WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
Photo courtesy of MT Wx Training Center
Lead Safe Weatherization for
Crews and Managers
Weatherization Assistance Program Standardized Training Curriculum
September 2012
1 | WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM STANDARDIZED CURRICULUM – December 2012
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Lead-Safe Weatherization for Crews and Managers
Lead-Based Paint Overview
WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM STANDARDIZED CURRICULUM – September 2012
2 | WEATHERIZATION
ASSISTANCE PROGRAM STANDARDIZED CURRICULUM – December 2012
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Learning Objectives
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
By attending this session, participants will be able to:
• Explain what lead is.
• Explain why and when lead was used throughout history.
• Describe where lead can be found today.
• Discuss the lead paint hazards faced in Weatherization.
• Discuss compliance requirements of DOE, EPA and
OSHA.
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What is Lead?
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Pb = Latin word Plumbum.
• A heavy, durable, soft gray metal.
• Does not break down or decay with time.
• A poison if inhaled or ingested.
• Is most dangerous as dust and fumes.
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Why Was Lead Used
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Ancient Egypt – Used in sculpting and as a pigment
and binder in paints. Used in Egyptian eye makeup.
Used as roadway sealant. Knew it could be lethal.
• Ancient Greece – Used in sculpting. First to
document lead poisoning.
• Ancient Rome – Used in pipes for water systems
and to line goblets. Continued to use even though
they were aware of lead poisoning.
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Why Was Lead Used? Cont.
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Europe – Used in pipes and waterproofing roofs.
Recognized health risks of lead exposure. As early
as 1400 A.D. prohibited addition of lead to wine.
Lead-free paints available in the 1800’s.
• United States – Lead paint promoted in
advertisements even though lead poisoning was
studied and documented.
Image courtesy of the National Lead Company
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Where Can Lead be Found
Today?
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Photo courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control
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Imported pottery
Water pipes
Mini-blinds
Painted toys
Painted furniture
Craft products
Others
Image courtesy of Mike Vogel
Photo courtesy of CPSC
Photo courtesy of the Marin County Health & Human
Services
Photo courtesy of the
Cincinnati Children's Hospital
Photo courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control
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Problems with Lead
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Most problems with lead come from old paint, stains and
varnishes on buildings built before 1978.
Photo courtesy of NPS.gov
Photo courtesy of US Dept. of Justice
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Benefits of Lead in
Surface Coatings
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Lead was added to:
• Increase durability.
• Add color.
• Resist mold and mildew growth.
• Prevent corrosion of metal
surfaces.
• Help paint dry faster.
• Lead may be found in paint, stains
and even varnish.
Image courtesy of the Lead Industries Association
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Lead-Based Paint Percent by
Component – Year of Construction
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
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What is Lead-Based Paint?
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Federal Standards define lead-based paint as:
• Any paint or surface coatings that contain lead equal to or
in excess of 1.0 milligrams per square centimeter or more
than 0.5% by weight.
• Testing is the only way to determine if and how much lead
is present in a surface coating.
• Some states and localities regulate paint with lower
concentrations of lead.
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Lead Paint Hazards
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Deteriorated, flaking, or peeling lead paint.
• Lead paint surfaces accessible to infants.
• Demolition exposing lead.
• Renovation exposing lead.
Photos courtesy of Marin County Health & Human Services
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Why are Dust and Debris a
Problem?
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Lead-based paint is the primary source of leadcontaminated dust in housing.
• Lead-contaminated dust is poisonous.
• Very small amounts of lead-contaminated dust can
poison children and adults:
- Children swallow & inhale dust during ordinary play
activities.
- Adults swallow and breathe dust during work activities.
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Who is at Risk From Lead?
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Lead Dust can harm everyone. The most vulnerable
are:
• Babies.
• Young children.
• Pregnant women and their unborn babies.
• Workers.
Photos courtesy of Montana State University Extension
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Consumer Product Safety
Commission – Ban on Lead Paint
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• In 1978, the Consumer Products Safety Commission
(CPSC) banned the use of lead paint in residences,
schools, hospitals, parks, playgrounds, and other public
places; however, any home built before 1978 may
contain lead-based paint.
• Lead can still be found in all types of buildings.
• Lead is still found in paint used for industrial and
commercial purposes.
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Lead Paint Hazard in
Weatherization
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Weatherization IS Renovation
• Renovation activities (sawing, drillings, cutting,
scrapping, etc.) that disturb lead-based paint create
debris and tiny particles of dust.
• Many jobs, including Weatherization work, can expose
occupants and workers to lead dust.
• Unless protected, Weatherization workers swallow and
breathe poisonous lead dust during work activities.
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Take Home Lead Exposure
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Weatherization workers can be a
source of lead:
• Lead dust on work clothes can
contaminate cars and homes.
• Lead dust from work clothes can
be transferred to the office and
home; co-workers and family
members including children.
Photo courtesy of MT Wx Training Center
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Lead-Safe Weatherization
(LSW)
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Lead-Safe Work Practice is not new to Weatherization.
• First defined, May 10, 2001 – Weatherization Program
Notice 02-1 required LSW to be applied to pre-1978
homes.
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EPA RRP Program
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
EPA “Lead, Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP)
Program.
Effective – April 22, 2010.
• “Renovation” includes weatherization.
•Requires “Certified Renovators and Firms”
•Defines required work practices and tools.
•Requires documentation.
•Enforced by U.S. EPA and “approved states”
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DOE’s Response to RRP
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
WPN 08-6 – September 22, 2008.
• Interim LSW Guidance “When the EPA RRP is in full effect,
DOE will require as part of it’s LSW Minimum Standards
all additional requirements as outlined in the EPA RRP
April 22, 2010, published rule.”
WPN 09-6 – January 7, 2009.
• LSW – Additional Materials and Information with
“benchmark” LSW training curriculum.
WPN 10-6 – LSW Training.
WPN 11-6 – WAP H&S Matrix.
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Worker Protection - OSHA
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Even if DOE and EPA did not have rules dealing with
lead exposure to workers, implementing Lead-Safe
Weatherization, the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) is an agency of the Department of
Labor which writes and enforces rules protecting workers
on the job.
• To protect employees from lead hazards, the OSHA Lead
in Construction Standard (29 CFR 1926.62) was
developed. The standard became law on June 3, 1993.
• Weatherization agencies and crews must always comply
to OSHA worker protection standards.
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OSHA Compliance
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Personal Air Monitoring
• OSHA has established Permissible Exposure Levels
(PEL) for workers exposed to lead. These levels
must not be exceeded.
• To test for lead, air is pulled through a filter which
traps particles.
• The filter is analyzed by a laboratory to determine
the lead concentration.
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The 12 Core Elements of LSW
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Weatherization agencies and crews must be in compliance
with EPA RRP Rule, DOE LSW Standards AND OSHA
Worker Safety Rules.
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The 12 Core Elements of LSW
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
1.Training for all Weatherization workers.
2.Client notification “pre-renovation education.”
3.Pre-1978 lead testing or presume presence of lead.
4.Barriers and Signage to restrict occupant access
5.Interior and Exterior Containment.
6.PPE/respiratory protection.
7.Safe work practices/prohibited tools and methods.
8.Work-site cleanup.
9.Debris disposal
10.Work-site visual inspection.
11.Cleaning verification.
12.Documentation.
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LSW Minimum Standards
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
See Lesson 3 of this training curriculum for a review
of all Lead-Safe Weatherization (LSW) standards and
Re how LSW compares to the EPA Renovation, Repair
and Paint (RRP) Rule.
For a overview of LSW view WxTV episode
“12 Steps to Lead Safety”
at www.wxtvonline.org
Length : 45:26
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Exercise
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Exercise: Identifying common Weatherization
practices that produce a lot of dust and debris.
45 minutes
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Exercise
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
Identifying common Weatherization practices that
produce a lot of dust and debris.
Rank the work practice descriptions according to the amount of
dust and paint chips you think they make. In the table on the
next slide, under the column labeled “rank,” write:
• 1 next to the work practice that makes the most dust.
• 2 next to the work practice that makes the second most dust.
• 3 next to the work practice that makes the third most dust.
• Continue to rank until you have ranked each work practice.
Some practices may be given the same rank.
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Exercise
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
1.For the work practice(s) that you ranked #1, tell why
you think it makes the most dust and debris.
2.For the work practice(s) that you ranked last, tell
why you think it makes the least amount of dust and
debris.
3.If you actually did any of the jobs described above,
what would you do to clean up when the job was
finished?
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Points for Discussion
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
1.Does it make a difference if there is a lot or a little
lead dust generated?
2.Why should Weatherization crews be aware of the
physical condition of a home before conducting an
audit?
3.How does the amount of lead dust generated by
Weatherization activities depend upon the work
practices?
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Summary
LEAD-BASED PAINT OVERVIEW
• Lead is a heavy metal and a dangerous poison.
• Lead can be found in paint on homes, buildings, furniture,
toys, cars, bridges, etc.
• Weatherization agencies and crews must be in
compliance with EPA RRP Rule, DOE LSW Standards
AND OSHA Worker Safety Rules
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