Chemistry revision
BTEC unit 1 exam
D.1Use the periodic table to recognise elements and
formulae of simple compounds.
• The zig-zag line in the table separates
the metals, on the left, from non-metals, on
the right.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Circle the following elements
Li: Lithium, Cu: Copper, Pb: Lead,
Fe: Iron, Mg: Magnesium
C: Carbon, N: Nitrogen, O: oxygen
S: sulphur
Based on if they are on the left or right
of the line, fill in your table of metals
and non metals.
Test for hydrogen and carbon dioxide
• Hydrogen - A lighted wooden splint makes a
popping sound in a test tube of hydrogen.
• Carbon dioxide - A lighted wooden splint goes
out in a test tube of carbon dioxide but this
happens with other gases, too. It is better to
bubble the test gas through limewater - calcium
hydroxide solution. Carbon dioxide turns
limewater cloudy white.
• DRAW DIAGRAMS TO REPRESENT THESE TWO TESTS
Atomic Number on the Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Symbol
11
Na
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Atomic Symbols
 Show the mass number and atomic number
 Give the symbol of the element
mass number
23 Na
sodium-23
atomic number 11
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Number of Electrons
 An atom is neutral
 The net charge is zero
 Number of protons = Number of electrons
 Atomic number = Number of electrons
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C.4 Know that atoms of a given element have
the same number of protons in the nucleus and
this number is unique to that element.
• C.10 Know that the existence
of isotopes means that some
relative atomic masses are not
whole numbers.
Isotopes
 Atoms with the same number of protons, but
different numbers of neutrons.
 Atoms of the same element (same atomic
number) with different mass numbers
Isotopes of chlorine
35Cl
37Cl
17
17
chlorine - 35
chlorine - 37
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Subatomic Particles
Particle
Symbol
Charge
Relative
Mass
0
Electron
e-
1-
Proton
p+
+
1
Neutron
n
0
1
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C.9 Know the definition of an isotope of an element, as having the
same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
 Atoms with the same number of protons, but
different numbers of neutrons.
 Atoms of the same element (same atomic
number) with different mass numbers
Isotopes of chlorine
35Cl
37Cl
17
17
chlorine - 35
chlorine - 37
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Learning Check
Naturally occurring carbon consists of three isotopes,
12C, 13C, and 14C. State the number of protons,
neutrons, and electrons in each of these carbon atoms.
12C
6
13C
6
14C
6
#p _______
_______
_______
#n _______
_______
_______
#e _______
_______
_______
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Match the words, definitions and examples
Element
A substance made from only
one type of atom
Molecule
Two or more atoms chemically
joined together
Compound
Two or more different atoms
chemically joined together
Mixture
Different elements, molecules
or compounds not chemically
joined together
C.8
• C.8 Know that elements are arranged in the
periodic table in order of increasing atomic
number, in rows called periods. Elements with
similar properties are placed in the same
vertical column – these columns are called
groups.
• Put this statement into your own words.
.
• C.12 Know rules about the filling of electron
shells (energy levels) to predict the electronic
• configuration of the first 20 elements in the
periodic table as diagrams and in the form
2.8.1.
• 2
• 8
• 8
on board.
D.8 Understand the reactions of hydrochloric acid and
sulfuric acid with metals (not group 1 metals).
• The general equation is
• metal + acid → salt + hydrogen
• It doesn't matter which metal or acid is used, we always get
hydrogen gas as well as the salt. Fill in the blanks
• Hydrochloric acid makes a chloride
• Sulphuric acid makes a sulphate
• Nitric acid makes a nitrate
• Eg. Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
)
• SELF ASSESS
• Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
• Copper + Nitric acid → Copper Nitrate + Hydrogen
• Lead + Hydrochloric acid → Lead Chloride + Hydrogen
• Lithium + Sulphuric acid → Lithium sulphate + Hydrogen
Reacting acids with carbonates
• Acids can also be neutralised by reacting them with
carbonates.
• Acid + carbonate --- salt + water + carbon dioxide
• Eg.
• Nitric acid + copper carbonate → copper nitrate
+ water
+ carbon
dioxide
Self assess
Sulphuric acid + calcium carbonate → calcium sulphate + water + carbon dioxide
Sulphuric acid + copper carbonate → copper sulphate + water + carbon dioxide
Sulphuric acid + sodium carbonate → sodium sulphate + water + carbon dioxide
Nitric acid + calcium carbonate → calcium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide
Nitric acid + copper carbonate → copper nitrate + water + carbon dioxide
Hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate → calcium chloride + water + carbon
dioxide
Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate → sodium chloride + water + carbon
dioxide
Hydrochloric acid + copper carbonate → copper chloride + water + carbon
D.3 Be able to complete word equations
for reactions in this unit.
CHEMICAL NAME
CHEMICAL FORMULA
ATOMS PRESENT
Hydrochloric aci
HCl
1, hydrogen, 1 chlorine
Nitric acid
HNO3
1 hydrogen, 1 nitrogen .
3 oxygen
Sulphuric acid
Copper oxide
CuO
Zinc oxide
ZnO
Sodium hydroxide
NaOH
Sodium carbonate
Na2CO3
Copper carbonate
CuCO3
Calcium carbonate
CaCO3
1 calcium, 1 carbon, 3 oxygen