Clonorchis
sinensis
Iman Diriye & Mikayla Hardy
INTRODUCTION
 Common
name is the oriental liver fluke or
chinese liver fluke.
 Disease caused by infection:
Clonorchiasis
 10-25 mm fluke.
 Hermaphroditic.
 They mature in the bile duct of the liver.
 They can produce 4,000 eggs per day for
6 months.
History
 Documented
in 1875 by James
McConnell
 Parasites dated back to 278 B.C. was
found in an Asian corpse from the Han
dynasty
Taxonomy









Common Name: Chinese Liver Fluke
Scientific Name: Clonorchis sinensis
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Trematoda
Order: Opisthorchiida
Family: Opisthorchiidae
Genus: Clonorchis
Species: C. sinensis
Hosts
 Definitive
host: human, pigs, and rodents.
 First Intermediate host: snail
 Second Intermediate host: specific
freshwater fish (example: Grass Carp) or
crustaceans
 Reservoir host: dogs, cats
Geographic Distribution






Found in China
Japan
Korea
Taiwan
Vietnam
Can also be found be non-endemic areas
from infected immigrants, or eating imported
uncooked freshwater fish infected by
metacercariae.
Map Of Geographic Locations
LIFE CYCLE
Morphology
Eggs
Miracidia
Sporocysts
Rediae
Cercariae
Metacercariae
Adult Fluke
Transmission
 Ingestion
of raw or improperly cooked
freshwater fish or crustaceans that
contain encysted larvae
 Food or drink contaminated with eggs
 Not transmitted directly human to human
 Infected person may pass viable eggs for
up to 30 years after initial infection
Symptoms
 Often
asymptomatic
 Fever, chills, stomach pains, digestive
problems, bile obstruction, vomiting,
enlargement of spleen and liver
 Severe infestation-Cholangioheptitis, liver
failure, cancer of bile ducts
 Small number of cases experience
Jaundice
 No host immunity after infection
Diagnosis
 Examination

of stool samples
Characteristic eggs in feces
 Elisa
Blood test
 Endoscopy
 Tissue Sample

Identify Adult Liver Flukes
Video
 Cannulation
of bile duct.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g18B2r
m78E4
Treatment
 Praziquantel-drug
of choice; increases
cellular membrane permeability resulting
in a loss of intra-cellular calcium, paralyzes
muscles of fluke.
 Albendazole-inhibits metabolism in the
fluke cells causing them to become
immobile
Prevention & Control
 Avoid
consuming raw or undercooked
freshwater fish and crustaceans
 Control snail population
 Control and eliminate night soil usage
near fish ponds.
 Avoid use of contaminated water.
Review!
 What
are the definitive, intermediate, and
reservoir hosts?
 Where do the flukes mature?
 What are some of the symptoms?
 What are some methods of diagnosis?
 What are the methods of
prevention/control?
REFERENCES







http://dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/images/ParasiteImages/AF/Clonorchiasis/Clonorchis_LifeCycle.gif
http://www.atlas.or.kr/atlas/alphabet_view.php?my_code
Name=Clonorchis%20sinensis
http://clonorchiasis.blogspot.com/
http://pioneerunion.ca.schoolwebpages.com/education/c
omponents/scrapbook/default.php?sectiondetailid=2769&l
inkid=nav-menu-container-4-13026.
http://www.stanford.edu/group/parasites/ParaSites2001/cl
onorch/ClonorchiasisWebsite.html
http://www.antimicrobe.org/history/Clonorchis%20sinensisYeh.asp
Roberts,L.Janovy, J.Foundations of Parasitology, 8th ed.
New York: McGraw-Hill,2009