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Culture and Socialization > Culture Worlds
Culture Worlds
• Subcultures
• Countercultures
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Culture and Socialization > Culture Worlds
Subcultures
• Subcultures incorporate large parts of the broader cultures of which they are part;
in specifics they may differ radically.
• The study of subcultures often consists of the study of symbolism attached to
clothing, music, and other visible affectations by members of
subcultures.Sociologists also study the ways in which these same symbols are
interpreted by members of the dominant culture.
• Cultural appropriation is the process by which businesses often seek to capitalize
on the subversive allure of subcultures in search of "cool," which remains valuable
in the selling of any product.
Trekkies
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Culture and Socialization > Culture Worlds
Countercultures
• Examples of countercultures in the U.S. could include the hippie movement of the
1960s, the green movement, polygamists, and feminist groups.
• A counterculture is a subculture with the addition that some of its beliefs, values,
or norms challenge or even contradict those of the main culture of which it is part.
• Countercultures run counter to dominant cultures and the social mainstream of
the day.
Hippies at an Anti-Vietnam Demonstration, 1967
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Appendix
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Culture and Socialization
Key terms
• counterculture Any culture whose values and lifestyles are opposed to those of the established mainstream culture, especially
to western culture.
• cultural appropriation Cultural appropriation is the adoption of some specific elements of one culture by a different cultural
group.
• culture The beliefs, values, behavior, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life.
• mainstream Purchased, used, or accepted broadly rather than by a tiny fraction of a population or market; common, usual, or
conventional.
• subculture A portion of a culture distinguished from the larger society around it by its customs or other features.
• symbolism Representation of a concept through symbols or underlying meanings of objects or qualities.
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Culture and Socialization
Mean Girls cafeteria tribes
In this clip from the movie "Mean Girls," one character offers another a map to the various subcultures in the high school cafeteria.
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Culture and Socialization
Hipster with Bike
Hipsters are a subculture marked, in part, by members' unwillingness to acknowledge being members.
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Wikimedia. "Hipster with bike." CC BY http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hipster_with_bike.jpg View on Boundless.com
Culture and Socialization
Trekkies
The hand gesture meaning 'live long and prosper' has spread beyond the subculture of Star Trek fans and is often recognized in mainstream culture.
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Wikimedia. "Leonard Nimoy, 2011, ST Con-2." CC BY http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leonard_Nimoy,_2011,_ST_Con-2.jpg View on Boundless.com
Culture and Socialization
Hippies at an Anti-Vietnam Demonstration, 1967
A female demonstrator offers a flower to military police on guard at the Pentagon during an anti-Vietnam demonstration.
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Wikimedia. "Vietnamdem." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vietnamdem.jpg View on Boundless.com
Culture and Socialization
Modern-day hipsters are an example of:
A) ethnocentricity
B) counterculture
C) high culture
D) subculture
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Culture and Socialization
Modern-day hipsters are an example of:
A) ethnocentricity
B) counterculture
C) high culture
D) subculture
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Saylor OER. "Electives « Saylor.org – Free Online Courses Built by Professors." CC BY 3.0 http://www.saylor.org/majors/Electives/
Culture and Socialization
All of the following are criteria for the identification of subcultures
EXCEPT
A) Association with territory rather than property
B) Movement into non-domestic forms of belonging
C) Rejection of modern-day technology
D) Refusal of the banalities of ordinary life
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Culture and Socialization
All of the following are criteria for the identification of subcultures
EXCEPT
A) Association with territory rather than property
B) Movement into non-domestic forms of belonging
C) Rejection of modern-day technology
D) Refusal of the banalities of ordinary life
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Culture and Socialization
The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture?
A) Counterculture
B) Subculture
C) Multiculturalism
D) Afrocentricity
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Culture and Socialization
The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture?
A) Counterculture
B) Subculture
C) Multiculturalism
D) Afrocentricity
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Saylor OER. "Electives « Saylor.org – Free Online Courses Built by Professors." CC BY 3.0 http://www.saylor.org/majors/Electives/
Culture and Socialization
Which of the following is NOT commonly considered as a major
reason for the collapse of the Hippie counterculture?
A) The movement had accomplished its most popular political goals
B) Many notable counterculture figures had died
C) Many participants eventually settled into mainstream society
D) The movement became increasingly unpopular due to its lack of
patriotism
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Culture and Socialization
Which of the following is NOT commonly considered as a major
reason for the collapse of the Hippie counterculture?
A) The movement had accomplished its most popular political goals
B) Many notable counterculture figures had died
C) Many participants eventually settled into mainstream society
D) The movement became increasingly unpopular due to its lack of
patriotism
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Culture and Socialization
Attribution
• Wikipedia. "cultural appropriation." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cultural%20appropriation
• Wiktionary. "subculture." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subculture
• Wiktionary. "symbolism." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/symbolism
• Wikibooks. "Introduction to Sociology/Culture." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Culture#Subcultures_.26_Countercultures
• Wikipedia. "Subculture." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subculture
• Wikipedia. "Counterculture." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculture
• Wikibooks. "Introduction to Sociology/Culture." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Culture#Subcultures_.26_Countercultures
• Wiktionary. "counterculture." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/counterculture
• Wiktionary. "culture." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/culture
• Wiktionary. "mainstream." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mainstream
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