures, which
the Israeli authorities have termed "moderate physical force" have led to deaths and severe injuries. In May 1997, the
United Nations Committee Against Torture, the expert body which examines states' implementation of the UN Convention
against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment, explicitly stated that these measures constituted
torture.
Amnesty International USA, Human Rights in the Middle East
• 'Abd al-Samad Harizat, a 30-year-old computer expert from Hebron, was arrested around midnight on 21 April 1995 and
fell into a coma soon after 4pm on 22 April; he died on 25 April without regaining consciousness. Physicians for Human
Rights sent an expert, Professor Derrick Pounder, to observe the autopsy, carried out by two Israeli forensic pathologists.
The autopsy found that 'Abd al-Samad Harizat had died from ''violent shaking'' which had caused a sub-dural haemorrhage
within the skull. Pressure from the lawyer of the Harizat family later obtained information about his interrogation: he had
been shaken 12 times between 4.45am and 4.10pm, 10 times by holding his clothes and twice by holding his shoulders.
“There is no doubt whatsoever about the cause of death; it's very clear he has died from unnatural causes, and that he has
died from torture”, said Professor Pounder.
Amnesty International,
Human Rights in Israel and the Occupied Territories, 1 September 1998
Any destruction by the Occupying Power of
real or personal property belonging …to the
State, or to other public authorities, or to social
or cooperative organizations, is prohibited,
except where such destruction is rendered
absolutely necessary by military operations.
- IV Geneva Convention, Article 53
25. …on the
destruction of state
property
Let's not deceive ourselves; this was not a mission to search and destroy the
terrorist infrastructure. There was a decision made to vandalize the civic,
administrative, cultural infrastructure developed by Palestinian society.
It's so easy and comforting to think of the entire Palestinian society as primitive,
bloodthirsty terrorists, after the raw material and product of their intellectual,
cultural, social and economic activity has been destroyed.
That way, the Israeli public can continue to be deceived into believing that
terror is a genetic problem and not a sociological and political mutation,
horrific as it may be, derived from the horrors of the occupation.
Amira Hass (Israeli journalist)
On Israel’s “Operation Defensive Shield”, Mar-Apr 2002
In accordance with their obligations under international humanitarian law to protect
the civilian population in armed conflicts, States Parties shall take all feasible measures
to ensure protection and care of children who are affected by an armed conflict.
- The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 38.4
Sniper: “They forbid us to shoot at children”.
Journalist: “How do they say this?”
Sniper: “You don’t shoot a child who is 12 or younger”.
Journalist: “That is, a child of 12 or older is allowed?”
Sniper: “Twelve and up is allowed. He’s not a child anymore,
he’s already after his bar mitzvah. Something like that”.
Journalist: “Thirteen is bar mitzvah age”.
Sniper: “Twelve and up, you’re allowed to shoot. That’s what they tell us”.
Journalist: “Under international law, a child is defined as
someone up to the age of 18.”
Sniper: “Up until 18 is a child?”
Journalist: “So, according to the IDF, it is 12?”
Sniper: “According to what the IDF says to its soldiers.
I don’t know if this is what the IDF says to the media.”
Excerpt from an interview between Israeli journalist, Amira Hass, and an
IDF (Israeli Army) sniper for the 20 November, 2000, edition of Ha’aretz newspaper
26. The rights
of the child
27. PART III: MAKING WAR
Making War
28. Nothing
justifies the killing
Nothing justifies the killing of one Israeli or one Palestinian.
I say that from the depths of my heart.
We have an obligation to stop this.
Saeb Erekat,
Palestinian Chief Negotiator
29. Bread and Circuses
The Palestinians want self-rule. Whoever wants to "vanquish" them, then offer them
bread and circuses, understands nothing. The Israeli army is stronger than ever,
our secret services are excellent; then why is the problem not resolved?
Reoccupying the Palestinian Authority lands, and killing Arafat, what would that change?
Anyone who equates Arafat with Bin Laden understands neither Arafat nor Bin Laden.
Bin Laden is the guru of a very harmful sect, but one that is very marginal to Islam.
If he is killed, his sect may disappear with him.
If we kill Arafat, the Palestinian people will continue to want its independence.
Those who want “victory” want an unending war.
Ami Ayalon, former head of
Israeli Internal Security (Shin Bet)
…as of 9 Sept 2003
We, reserve combat officers and soldiers of the Israel Defense Forces, … who have always served in the front lines,
and who were the first to carry out any mission, light or heavy, in order to protect the State of Israel… Who have
served all over the Occupied Territories, and were issued commands and directives that had nothing to do with the
security of our country, and that had the sole purpose of perpetuating our control over the Palestinian people.
We, whose eyes have seen the bloody toll this Occupation exacts from both sides…We, who understand now that
the price of Occupation is the loss of the IDF’s human character and the corruption of the entire Israeli society.
We, who know that the Territories are not Israel, and that all settlements are bound to be evacuated in the end.
We hereby declare that we shall not continue to fight this War of the Settlements. We shall not continue to fight
beyond the 1967 borders in order to dominate, expel, starve and humiliate an entire people.
We hereby declare that we shall continue serving in the Israel Defense Forces in any mission that serves Israel’s
defense. The missions of occupation and oppression do not serve this purpose – and we shall take no part in them.
30. Courage to
refuse
The “Courage to Refuse” Combatants’ Letter
It is unrealistic to demand a cessation of terrorist attacks before Israel withdraws.
This will never happen.
31. Cessation of terror
Until there is a final status agreement, we will continue to experience terror, by both sides.
The lessons of South Africa and Northern Ireland show that until agreement is signed
and even for a while after agreement is signed, there is terror,
since there are groups that reject any compromise and will continue to try to block peace.
If you condition a political breakthrough on ending terrorism, you encourage terrorism,
you do not end it.
Professor Menachem Klein,
Senior Scholar at the Jerusalem Institute for Israeli Studies,
Professor at Bar Ilan University.
32. “First, stop
the terror”
Most of the [Israeli] Jewish public is not interested in examining the question of whether there is something
illogical about Israeli policies. That Israeli majority is not ready to listen to hints that perhaps the military
policies prevent, in the short term, some of the attacks and destroy the infrastructure, but in the long run
create hundreds more volunteers for the unofficial Palestinian armies, and increase the danger of terrorism.
It refuses to see the connection between the renewal of the conflict in September 2000, and the Israeli
consolidation of its control over the territories all through the Oslo years.
Most of the Israeli public insists on accepting the position that "first they stop the terror and then we'll start
negotiations." Get ready, therefore, for the next record wave of terror.
Amira Hass, Israeli journalist
We say the Palestinians behave like “madmen”.
It is not madness, but a bottomless despair.
Ami Ayalon
33. A bottomless
despair
Stop thinking of wars, of security, of this and that.
Give people hope.
Revive hope in the minds of your [Palestinian] neighbors.
This is the shortest way to peace and security.
Saeb Erekat
34. Trying to keep
count
We are still trying to count, and to remember them as individuals,
but with so many dead, it’s hard to keep track.
You wish you could remember them all, but you can't.
But we’re making an effort, because to lose count is to lose one’s humanity.
Yossi Sarid,
Member of the Knesset,
Former Israeli Minister of Education
35.
PART
IV: MAKING
PEACE
Making Peace
We, the people of Palestine, hereby offer the Israelis an alternative path
to peace and security: Abandon mutual fear and mistrust, approach us
as equals within a two-state solution, and let us work for the development
and prosperity of our region based on mutual benefit and well-being.
Opening remarks to the 1991 Madrid Conference,
by Dr Haidar Abdel-Shafi,
Senior Palestinian Delegate
36. There is
an
alternative
I was 12 years old when the occupation came to my home town.
I was writing graffiti on the walls and throwing stones and cutting wires.
At that time, nobody in my neighborhood told me that there was any alternative.
Today we are trying to tell the Palestinians that there is an alternative called peace.
It is fragile. It sounds desperate, like wishful thinking.
But there is an alternative, and it is called peace.
Saeb Erekat
Innocent civilians are dying, killed on both sides nearly every day.
37. Peace between 2
states
They are dying not because there is no way of resolving the crisis, but, on the contrary,
they are dying precisely because a way exists and is known very well by all.
Every Israeli in the street knows what the solution is, just as every Palestinian knows it:
peace between two states, established by the partition of the land
roughly in accordance with demographic realities based on Israel's pre-1967 borders.
Even those who loathe this future already know, deep in their hearts, that all this is inevitable.
Amos Oz
38. Palestinian
concessions
The Palestinians made their principal concessions at the beginning of the Oslo process.
They agreed to abandon armed struggle against Israel and recognize a Jewish state
occupying about 78 percent of their historic homeland of Palestine.
In exchange, they expected that Israel would recognize a Palestinian state
in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and acknowledge
some measure of responsibility for the Palestinian refugees.
However, Israel refused, with support from the US, to codify any of these Palestinian
expectations in any agreement signed by the two parties at Oslo or subsequently.
Joel Beinin,
Professor of Middle East History,
Stanford University.
Israel’s “Generous Offer”: Palestine on 95% of the West Bank
39. The
“Generous
Offer”
The failure of the Palestinian-Israeli-American summit at Camp David
did not surprise most Palestinians. [Going into the negotiations,] Israeli
Prime Minister Ehud Barak loudly announced that Israel would not
return to its pre-1967 war borders. He sought to annex to Israel
settlement blocs containing about 80 percent of the Jewish settlers in
the West Bank. Like every Israeli leader since 1967, Barak demanded
that the Palestinians accept all of Jerusalem as Israel's “eternal capital.”
And Barak insisted that Israel would accept no moral or legal
responsibility for the creation of the Palestinian refugee problem.
In essence, Barak demanded that the Palestinians give their blessing to
Israel's many violations of the Fourth Geneva Convention and dozens
of UN resolutions since 1967 - most notably the confiscation of land
for civilian purposes, settling civilians in occupied territories, the
unilateral and internationally unrecognized annexation of East
Jerusalem and the installation of some 175,000 Jewish settlers there.
Israel's failure to come to terms with its own history and that of the Palestinians,
and its inability to accept the principle that two peoples have equal rights to the land they
jointly inhabit, presaged the failure of the Camp David summit.
Prof. Joel Beinin
40. A
Swisscheese
state
We have a country and we're only asking for a small part of it back where we can come together
again as a people. We don't want a toothless Swiss-cheese state that is controlled and patrolled
by settlers and soldiers armed to the teeth. We do not want to keep being forced to make
concessions that translate into eternal apartheid, where we are not much more than a cheap
labor force living in ghettos or dealt with as a "demographic threat."
We want Israel to get out of what little remains of Palestine, namely all the occupied
territories (22% of Palestine) and leave us alone. We want autonomy and independence.
We want our heritage preserved and our dignity restored.
Susan Abulhawa, freelance writer,
Media Monitors Network.
“Palestine” as delineated by Israel’s proposed Separation Wall.
41.
“Palestine”
inside the
Wall
The euphoria and goodwill in the immediate
aftermath of Oslo showed it is possible
to get majority Palestinian support for a
compromise that accepts that 70 per cent of
their erstwhile homeland will remain lost –
as long as there is hope of real independence
and some dignity within the remainder.
Any diplomatic interventions today that
pretend the former is possible without
the latter, are doomed to failure.
Gerd Nonnemann,
Reader in International Relations, Lancaster University,
Associate Fellow, Royal Institute of International Affairs.
42. The majority
understands
Today it seems that a majority of Israelis understand that they must give up
the territories, with adjustments that the Palestinians are willing to accept;
the Palestinians understand that they must give up the right of return;
and both sides understand that Jerusalem must be the capital of both nations.
Gen. Shaul Arieli,
Israeli peace negotiator
43. Returning to
sanity
Not all the Palestinians are the same, and not all of us [Israelis] are the same.
When we return to sanity, we will sit down with the pragmatic Palestinian camp
and reach agreements on a final settlement, in the spirit of Oslo and on the basis of
the Clinton framework, because just as it was in 1937, 1947 and 1993,
that is the only way to achieve our national aspirations
and to save the two peoples from the chasm they are approaching.
Yossi Beilin, former
Member of the Knesset
and Israeli Minister of Justice
44. PART V: THE HONEST BROKER
The United States
These complex problems [between Israelis and Palestinians] would have been
solved many years ago but for the fact that the US built up Israel as a
predominant military and economic power to be used as a battering ram against
the Arab states which possessed the world's largest oil resources.
Israel is over there to do our dirty work for us. They are our aircraft carrier over there,
our jumping-off point, to keep the region under control, to keep the oil resources close…
So I don't think that we are in Israel's pocket. They're in our pocket.
We have the power to tell them what to do but people are going to have to start
to get organized, to exercise that power to produce peace.
Francis Boyle
Professor of International Law,
University of Illinois
45. Favorite
nation
A passionate attachment of one nation for another produces a variety of evils,
because it leads to concessions to the favorite nation of privileges denied to others;
which is apt doubly to injure the nation making the concession, both by unnecessarily
parting with what ought to have been retained, and by exciting jealousy, ill-will
and a disposition to retaliate, in the parties from whom equal privileges are withheld.
It gives to ambitious, corrupted, or deluded citizens the facility to betray
or sacrifice the interest of their own country without odium, sometimes even
with popularity. Real patriots who may resist the intrigues of the favorite are
liable to become suspected and odious, while its tools and dupes usurp the
applause and confidence of the people to surrender their interests.
Pres. George Washington,
Farewell address to the Union.
46. Tough love
The need to challenge U.S. support of the Israeli occupation is more important
than ever. Not only has it led to enormous suffering among the Palestinians
and other Arabs, ultimately it hurts the long-term interests of both Israel and
the United States, as increasingly militant and extremist elements arise out
of the Arab and Islamic world in reaction.
Ultimately, there is no contradiction between support for Israel and support
for Palestine, for Israeli security and Palestinian rights are not mutually exclusive
but mutually dependent on each other. U.S. support of the Israeli government
has repeatedly sabotaged the efforts of peace activists in Israel to change Israeli
policy, which the late Israeli General and Knesset member Matti Peled
referred to as pushing Israel "toward a posture of calloused intransigence."
Perhaps the best kind of support the United States can give Israel is that
of “tough love” – unconditional support for Israel's right to live in peace and
security within its internationally recognized border, but an equally clear
determination to end the occupation. This is the challenge for those who
take seriously such basic values as freedom, democracy, and the rule of law.
Stephen Zunes,
Associate Professor of Politics,
University of San Francisco.
The key to peace in the Middle East is in Washington,
not Jerusalem. It is our government that empowers the
Israeli government to defy international law and human
decency. The Israelis wouldn't last six months without
American backing, and they know that.
The old canard that the Israelis and Palestinians
must settle their differences themselves is just an
Israeli-dictated ploy to make sure nobody interferes
with their treatment of the Palestinians. It's the same
as if the police told a child rape victim, "Go work it
out with your rapist."
The Palestinian people do not deserve what is happening to them. They do not have the power to stop the
Israelis from occupying their land. Our president and our Congress do. But they are afraid of the Israeli
lobby. Therefore, if WE do not give the American politicians some backbone by letting them know
Americans are tired of being accessories to Israeli aggression, their misery will be unending.
There is no longer any neutral ground for people with an ounce of morality left in them. One way or
another, we will all have to choose. With every Palestinian death a little bit of our own souls will die as
long as we do nothing. The most damned will be those in Washington who let their own fears and lust for
the comfortable position condemn a whole people to a hellish existence, when all along they had the power
to relieve them with simply a frown and a stern word.
47. Washington, not
Jerusalem
Charley Reese, US journalist
and political commentator
How can we foster peace between Israelis and Palestinians?
First I would ask the following question: Is it in our Jewish self-interest to guarantee
our long term survival as a community by staking so much on US patronage,
as opposed to working for a more democratic and demilitarized Middle East,
or for greater economic and political integration of Israel into the region?
Let us focus on getting a better understanding of US support.
One-third of all US foreign aid goes towards aid to Israel. This amounts to annually
$2 billion in military aid, $840 million in economic, and $2 billion in loan guarantees.
Most Arab countries are also very dependent on the US, economically, politically, and
militarily. We have to ask, whose interests are served by maintaining a region in
a perpetual state of war and how is the US complicit?
These discussions force us to re-examine the role of the US military-industrial
complex in world affairs. I suggest we look back at what we have learned from
the US roles in Vietnam and in Central and South America and ask:
Who has benefited from US arms and support?
Alice Rothchild
48. A perpetual
state of war
49. I helped kill
a Palestinian
today
I helped kill a Palestinian today.
If you pay taxes to the U.S. government, so did you.
And unless the policies of the U.S. government change, tomorrow will be no different.
Robert Jensen, Professor of Journalism
at the University of Texas at Austin
U.S. aid to Israel, 1949 -1997
$134,791,507,200
50. US aid to
Israel
The Israeli government is the largest recipient of US financial aid in the world, receiving over one-third
of total US aid to foreign countries, even though Israel’s population comprises just .001% of the world’s
population and has one the world’s higher per capita incomes. Since 1949 the US has given Israel [as of 1
November 1997] a total of $84,854,827,200. The interest costs born by US taxpayers on behalf of Israel
are $49,937,000,000 – making the total amount of aid given to Israel since 1949 more than $134 billion.
What is not widely known, however, is that most of this aid violates American laws:
- The US Arms Export Control Act strictly forbids the government from giving military assistance
to any country that violates internationally recognized human rights.
- The US Foreign Assistance Act prohibits military and economic aid to any country that engages
in a “consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human rights.”
- The Proxmire Amendment bans military assistance to any government that refuses to sign the
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and to allow inspection of its nuclear facilities, which Israel
refuses to do.
The US government has eroded its own credibility as an impartial mediator by continuing to arm Israel
without restriction and allowing these weapons to be used against civilian populations in violation of US law.
(Multiple Sources, see Acknowledgements)
To date [1998], Israel has transferred well over 140,000 Jewish settlers into settlements
throughout the occupied territories. These are 100 percent segregated communities,
built with taxes from a country where housing discrimination is illegal.
El-Hajj Mauri' Saalakhan
51.
Segr
egat
ed
hous
ing
The bypass road between Bethlehem and the Gilo settlement.
A “Jewish only” road, paid for with American tax dollars.
52. “Payback time”
When Mr. Bush decided to attack Iraq, he was surprised to find all the Arab leaders saying
that they won't support [it] as long as the United States continues to allow the Israelis to
trample on the rights of the Palestinians. We are in the beginning of payback time for our
hypocritical policy of exempting Israel from every one of the ideals that we laboriously preach:
Self-determination is a must for Albanians in Kosovo - not for Palestinians.
Refugees have a right to return or receive compensation - but not Palestinian refugees.
Countries must obey U.N. Security Council resolutions – but not Israel,
which sits in defiance of more than 60.
Countries that routinely violate human rights deserve sanctions - except Israel.
Countries that assassinate political enemies are state sponsors of terrorism - but not Israel.
Countries must not use American-donated weapons for offensive purposes - except for Israel.
People who commit war crimes must be put on trial - unless they are Israelis.
I could go on and on, for the sins against the Palestinians are practically endless.
Americans are about to learn a basic truth:
We can avoid reality, but we cannot avoid the consequences of avoiding reality.
Charley Reese, US journalist
and political commentator
Reconciliation
53. PART VI:
RECONCILIATI
ON
54. Peace
declaration
We, the undersigned Israelis and Palestinians, meeting today in the most difficult of
circumstances for both our peoples, come together to call for an end to bloodshed, an end
to occupation, an urgent return to negotiations and the realization of peace between our
peoples. We hereby raise our voices and implore all people of goodwill to return to sanity,
to re-discover compassion, humanity, and critical judgment and to reject the unbearable
ease of the descent into fear, hatred, and calls for revenge.
In spite of everything we still believe in the humanity of the other side, that we have a partner
for peace and that a negotiated solution to the conflict between our peoples is possible. We
must move urgently to rebuild our partnership, to end the de-humanization of the other, and
to revive the option of a just peace that holds out promise for our respective futures. The way
forward lies in international legitimacy and the implementation of UN Resolutions 242 and
338 leading to a 2-state solution based on the 1967 borders, Israel and Palestine living side-byside, with their respective capitals in Jerusalem.
We see it as our duty to work together and each of us in their own communities, to put a halt
to the deterioration in our relations, to rebuild trust, belief and the hope for peace.
Joint Israeli-Palestinian Declaration of 26 July 2001, signed by one hundred intellectuals, politicians,
business people, professionals and political activists. On the Palestinian side, these included
government ministers (Yasser Abed Rabbo, Nabil Amr, Hisham Abdul-Razek) and intellectuals (Hanan
Ashrawi, Sari Nuseibeh, Salim Tamari). Signatories on the Israeli side included Yossi Beilin, Minister of
Justice in the Barak government, and prominent writers (Amos Oz, A B Yehoshua, David Grossman).
55. Demonisation and
dehumanisation
Endless demonisation and dehumanisation of the "other",
enjoyable as they may be in their simplicity,
are of very limited value as tools for building a better future.
Saeb Erekat
56. The other side’s
leadership
Decrying the irrelevance of the other side's leadership, and bemoaning
the lack of a partner until someone more aesthetically pleasing comes along,
are exercises in avoiding decision-making.
The respective elected, legitimate leaders are the partners for negotiations;
the respective peace camps are the people who have to prepare the ground.
Yossi Beilin
57. Effective cooperation
Perhaps because of the emerging urgency of the demographic reality
and the knowledge that even walls cannot prevent occupational hazards from trickling over,
a large number of people within and outside the Israeli territories are finally beginning
to understand the occupation as a cultural calamity for the occupier as well as the world.
We must reach out to these people.
In the end, South Africa was saved through effective co-operation.
In the end, Palestine will be too.
Mohsen Al Attar Ahmed, Attorney
I don't care if you are pro-Israeli or pro-Palestinian.
I care if you are pro-Peace or anti-Peace...that is all.
Pro-Israeli or pro-Palestinian, that is not the mentality of the future.
Saeb Erekat
I am on the 'side' of Israelis and Palestinians who seek a just peace
that addresses Palestinian rights of self-determination
as well as Israeli concerns of security and regional integration.
I am on the 'side' that stands for equality, human rights, democracy,
peaceful co-existence and regional development.
58. Refuse to
be enemies
Jeff Halper, Coordinator of the Israeli
Committee Against House Demolitions,
Professor at Ben-Gurion University
59. The border
At the age of about six, I once asked [Gabriel Stern,
a family friend] what a border was. His reply was to
take me on a field trip along the barbed-wire fences,
the landmine fields and the row of boarded-up
houses that divided Jerusalem. We could see a
Jordanian soldier on the Old City walls in the
distance, armed with a rifle and binoculars. He
observed us as we watched him. “No”, said
Gabriel, “a border is not the line that separates the
good guys from the bad guys. There are good guys
on the other side of the border too, but they don’t
know there are good guys on our side, and that is
why there is war”.
As professional writers most of us believe in the power of words to create a better, more just society, to diminish the
wrongs and the violence. Life in a society that is not being conducted in a manner that seems right to us, acts of
wrongdoing, and sometimes even real war crimes perpetuated in our name arouse in us the need to at least leave behind a
testimony that we were against it. In our vanity, we naturally believe that future generations will read our work and it is
important to us that they know: We were the good guys on this side of the border.
Gabriel Stern believed [his] voice would reach beyond the border, and that when people over there heard there were good
guys on this side too, perhaps the danger of war would be minimized. Sometimes I look back on that charming
childhood illusion that the good Gabriel bequeathed to me, and I thank him for it.
Tom Segev, Israeli author.
Nations have pride and sensitivities.
I hope to God that, one day, the Israelis will be able to hear the word "Palestinians"
and not have it insinuate bad things, threats, emergencies.
Maybe that will come one day.
Saeb Erekat
60. “Palestinians”
“Palestinians”
61. A humanitarian gesture
31 JULY 2003 | GAZA
- A DEAD PALESTINIAN BOY SAVED THE LIVES
OF FOUR ISRAELI CHILDREN, AFTER HIS
MOTHER DONATED HIS ORGANS IN A
HUMANITARIAN GESTURE TOWARDS ISRAELIS.
WALEED AOUDA FELL OFF HIS HOUSE IN THE
VICINITY OF NABLUS 10 DAYS AGO. HE WAS
RUSHED TO A NEARBY HOSPITAL, WHOSE
MODEST MEDICAL CAPABILITIES WERE NOT
ENOUGH TO SAVE HIS LIFE. THE 11-YEAROLD BOY WAS THEN REFERRED TO SCHNEIDER
CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL IN THE ISRAELI CITY
OF PETAH TIKVA, WHERE HE DIED ON
TUESDAY, 29 JULY.
MOHAMED SHUKRI, A FAMILY MEMBER, SAID
THAT THE DECISION TO DONATE “WAS TAKEN
FOR HUMANITARIAN REASONS, TO SAVE THE
LIVES OF CHILDREN AND BRING HAPPINESS TO
THEIR FAMILIES”.
“IT IS A MESSAGE TO THE ISRAELI
COMMUNITY; WE ARE PEACE LOVERS, AND NOT
WAR MONGERS”, ADDED SHUKRI.
We will win the cultural battle only if we continue to see the humanity of our
enemy, and if we preserve the moral aspect of our cause. As long as we rise
above the [racism and dehumanization] we have been exposed to, and never
subject others to them, we’ll never be psychologically defeated.
If something good has to come out of the dark years of occupation, it should
be a great sense of justice, a commitment to our nation that has suffered
decades of oppression and discrimination. Resistance has multiple faces, and
maybe the most attractive of all is our working to enhance the Palestinian grassroots level. By empowering our people and being kind, forgiving and caring
about one another, we can undermine the occupation.
We are a nation of unarmed civilians and although a nuclear power like Israel can
surely win the military battle, and kill most of us, no military power can destroy
our love, pride and dignity. We might lose a hundred battles, but as long as we
maintain the morality of our struggle, we are the genuine winners of this war.
The Israelis might assassinate thousands of our people, and imprison the rest of
us in the hope that we will give up our “Palestinian-ness”, but their strategies will
62.
backfire, and more importantly, they will reinforce our determination to survive“We
can
and to teach our children not to sell their rights or settle for less.
neve
r
lose
”
The future of Palestine lies in what the Palestinians sustain of their rich culture. Just sustaining our culture is not enough,
however. We have to challenge all the death and destruction around us, and give the world the best of ourselves: our arts, our
poetry, our kindness and loyalty, our goodness, our intelligence, and our ability to regenerate ourselves after each blow because
of the strength that lies in our passion for our homeland. The Palestinians should not live in isolation. We have to
communicate with the outside to show the world who we really are. Maybe, we will not manage to bring Palestine back to the
world’s atlas in my lifetime, but Palestine will live in our songs, our blue pottery and red embroidery, and that will prove to
those who deny us that we truly are a living nation.
“We Can Never Lose” by Dr. Samah Jabr
63. Expiation
I am not a psychologist, but I think
that everyone who lives with the
contradictions of Zionism condemns
himself to protracted madness.
It's impossible to live like this.
It's impossible to live with such
a tremendous wrong.
It's impossible to live with such
conflicting moral criteria.
When I see not only the settlements and the occupation and the suppression, but now also the insane
wall that the Israelis are trying to hide behind, I have to conclude that there is something very deep
here in our attitude to the indigenous people of this land that drives us out of our minds.
There is something genetic here that doesn't allow us truly to recognize the Palestinians, doesn't allow
us to make peace with them. And that something has to do with the fact that even before the return
of the land and the houses and the money, the settlers' first act of expiation toward the natives of this
land must be to restore to them their dignity, their memory, their justness.
Haim Hanegbi
Israeli journalist & peace activist
64. One day…
One day when the peace treaty is achieved, and the Palestinian ambassador
presents his credentials to the president of Israel in the Western section of Jerusalem,
while the Israeli ambassador presents his to the Palestinian president in East Jerusalem,
we shall all have to laugh at the stupidities of our past.
Even as we laugh, we shall have to answer for the spilling of so much innocent blood.
But the mothers and fathers of the dead will not be laughing.
Amos Oz
65. What can a simple man do?
What can a simple man do in front of a huge fire?
He could run away, leaving to their fate the others
who cannot flee or have nowhere to go.
He could also stand and whine, sit and level accusations.
Or he could fill the teaspoon in his hand with water,
time and time again, and pour it on the flames.
These days any person of peace must draw water,
in his teaspoon at least, and pour it on the fire:
he must raise his voice, demonstrate, argue, work for a rational compromise.
The teaspoon in the simple man's hands is very small and the fire is very big.
Nonetheless...
The following are just a few of the organizations campaigning for an end to the Occupation, or working to
alleviate the circumstances of those living under it. They would welcome your support:
66. Do
something
!
The Refuser Solidarity Network supports Israelis who refuse to
perform military service which supports the Occupation: including
reservists who will not serve in the Occupied Territories, and men
and women conscripts who refuse to serve at all in the IDF
because of their opposition to Occupation.
Support Sanity is an independent public
campaign devoted to building mass support for
an evenhanded two-state solution to the IsraelPalestine conflict, and affirming the common
humanity of both Palestinians and Israelis.
The Palestine Children's Welfare Fund
seeks to improve healthcare and
educational opportunities for Palestinian
children by donating medical supplies and
educational materials to hospitals and
schools in Palestinian refugee camps.
Gush Shalom is an Israeli peace organization whose
primary aim is to influence Israeli public opinion and
lead it towards peace and conciliation with the
Palestinian people, based on the principles of an end
to occupation and a two-state solution.
Not In My Name is a Jewish peace group
that works for a just and lasting peace
between Israelis and Palestinians,
beginning the ending of Israel’s
occupation of the West Bank, Gaza Strip
and East Jerusalem.
The International Solidarity Movement is a
Palestinian-led movement of Palestinian and
International activists working to raise awareness of
the struggle for Palestinian freedom and an end to
Israeli occupation. It uses nonviolent, direct-action
methods of resistance to confront and challenge
illegal Israeli occupation forces and policies.
Playgrounds for Palestine is a not-for-profit
organization dedicated to building playgrounds
and recreation areas for Palestinian children
living under military occupation.
The Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions is a non-violent,
direct-action group originally established to oppose the demolition of
Palestinian houses in the Occupied Territories, and now additionally
involved in resisting land expropriation, settlement expansion, bypass road construction, policies of "closure" and “separation”, the
wholesale uprooting of fruit and olive trees and more.
Jews Against the Occupation is an organization of progressive,
secular and religious Jews of all ages throughout the New York City
area advocating peace through justice for Palestine and Israel.
The US Campaign to End the Israeli Occupation is a
coalition working to inform, educate, and mobilize the
public so as to change those U.S. policies that sustain
Israel's 35-year occupation of the Palestinian West Bank,
Gaza and East Jerusalem. It advocates respect for
international law, and equal rights for all (including the
right to exist in peace and security).
The Jewish Peace Fellowship is a nondenominational Jewish
organization which is committed to active nonviolence as a means of
resolving conflict, and which supports Jewish resistance to the arms
race worldwide, capital punishment, conscription, the Israeli
occupation, and U.S. armed interventions.
Christian Peacemaker Teams is a program of Brethren, Quaker and
Mennonite Churches and other Christians that support nonviolence.
It provides organizational support to persons committed to faithbased nonviolent alternatives in situations where lethal conflict is an
immediate reality or is supported by public policy (including a
program in Hebron on the West Bank).
Muslim Peace Fellowship a gathering of peace and justice-oriented
Muslims of all backgrounds who are dedicated to making the beauty
of Islam evident in the world.
Acknowledgements
Credits I
(links are current as of 9 September 2003):
Slide 2 One million Arabs… - The photograph is by Amit Shabi (for Reuters). Sources for the quotes are:
“One million Arabs” – by Rabbi Yaacov Perin, from the eulogy for Baruch Goldstein, perpetrator of the Hebron
massacre, reported in the New York Times p.1, 28 February 1994;
“Blessings for whoever…” – is from an address at a Gaza mosque on 3 August 2001, by Sheik Ibrahim Madhi.
Cited in "They Should Be Slaughtered" at http://www.frontpagemag.com/articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=3170;
“The killing of a non-Jew” is from Rabbi Yitzhak Ginsburg’s "Five General Religious Duties Which Lie Behind the
Act of the Saintly, Late Rabbi Baruch Goldstein, May his Blood be Avenged";
“It is forbidden…” - is from an address at a Gaza mosque on 13 October 2000, by Dr. Ahmad Abu Halabiya.
Cited in "They Should Be Slaughtered" at http://www.frontpagemag.com/articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=3170;
“…beasts walking on two legs.” – is from a speech by Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin to the Knesset,
quoted in Amnon Kapeliouk’s
“Begin and the ‘Beasts’ ”, published in the New Statesman, on June 25,1982;
“We will not leave one Jew…” – by Dr. Abdel Aziz Rantisi, from his hospital bed, after surviving an attempt at
targeted assassination 10 June 2003; reported at
http://www.palestinechronicle.com/article.php?story=2003061118032392;
“We must annihilate them.” – By Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, from a sermon given before the 2001 Passover holiday,
reported by Ha'aretz on April 12, 2001.
Slide 3 What can a simple man do…? - The quote is from Order of the Teaspoon, first published in Israeli
mass-circulation daily Yedioth Ahronoth in April 2002, reproduced in the newsletter of Americans for Peace
Now (April 22, 2002 ~ Vol. 3 Issue 39). The photograph is from www.ciai-s.net/dicembre.htm.
Slide 4 We have to admit… - Cited by Alice Rothchild in Paths to Peace in the Middle East, a talk given at the
yearly meeting of the Religious Society of Friends in August 2002.
Slide 7 …without a permit from us. - Cited by Alice Rothchild in Paths to Peace in the Middle East, a talk given
at the yearly meeting of the Religious Society of Friends in August 2002. The photo is by Lefteris Pitarakis for
the Associated Press, and is reproduced from www.merip.org/mer/mer223/ 223_hammami.html
Slide 8 … no such thing as a partial democracy – The quote is from Half a Democracy, a commentary
published in Ha’aretz on 26 January, 2003. The picture is an Associated Press photo by Nasser Shyoukhi.
Slide 9 My son Arik… - The quote is from I would have done the same, a commentary published the The
Guardian on 7 August 2002. The photo is from www.indymedia.de/images/ 2002/02/16489.jpg
Slide 10 …domination through violence. – The quote is from All Together Now, an article published in Time
Magazine (Europe edition), on 20 September 1993. The photos are from www.sis.gov.eg/online/
html2/p31020d.htm
Slide 12 …double standards… - The quote is from Keep the peace flame alight, a speech delivered by
Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi at the Peace Malaysia International
Conference in Kuala Lumpur on February 16, 2003.
Slide 13 Resolution 242 - The map is from
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/world/2001/israel_and_palestinians/key_maps/
Slide 15 …where had they gone? - The text is from Cry, the beloved two-state solution, an article by Ari Shavit
which appeared in Ha’aretz on 7 August 2003.
Slide 16 The Fourth Geneva Convention - Professor Boyle’s quote is from Israel’s Crimes Against Palestinians,
published by the Media Monitors Network at http://www.mediamonitors.net/francis7.html
Slide 17 …annexation of occupied territory… - The quote is from Israel Buys Time to Absorb East Jerusalem,
an article which appeared in the November/December 1993 issue (Page 7-16) of The Washington Report on
Middle EastAffairs, available online at http://www.washington-report.org/backissues/1193/9311007c.htm.
The picture of Jerusalem is by Richard T. Nowitz, for Corbis.
Slide 18 Land, or Peace? - The quote is from For Israel, Land or Peace, an op-ed by Jimmy Carter, which was
published in The Washington Post on 26 November 2000. The photograph of an Israeli hilltop settlement is
from www.palestinemonitor.org/
Slide 19 Three hundred and seventy thousand Israeli settlers… - Cited by Alice Rothchild in Paths to Peace in
the Middle East, a talk given at the yearly meeting of the Religious Society of Friends in August 2002. The
photograph of an Israeli hilltop settlement is from www.palestinemonitor.org/
Slide 20 If you destroy our houses… - The quotes are from the Website of the Israeli Committee Against
House Demolitions at http://www.icahd.org/eng/faq.asp?menu=9&submenu=1 and
http://www.icahd.org/eng/campaigns.asp?menu=4&submenu=2
Slide 21 - …particular protection and respect. - Quote 1 is from “Birth at the checkpoint, the home or the
hospital? - Adapting to the changing reality in Palestine” published by Redress Information & Analysis, online
at http://www.redress.btinternet.co.uk/lwick.htm. Quote 2 is from Terrorism by any other name, a
commentary published in Ha’aretz on 9 March, 2003
Credits II
Slide 22 No protected person may be punished… - The photographs are from www.palestinemonitor.org/
Slide 23 …insults and public curiosity… - The photograph is from www.muscatnet.com/~ampal/
Slide 24 …physical coercion… - The first quote is from Amnesty International USA’s Report on Human Rights in
the Middle East: Israel, the Occupied Territories and the Palestinian Authority, which can be found online at
www.amnesty-volunteer.org/usa/mideat/reports/israel.html.
The second quote is from Amnesty International’s Report on Human Rights in Israel and the Occupied
Territories (AI Index #: MDE 02/004/1998), of 1 September 1998.
Slide 25 Let’s not deceive ourselves… - The quote is taken from an article, Operation ‘Destroy the Data’,
published in Ha’aretz on 24 April 2002. The photograph of the vandalized Ramallah Municipal Offices is from
www.elca.org.dgm/story/jerusalem35.html
Slide 27 Making War - The graphic, System Error, is taken from a collection of Yossi Lemel’s poster art at
http://www.lemel.co.il/mainframe.html.
Slide 28 …nothing justifies the killing… - The quote is from an address to The Israeli & Palestinian Business
Leaders Forum, at the Center for Jewish-Arab Economic Development, on 30 January 2002. The photograph
is from www.guardian.co.uk/.../image/ 0,8543,-11004389890,00.html
Slide 29 …bread and circuses… - The quote is from an interview published in Le Monde, December 2001. The
photograph is by Alex Libak, and was published in Ha’aretz on 27 March 2002.
Slide 30 We shall not continue to fight beyond the 1967 borders … - Text and images are from the Courage to
Refuse Web site at http://www.seruv.org.il/defaultEng.asp
Slide 31 …we will continue to experience terror… - The quote is from The Origins of Intifada II and Rescuing
Peace for Israelis and Palestinians, a lecture delivered by Prof. Klein at the invitation of The Foundation for
Middle East Peace and The Middle East Institute, on 2 October 2002. A transcript can be found at the home
page of The Foundation for Middle East Peace, at www.fmep.org. The photograph is from
www.lenta.ru/mideast/ 2002/09/10/hamas/ hamas pic
Slide 32 …”first they stop the terror”… - The quote is from Amira Hass’s op-ed, Terror as a natural
phenomenon, published in Ha’aretz on 15 January 2003.
Slide 33 Quote 1 …a bottomless despair…is from an interview published in Le Monde, in December 2001.
Quote 2 Revive hope…is from an address to The Israeli & Palestinian Business Leaders Forum, at the Center
for Jewish-Arab Economic Development, on 30 January 2002. The photograph of Palestinian body bags at
Jenin is by Mike Nelson (Agence France-Presse).
Credits III
Slide 34 We are still trying to count… - The quote is from We cannot let death have dominion, a commentary
published in Ha’aretz on 9 August 2002. The photograph of the coffins outside the UN Headquarters in New
York is from www.cjre.org/bereavedfamilies.htm
Slide 36 …there is an alternative… - The quote is taken from an address to The Israeli & Palestinian Business
Leaders Forum, at the Center for Jewish-Arab Economic Development, on 30 January 2002. The photo is from
the home page of the Israeli peace group, Gush Shalom, at www.gush-shalom.org/media/pics/index.html.
Slide 37 Innocent civilians are dying… - The quote is taken from Two Stubborn Men, and Many Dead, a New
York Times op-ed published on 12 March 2002. The photo is from www.jewishworldreview.com/ 0602/gilo.asp
Slide 38 The Palestinians made their principal concessions – The quote is from Middle East Report Press
Information Note 26, Camp David II, of July 26, 2000.htm. The photograph is from www.palestinefacts.org/
pf_1991to_now_oslo_war.php
Slide 39 Israel’s generous offer… - The quote is from Middle East Report Press Information Note 26, Camp
David II, of July 26, 2000.htm. The photo is from the home page of the Israeli peace group, Gush Shalom, at
www.gush-shalom.org/media/pics/index.html, which has an excellent map of Israel for comparison (showing
how a Jewish homeland might look on 95% of Israel proper).
Slide 40 …a toothless Swiss-cheese state… - The quote is from Every Aspect Of Israeli Rule In Practice Works
To Oppress And Dehumanize Us, published by the Media Monitors Network at
http://www.mediamonitors.net/susan16.html. The cartoon is from the home page of the Israeli peace group,
Gush Shalom, at www.gush-shalom.org/media/pics/index.html.
Slide 41 …the immediate aftermath of Oslo… – The quote is from The roots of Palestinian despair, published
in The Observer on 14 April 2002. The map is from Ran HaCohen’s The Apartheid Wall at
http://www.antiwar.com/hacohen/h052103.html
Slide 42 …a majority of Israelis understand that they must give up the territories… - The quote is from They
just can’t hear each other (Arieli breaks his silence), an article by Akiva Eldar published in Ha’aretz on 12
March, 2003. The map is from
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/world/2001/israel_and_palestinians/key_maps/
Slide 43 …When we return to sanity… - The quote is from Back to a coalition of pragmatism, an op-ed
published in Ha’aretz on 9 August 2002. The photo is from the City of Homs, Syria Web site, at
www.homsonline.com.
Slide 44 The United States – The quote is from “The Al Aqsa Intifada and International Law”,a talk delivered
by Professor Boyle at Illinois State University, Bloomington-Normal, on November 30, 2000.
Credits IV
Slide 45 …favorite nation… – The photograph is a White House photo by Paul Morse
Slide 46 …tough love… - The quote is from “Why the U.S. supports Israel”, published by Foreign Policy in
Focus in May 2002, at http://www.fpif.org/papers/usisrael.html.
Slide 47 The key to peace in the Middle East... – The quote is from The peace process is dead, an article
which appeared in Charley Reese’s regular column in the Orlando Sentinel on 8 May 2001. The full article is
available online at http://www.palestinemonitor.org/archives/mideast_peace_process_dead.htm. The
photograph is from www.indymedia.org
Slide 48 How can we foster peace…? – The quote is from Alice Rothchild’s Paths to Peace in the Middle East, a
talk given at the yearly meeting of the Religious Society of Friends in August 2002.
Slide 49 I helped kill a Palestinian… - The quote is from “We bought and paid for carnage of Palestinians”,
originally published in the Houston Chronicle on 9 April, 2002. Available online at the author’s home page at
http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~rjensen/freelance/ikilledapalestinian.htm. The photograph of US-supplied F-15’s of
the Israeli Air Force is from www.danshistory.com/ f15page_02.html
Slide 50 …in violation of US law… - The amounts of US aid to Israel are from The Washington Report on the
Middle East, December 2002, cited by The Palestine Monitor at
http://www.palestinemonitor.org/factsheet/US_Aid_to_Israel.htm; information concerning the US Foreign
Assistance Act and the Proxmire Amendment are from Matt Bowles’ “US Aid: The Lifeblood of The
Occupation”, available at the Web site of The Washington Report on Middle Eastern Affairs at
http://www.wrmea.com/html/usaidtoisrael0001.htm; information regarding the US Arms Export Control Act is
from “5 Reasons to Stop US Military Aid to Israel”, prepared by the Stop Us Aid to Israel campaign, at
http://www.stop-us-military-aid-to-israel.net/more_resources.htm.
Slide 51 …segregated housing… - The quote is from "Five Mistakes of US Policymakers in the Muslim World,"
published in the March 1999 edition of The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs. The photograph and
accompanying caption are from faculty.fullerton.edu/ jlovell/Palestine.htm
Slide 52 …payback time… - The quote is from Another Shot in the Foot, published on 1 April 2002 on King
Features Syndicate online at http://reese.king-online.com/Reese_20020405/index.php.
Slide 53 Reconciliation – The photograph is from
http://www.cnn.com/interactive/world/0006/Scenes.of.the.Israeli/14.fence.peace.jpg
Slide 54 We, the undersigned Israelis and Palestinians… - The full text of the declaration can be read online at
www.amin.org/old/En/eyejrs/0108/free2_060801.html.
Credits V
Slide 55 …demonisation and dehumanization… - The quote is from Keep talking, an op-ed co-authored by
Yossi Beilin and Saeb Erekat, published in The Guardian on 19 January 2002. The Arafat cartoon is from
www.brasiljudaico.com.br/ opiniao.htm; the Sharon cartoon was published in the Qatari newspaper al Watan,
on 24 July 2002.
Slide 56 …the irrelevance of the other side’s leadership… - The quote is from Keep talking, an op-ed coauthored by Yossi Beilin and Saeb Erekat, published in The Guardian on 19 January 2002.
Slide 58 …we refuse to be enemies… - Quote 1 is from an address to The Israeli & Palestinian Business
Leaders Forum, at the Center for Jewish-Arab Economic Development, on 30 January 2002. Quote 2 is cited
by Alice Rothchild in Paths to Peace in the Middle East, a talk given at the yearly meeting of the Religious
Society of Friends in August 2002. The photograph is from the Women for Peace Web site at
www.coalitionofwomen4peace.org
Slide 59 – The quote is from the foreword to The Other Israel: Voices of Refusal and Dissent, ISBN 1-56584789-X, published by The New Press, 2002. The photograph (of a Seeds of Peace reunion in Gaza) is from
http:www.teacher.scholastic.com/…/articles/ mideast_seeds.html
Slide 60 Nations have pride…- The quote is from an address to The Israeli & Palestinian Business Leaders
Forum, at the Center for Jewish-Arab Economic Development, on 30 January 2002. The photo of Palestinian
children is from the City of Homs, Syria Web site, at www.homsonline.com.
Slide 61 A dead Palestinian boy… - The quote and photographs are taken from Palestinian boy saves lives of
four Israelis, a news item by Samer Khuwayera published on 31 July 2003 at http://www.islamonline.net/English/News/2003-07/31/article06.shtml
Slide 62 “We can never lose” - The text is taken from “We can never lose”, a Commentary published in the
Palestine Times (London), in March 2002. The photograph is from www.intifada.com.
Slide 63 …the first act of expiation… - The text is from Cry, the beloved two-state solution, an article by Ari
Shavit which appeared in Ha’aretz on 7 August 2003. The graphic is from the Liberation Graphics collection of
political poster art at www.liberationgraphics.com.
Slide 64 One day when the peace treaty is achieved… - The quote is taken from Two Stubborn Men, and Many
Dead, a New York Times op-ed published on 12 March 2002.
Slide 65 What can a simple man do…? – The quote is from Order of the Teaspoon, first published in Israeli
mass-circulation daily Yedioth Ahronoth in April 2002, reproduced in the newsletter of Americans for Peace
Now (April 22, 2002 ~ Vol. 3 Issue 39)
Credits VI