Election of 1824
A Clash of Personal Ambitions
• Transition – Election of electors
• Rivals sought to embarrass each other
• First election to tabulate a popular vote
William H Crawford
John C. Calhoun
John Quincy Adams
Henry Clay
General Andrew Jackson
Adams For
President
Clay gave
Adams his
votes for
President
Clay
became
Secretary of
State
The Corrupt Bargain
Transportation Revolution
The Great Migration
•
•
•
•
•
Who should pay for improvements
The National Road
River Travel
Erie Canal
Consequences of the
Transportation Revolution
Travel by stagecoach
The Concord Stage
Dirt Road
Corduroy Road
Plank Road
Plank Road Tollbooth
MacAdamized Road
1st Macadamized Road in the USA – The Cumberland Road
The Erie Canal
The Erie Canal Grainboat
The Erie Canal Packetboat
The Administration of John
Quincy Adams
– Best prepared US President
– Personality
– Physical appearance
– Politics
• “Corrupt Bargain”
• First Annual Message to
Congress (State of the Union)
• Showed Federalist roots
John McLean
• Postmaster General
• The postal network
– Stagecoach lines
– Transportation and communication
Foreign Policy
• Pan-American Conference
– Haiti “Slave” Respresentatives?
– Mexico
– Cuba
Election of 1828
•
•
•
•
National Republicans
Democrats
Dirtiest in US History!
Personal attacks
– ADAMS – A pimp for the Russian Tsar
– JACKSON – Adulterer
– Corrupt Bargain
• Jackson Wins
• Rise of the Political Machinery
The Brand New
DEMOCRATIC PARTY
Andrew Jackson
for President
John C. Calhoun
For Vice President
The
NATIONAL REPUBLICAN PARTY
John Quincy Adams
for President
Richard Rush
For Vice President
Attacks on Jackson
Murder:
Jackson was famed for his incendiary
temper and had led a life filled with violence and
controversy. He had taken part in several duels, killing
a man in a notorious one in 1806.
Adultery:
Jackson was accused of adultery and
vilified for running off with another man’s wife. And his
wife was accused of bigamy.
Jackson had ordered 6
militiamen, who had fought in
the Battle of New Orleans,
executed for desertion.
October 18, 1828. We lay this farfamed handbill before our readers
today. We have two reasons for doing
so. Many of them have never yet
seen it-this is one reason. The other
is, that the Jacksonites call it an
infamous bill, and pronounce all its
statements false. It is neither
infamous nor false. If there be any
infamy connected with it, that infamy
should attach to General Jackson-for,
however black-however appalling this
bill may appear, it presents but an
inadequate representation of the still
blacker and still more appalling acts
of this violent and vindictive man. . .
Secretary of
State Henry
Clay sewing
Andrew
Jackson’s
mouth shut
Attacks on Adams
Elitist:
The son of founding father and second president John Adams,
began his career in public service by working as the secretary to the American
envoy to Russia when he was still a teenager. He had an illustrious career as
a diplomat, which formed the basis for his later career in politics.
Pimp
The supporters of Andrew Jackson began spreading a rumor that
Adams, while serving as American ambassador to Russia, had procured an
American girl for the sexual services of the Russian czar. The attack was no
doubt baseless, but the Jacksonians delighted in it, even calling Adams a
“pimp” and claiming that procuring women explained his great success as a
diplomat.
Spendthrift:
Adams was also attacked for having a billiard table in the
White House and allegedly charging the government for it. It was true that
Adams played billiards in the White House, but he paid for the table with his
own funds.
How the Candidates
Reacted to the Attacks
John Quincy Adams reacted by refusing to get involved with
the campaign tactics. He was so offended by what was happening that
he even refused to write in the pages of his diary from August 1828 until
after the election.
Jackson, on the other hand, was so furious about the attacks on
himself and his wife that he got more involved. He wrote to newspaper
editors giving them guidelines on how attacks should be countered and
how their own attacks should proceed.
Jackson’s Reaction
to the Jackass comments
1828
ELECTION
RESULTS
The Jackson Journal Article:
You are sitting in a restaurant in 1828 and overhear a
heated conversation in the booth next to you. The two
men are arguing about their support of the presidential
candidates. One is a Adams supporter and the other
supports Jackson.
Write the conversation.
One Full Page
1828 CAMPAIGN NEWSPAPER
You have just invested an enormous amount of money
on a printing press to publish a newspaper and must
now sell papers to the local townsfolk. The best way for
you to sell them is to support a presidential candidate in
1828 and appeal to their supporters.
1 - Select a candidate to support
2 – Choose an election issue or two and write a headline
then support it in your newspaper.
You can include images, drawings, and political
cartoons.
The Jackson Administration
Spoils System
• To the victor go the spoils
• Jackson gave cushy government
Jobs and contracts to his political
Friends and supporters
Tariff of Abominations
1827
• High tariff on imported goods
Nullification Crisis
1828
• South Carolina is angry
About the tariff and
Threatens to secede
Nullification Crisis
1828
• High tariff on imported goods
• South Carolina is angry and
Threatens to secede
• Jackson threatened to invade
• Crisis resolved by Henry Clay
(lowered the tariff)
Veto of the National Bank
1832
•McCullough v Maryland – Congress
could create a national
bank to deposit US funds
•Jackson hated the bank and Vetoed
•Federal $ moved to state banks
President Andrew Jackson killing the monster
National Bank)
(the
Peggy
Eaton
Affair
1831
The Whig
Party
1832
The
“Anti King”
Political Party
Henry Clay
INDIAN
REMOVAL
POLICY
Intolerance
To not accept the opinions or rights of a
group of people.
In the case of Indian removal, Andrew
Jackson was intolerant of the rights of the
various Indian Nations to occupy their own
lands because they were considered
savages who were in the way of progress.
Stereotype
An assumed and often wrong impression of
a group of people
In the case of Indian removal, Indians were
considered savages who were incapable of
becoming civilized.
Indian Removal Act
Law signed by President Jackson
which forced the Indian Nations to
surrender their homelands and
relocate to Indian Territory (Present
day Oklahoma)
INDIAN
TERRITORY
Circa 1830
Blackhawk
Leader of the
Sauk/Fox
Indians
banished from
Illinois and
Wisconsin
Osceola
Leader
of the
Second
Seminole
War
Sequoya
ᏎᏉᏯ
Cherokee
who created
the written
Cherokee
language
The
Cherokee
Nation
The Trail of Tears
Jackson “Hero or Villain” Essay
Assignment
You must now decide whether you believe Andrew Jackson was a hero or
villain based upon what you have learned about the Jacksonian Era..
This assignment is about your character. Imagine your character is writing
a letter to Andrew Jackson. You must explain to the resident why you
support or despise him based on the facts taught in class.
This assignment is a RAFT assignment (Role, Audience, Format, Topic) and
should be written in letter format.
Role: Your Journal character
Audience: President Andrew Jackson
Format: A letter
Topic: Explain to the President whether you think he is a hero or villain