Dietary Analysis Project
Angelia Butler
HSCI 365/Dr. Chen-Maynard
12 March 2013
IV. Part 2
a. The person I choose to do my diet analysis project on was a family friend named
Victoria Crawford. My mother and her mother are very good friends because they
worked together for a few years. They have continued to stay in touch with each
other since they both work at different school sites now. Mrs. Crawford’s
daughter, Victoria, is a female African American that is 11 years old. She was
born August 15th, 2001 and has asthma. She is a 7th grader in middle school and
hasn’t had any surgical procedures done. She dances twice a week for one hour
and does physical education at school three times a week for 70 minutes. She is an
active young lady because she only needs 60 minutes of physical activity every
day and she gets the needed amount. She currently takes one puff of Qvair twice a
day, Albuterol as needed, a multivitamin on a daily basis and also two gummies
daily of the Little Critters-Omega 3-DHA. She doesn’t drink any sort of caffeine
containing beverage or product. She is 60 inches tall and weighs only 96.5
pounds. She is considered normal for her BMI because it is 19 kg/m . At 11 years
old, she is between the 50th and 75th percentile for her BMI. She is between the
75th and 90th percentile for her weight for age and her stature for age. She doesn’t
have any weight changes in gaining or losing. She is still growing as child so she
doesn’t have a highest and lowest weight yet. She has stayed stable at 96.5 lbs.
since summer time last year. She doesn’t know her lab values but her appetite is
good. She doesn’t take any herbal or dietary supplements. She eats most of her
meals, prepared by her father, at home. She doesn’t skip meals at all and she is a
pescetarian (vegetarian that eats fish). She doesn’t have any food allergies and
doesn’t have any food intolerances. She likes cheese pizza and veggie riblets a lot
but dislikes spicy foods. She doesn’t have any cravings of the sweets, fried food,
salty foods, or any other food. However, she is a recent pescetarian so her mother
tries to make sure that she gets enough protein that is healthy to her in her daily
diet consumption.
b. Victoria’s great grandmother is a diabetic and her paternal grandmother and father
both have controlled high blood pressure. Since she is predisposed to diabetes and
high blood pressure, she should eat more beans and peas, other vegetables, fruits,
whole grains, and other foods with naturally occurring fiber. She could change her
sodium intake to below the recommended levels of <2300 mg to reduce her levels
of having high blood pressure later in life. She should continue to exercise like
does already because it will help to keep her blood glucose levels in range so she
won’t have health scares with diabetes as she gets older.
c. i. The diet analysis data of Victoria’s average day consists of about 1,733 Kcal
that she consumes with a 2,000 Kcal expenditure. She is below the needed Kcal
by 267 Kcal. She needs to gain a little weight but not much because she is almost
at 100 pounds for her 5 foot height.
ii. Victoria consumes 52.7 % of energy from carbohydrates, 18.3 % of energy
from proteins and 30.8 % of energy from total fat. Yes the percentages are
appropriate for Victoria because she either is sufficient or under in all of the
macronutrient comparisons recommended percent of energy. The only one that is
above the recommended percent of energy is fats but it’s not by too much.
Victoria is getting 32.6% of saturated fat, 30.6% of monounsaturated fat, 28.5%
of polyunsaturated fat, and 8.3% of trans fat. She is consuming an excessive
amount of saturated fat because the recommended percent is <10% energy.
Victoria isn’t having a problem with sources of fat at all. She just needs the
healthier types of fat and not the unhealthy sources of fat. I think the 2010 Dietary
Guidelines are appropriate because it will help Victoria and I to know what we
need to consume in our daily diet now and as we get older. For her simple and
complex carbohydrates she consumed 1 slice of marble cake, ½ cup of chocolate
chip ice cream, 8 oz. of fruit punch and 7 UP soda.
iii. Yes there are inadequate intakes of vitamins and minerals that Victoria needs
in order to grow properly. The nutrients that are inadequate are fiber, fluid intake,
calcium, and iron. The nutrients that are excessive are sodium, folate and vitamin
C. The sources for excess sodium are from veggie riblet, veggie nuggets, lasagna,
and cheese quesadilla. In order to increase low iron intake, Victoria would need to
consume enriched flake cereal, clams, mushrooms, cooked lentils, and cooked
spinach. In order for her to increase her intake of fortified breakfast cereal, collard
greens, milk (nonfat), and fortified tofu. In order to increase her intake of fiber,
she would need to consume more vegetables, beans, fruits and whole grains. The
consequence of having excess of sodium levels can lead to hypertension, stroke,
and heart attack. The consequence of having less fluid intake is being constipated.
The consequence of having excessive folate can make it difficult to detect vitamin
B12 deficiency. Excessive vitamin C levels can cause problems with the
gastrointestinal tract. Inadequate levels of iron causes anemia, increases iron
absorption and GI distress. Inadequate levels of calcium causes vitamin D
deficiency and issues with nerve and muscle function. Inadequate levels of fiber
will cause the body to not be able to protect against cardiovascular disease,
obesity and type 2 diabetes. Victoria takes an Omega 3-DHA supplement. I think
she needs to take it in order to reduce her chances of heart disease as she gets
older.
iv. Victoria needs to consume 26 grams of fiber per day.
2. For an average day, grains and vegetables group both have a difference of 1.5.
Fruits group has a difference of 0.17 which means that Victoria is already getting
close to her needed about. Dairy group has a 1.58 difference but the proteins are
over the recommended amount by 1.7 which means Victoria is doing very well in
the protein area. On day one, Victoria consumed 2 ounces of grains, 0.75 cup of
vegetables, 1.75 cups of fruits, 1 cup of dairy and 6.5 ounces in proteins. Day 2,
Victoria consumed 4 ounces of grains, 1.25 cups of vegetables, 2.25 cups of
fruits, 1.75 cups of dairy, and 10 ounces of protein. Day 3, Victoria consumed 7.5
ounces of grains, 1 cup of vegetable, 1.5 cups of fruits, 1.5 cups of dairy, and 5 of
proteins. The foods high in sugar was the marble cake, chocolate chip ice cream,
fruit punch and 7 UP soda. The foods high in fat are the marble cake, macaroni
and cheese, veggie riblets, lasagna, garlic bread, veggie burger, cheese quesadilla,
sweet roll, cornbread, tofu, butter, veggie nuggets, and 2% milk. I would suggest
for Victoria to have her parent(s) replace saturated and trans fats with
monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats so that it can be under the
recommended level of < 10% of the energy or 1/3 of the total fat. The foods high
in saturated fats are cheese quesadilla, veggie riblets, broccoli w/butter and salt,
chocolate chip ice cream, lasagna, macaroni and cheese, marble cake, garlic
bread, butter, 2% milk, and sweet roll. I would suggest that Victoria reduce
saturated fat by purchasing fat-free or low-fat milk, cheese and any other product
that can be fat-free or low-fat. The foods high in sodium are cheese quesadilla,
veggie riblets, cornbread, broccoli, lasagna, garlic bread, macaroni and cheese,
veggie burger, marble cake, hamburger bun, veggie nuggets, and sweet roll. I
would suggest that Victoria limit her sodium intake to be below the recommended
dietary level of <2400 mg/day.
3. She gets burns about 81% of the calories she consumes when she does physical
activities. She isn’t losing any weight at all but she is gaining weight slowly
because she has a fast metabolism and is continuing to stay active.
d. I would recommend Victoria to:
1. Limit saturated and trans fats and replace them with monounsaturated and
polyunsaturated fats.
2. Try to reduce the major food sources of saturated fat that include full-fat
cheese, pizza, grain- and ice cream and other dairy-based desserts.
3. When parents cook, replace solid fats (butter and lard) with vegetable oils rich
in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, such as corn, canola, olive, peanut,
and soybean oil.
4. Reduce saturated fat by purchasing fat-free or low-fat milk and cheese.
5. Increase grain intake to the recommended 6 oz. per day by eating more whole
grain breads.
6. Increase vegetable intake to the recommended 1 ¼ cups per day of cooked
vegetables and raw vegetables (green or romaine lettuce for salads).
7. Increase dairy intake to the recommended 3 cup(s) per day.
8. Try to limit the amount of simple carbohydrates (table sugar, products with
white flour, honey, milk, yogurt, candy, chocolate, fruit, fruit juice, cake, jam, and
soda) consumed.
9. Increase the intake of dietary fiber to the recommended level of 26 grams per
day for a child your age by eating oatmeal, cooked beans, legumes, and whole
grain breads.
10. Limit sodium intake to be below the recommended level of <2400 mg/day by
using the Nutrition Facts label to choose foods lower in sodium.
11. Increase fluid intake (water) to the recommended amount of 8 to 10 (8oz)
cups per day.
12. When parents are purchasing canned foods, such as vegetables and soups,
have them select those that are labeled “reduced sodium,” “low sodium,” or “no
salt added.”
VI. Afterthoughts
This diet analysis project of a family friend was an eye opener for me because I
see what I should be incorporating into my eating routine on a daily basis. It has
encouraged me to better myself in all that I eat through my life because whatever I eat
now will affect my body as I get older. I learned that some people get all the needed
servings in some foods groups but not all of them. Some food groups are lacking with
nutrients because we don’t pay attention to everything individually in a sense when eat.
We eat what appeals to us without actually knowing what is all in the food. I particularly
didn’t care for all the work the project consisted of and some of the confusion with the
project. I would improve the project by making sure that every form is correctly
explained on the form if there are calculations that have to be done. Other than the
confusion with a few details here and there on the forms, I enjoyed asking my family
friend about her family history and about herself. She and her mother are both pleasant
individuals to be around.