A Remembrance (and Retrieval) of
Information Past: Finding Older
Information in CAS Databases
Jan Williams
Manager, CAS Content Products
Ida L. Copenhaver
Manager, Editorial Database Content Development
CAS
September 13, 2006
www.cas.org
A division of the American Chemical Society
“Is it new and old too? How may that
be?”
--William Shakespeare in
The Taming of the Shrew
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
The value of older information has always
been recognized by chemists
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•
•
New work is based on previous efforts
Results are reproducible
Prior art can be from any time period
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
Until recently, older information was hard to
find
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Not included in databases
Print sources not available in all organizations
Limited search capabilities
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
Information providers recognized the need for
better access to older information
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Archives for many scientific journals
Patent office websites
Earlier years of databases
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
CAS has a long term commitment to
strengthen its collection of older information
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CAOLDSM database
1907-66 records from print Chemical Abstracts™
CASM/CAplusSM Volume 0 additional records originally in other
sources
More content for post-1967 records
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
The CAS commitment to the availability of older
information began with CAOLD
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•
Database released in 1984 with basic retrieval capabilities
Enhanced in the 1990s with page images and more
bibliographic details
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
The addition of 1907-66 records from print Chemical
Abstracts to CA/CAplus was a “giant leap” in retrieval
capabilities
•
Bibliographic, abstract, and indexing details added during
1999-2003
– 3.7M bibliographic & abstract details
– STN® Page images
– 17.6M index entries
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•
Additional data elements not in print
New CAS RegistrySM Number assignment starting in 2003
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
“Is there anything in print CA that isn’t in the CAS
databases?”
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Page images not in SciFinder®/SciFinder Scholar™
Easier resolution of column fraction ambiguity in displays
Older substances in the Registration process
– Molecular formulas
– Browsing as an alternative to structure searching
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
The next step was extending access even earlier than
1907!
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Records from other information sources added to Volume 0 of
CA/CAplus
Records as early as 1840 for CASREACT® documents
Landmark papers from 1900-1912
Documents from JACS (1878-1906) and J Phys Chem (18971906), including abstracts from other journals and patents)
U.S. patents from 1900-1906 with 1890-1899 in September!
Bibliographic & abstract data from Journal of the Royal
Society of Chemistry – Transactions, 1878-1906 in
September!
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
More data elements have been added to CAS records
from 1967 - present
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Patent families
NCL, ECLA, F-Term patent classification codes
IPC patent classification codes for family members
Citations
The Lexicon and other thesauri
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
Other CAS databases have also been
strengthened with earlier data
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MARPAT®
– over 71K Markush structures published in 1961-1970 and 1978-1987
– more to be added later this year and in 2007
•
CASREACT
– reactions from three collections of journal and patent documents from
1840-1991
– biotransformation reactions from 1971-1978
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
Unique older chemical information and much more
can be retrieved in CA/CAplus
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Chemical patents and journal articles
Books and other documents
References from related fields
Plus some records you might not expect to find!
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
L9
ANSWER 7 OF 8 CAPLUS COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
AN
1919:14487 CAPLUS
DN
13:14487
OREF 13:2882b-d
ED
Entered STN: 16 Dec 2001
TI
Acetone and alcohol by fermentation
IN
Weizmann, C.
DT
Patent
LA
Unavailable
CC
10 (Organic Chemistry)
FAN.CNT 1
PATENT NO.
KIND
DATE
APPLICATION NO.
DATE
--------------------------------------------------PI
US 1315585
19190909
US
CLASS
PATENT NO.
CLASS PATENT FAMILY CLASSIFICATION CODES
-------------- ----- -----------------------------------------------US 1315585
NCL
435/151.000; 435/160.000
AB
A culture for prepn. of acetone and alc. from carbohydrate by
fermentation is prepd. by the following method: A large number of
o
o
o
IT
64-17-5, Ethyl alcohol
(manuf. of)
IT
67-64-1, Acetone
(manuf. of, by fermentation of carbohydrates)
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
L6
Full
AN
DN
OREF
TI
AU
SO
DT
LA
ANSWER 2 OF 2 CAPLUS COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
Text
1921:1537 CAPLUS
15:1537
15:281b
Engineers and public service
Hoover, Herbert
Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering (1920), 23, 1077-80
CODEN: CMENAV; ISSN: 0095-8476
Journal
Unavailable
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
L2
ANSWER 164 OF 164
CAPLUS
COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
Full Text
AN
1906:38028
CAPLUS
DN
0:38028
TI
Electric lights
IN
Edison, T. A.
SO
From: J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1(5), 179 1879.
CODEN: USXXAM
DT
Patent
LA
Unavailable
CC
1 (Apparatus)
PATENT NO.
KIND
DATE
APPLICATION NO.
DATE
---------------
----
--------
--------------------
--------
PI
US 214636
18790422
US
AB
The heat of the lamp operates an automatic device for the purpose of
relieving the intensity of the current through the incandescent
light-giving strip, by throwing a portion of the current, when the light
becomes too intense, through another circuit.
A division of the American Chemical Society
L4
ANSWER 3 OF 3
CAPLUS
COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
Full Text
AN
1910:11244
DN
4:11244
CAPLUS
OREF 4:2021f-g
ED
Entered STN:
16 Dec 2001
TI
The Possibilities of the Sweet Potato in Macon County, Ala
AU
Carver, G. W.
SO
Tuskegee Station, Bull. (1910), 17,
DT
Journal
LA
Unavailable
CC
14 (Nutrition)
AB
The preparation of sweet potatoes for the table, the average comp., the
value of sweet potatoes for feeding farm animals, and similar questions
are considered in this summary of information on the importance of the
sweet potato crop with special reference to Southern agricultural
conditions.
IT
Sweet potatoes
(possibilities in Macon Co., Ala.)
A division of the American Chemical Society
L23
ANSWER 12 OF 12
AN
1938:47953
DN
32:47953
CAPLUS
COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
CAPLUS
OREF 32:6681d-e
ED
Entered STN:
16 Dec 2001
TI
Method for separation of microorganisms from large quantities of broth
culture
AU
Salk, Jonas E.
SO
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (1938),
38, 228-30
CODEN: PSEBAA; ISSN: 0037-9727
DT
Journal
LA
Unavailable
CC
11C (Biological Chemistry: Microbiology)
AB
The method consists in the formation of a ppt. of Ca(H2PO4)2 in the broth;
this ppt. adsorbs the bacteria, settles quickly and can be removed by
o
o
o
IT
Microorganisms
(sepn. from broth culture)
A division of the American Chemical Society
L1
ANSWER 1 OF 1
AN
1917:16533
DN
11:16533
CAPLUS
COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
CAPLUS
OREF 11:3332e-g
ED
Entered STN:
16 Dec 2001
TI
The physiological and antiseptic action of flavine (with some
observations on the testing of antiseptics)
AU
Fleming, A.
SO
Lancet (1917), II, 341-5
CODEN: LANCAO; ISSN: 0140-6736
DT
Journal
CC
11H (Biological Chemistry: Pharmacology)
AB
Flavine or acriflavine strongly agglutinates human red corpuscles up to
a diln. of 1:3200.
It has a strong anticoagulant effect on human blood
o o o
IT
Antiseptics
(testing of)
IT
65589-70-0, Acriflavine
(physiol. action of)
A division of the American Chemical Society
L10
ANSWER 6 OF 13
CAPLUS
COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
AN
1906:49982
DN
0:49982
TI
Experimental-unter-suchungen uber Elektricitat. I. and II. Reihe. No. 81
AU
Faraday, Michael
SO
(1832) Publisher: (W. Engelmann, Leipzig), 96 pp.
CAPLUS
Reviewed in: J. Phys. Chem.
1.50 marks.
1(6), 373 1897
DT
Book
LA
Unavailable
CC
4 (Electrochemistry)
AB
We take pleasure in announcing the appearance of four new volumes of
Ostwald's now well known Klassiker series.
A. Wangerin edits the
Helmholtz paper, and A. J. von Oettingen the others.
annotated.
All are carefully
The little volume of Faraday will be especially welcomed in
these days of electrochemical investigation.
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
=> e priestley j/re
o o o
E5
1
PRIESTLEY J, 1767, P73, HISTORY AND PRESENT STATE OF ELECTRI
CITY/RE
E6
1
PRIESTLEY J, 1767, VXIII, P502, HISTORY AND PRESENT STATE OF
ELECTRICITY/RE
E7
5
PRIESTLEY J, 1769, THE HISTORY AND PRESENT STATE OF ELECTRIC
ITY WITH ORIGINAL EXPERIMENTS 2ND ED/RE
E8
1
PRIESTLEY J, 1770, A FAMILIAR INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY AND
PRACTISE OF PERSPECTIVE/RE
E9
1
PRIESTLEY J, 1770, INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY AND PRACTICE O
F PERSPECTIVE/RE
E10
1
PRIESTLEY J, 1770, PXV, FAMILIAR INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY
AND PRACTICE OF PERSPECTIVE/RE
E11
1
PRIESTLEY J, 1771, HISTOIRE DE L ELECTRICITE TRADUITE DE ANG
LOIS AVEC DE NOTES CRITIQUES 3RD ED/RE
E12
1
PRIESTLEY J, 1772, GESCHICHTE UND GEGENWARTIGER ZUSTAND DER
ELEKTRICITAT NEBST EIGENTHUMLICHEN VERSUCHEN NACH DER ZWEYTE
N UND VERBESSERTEN AUSGABE AUS DEM ENGLISCHEN UBERSETZT UND
MIT ANMERKUNGEN BEGL/RE
A division of the American Chemical Society
The older information in the CA/CAplus files can be
used many ways
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•
Comprehensive searches
“Needle in a haystack” searches
Retrospective or historical background
“Back to the future”
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
Citations to older CAplus records are a unique
mechanism to retrieve recent information
L10
ANSWER 12 OF 976
AN
1958:57956
DN
52:57956
CAPLUS
COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
CAPLUS
OREF 52:10459a-b
ED
Entered STN:
22 Apr 2001
TI
Food-spoilage indicator
IN
Power, Bruce W.
DT
Patent
LA
Unavailable
CC
12 (Foods)
FAN.CNT 1
PATENT NO.
KIND
DATE
APPLICATION NO.
DATE
---------------
----
--------
--------------------
--------
19580211
US 1954-437399
19540617
PI
US 2823131
AB
An aq. soln. of a nontoxic acid, such as citric or acetic acid, is placed
in a glass capsule coated with water-sol. gelatin.
The capsule is
fastened to a disk of blue litmus paper which is in turn placed on the
o o o
IT
Proteins
(Raman spectra of amino acids from)
IT
Frozen foods
(spoilage indicator for)
IT
Food
(spoilage of, indicator of)
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
The 1958 patent record has been cited by a 2002
patent
L11
AN
ED
TI
IN
PA
SO
ANSWER 1 OF 1 CAPLUS COPYRIGHT 2006 ACS on STN
2002:202524 CAPLUS
Entered STN: 19 Mar 2002
Frozen food thaw indicator and method for making the same
Al, Harshani Mubarak Dakeel
Al Harshani, Mubarak Dakeel, Kuwait
U.S., 9 pp.
CODEN: USXXAM
DT
Patent
LA
English
IC
ICM G01K011-06
INCL 116216000
FAN.CNT 1
PATENT NO.
KIND
DATE
APPLICATION NO.
DATE
--------------------------------------------------PI
US 6357383
B1
20020319
US 2000-676980
20001002
PRAI US 2000-676980
20001002
AB
A defrosting indicator for frozen foods is made from a piece of
transparent tape and a layer or multiple layers of absorbent material.
The indicator also includes a segment of a frozen ink cartridge of the
o o o
RE.CNT 9
THERE ARE 9 CITED REFERENCES AVAILABLE FOR THIS RECORD
RE
(1) Cohen; US 3844718 A 1974
(2) Cooperman; US 4163427 A 1979
(3) Fahringer; US 2852394 A 1958
(4) Johnson; US 3243303 A 1966
(5) Macdonald; US 1535536 A 1925
(6) Power; US 2823131 A 1958 CAPLUS
(7) Seiter; US 3967579 A 1976
(8) Swindells; US 4120818 A 1978
(9) Wetzold; US 4148272 A 1979
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
Let’s look at an example of how new technology combined with
of older information can lead to new insights
=> s (turbocurarine or curare) (l) (drug# or therap? or pharmac?)
24 TURBOCURARINE
2936 CURARE
824578 DRUG#
478637 THERAP?
567927 PHARMAC?
L1
580 (TURBOCURARINE OR CURARE) (L) (DRUG# OR THERAP? OR PHARMAC?)
=> s l1 and py<1967
3892786 PY<1967
L2
366 L1 AND PY<1967
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
STN’s Analyze and Tabulate highlight the leading
research organizations by year
L3
ANALYZE L2 1- CS PY:
TERM # # DOC
% DOC
------ ------ -----23
28
29
31
32
33
37
229 TERMS
CS
PY
-------------------------------------------------- ------
7
1.91
UNIV. ZURICH, SWITZ.
2
0.55
--
1959
1
0.27
--
1953
1
0.27
--
1955
1
0.27
--
1957
1
0.27
--
1958
1
0.27
--
1965
5
1.37
2
0.55
--
1948
2
0.55
--
1951
1
0.27
--
1947
5
1.37
2
0.55
--
1959
1
0.27
--
1958
1
0.27
--
1961
1
0.27
--
1964
4
1.09
2
0.55
--
1954
2
0.55
--
1957
4
1.09
2
0.55
--
1959
1
0.27
--
1955
--
1965
MERCK INST., RAHWAY, NJ
UNIV. BRAZIL, RIO DE JANEIRO
FAC. MED., PARIS
UNIV. MILAN
1
0.27
4
1.09
3
0.82
--
1958
1
0.27
--
1954
3
0.82
UNIV. MODENA, ITALY
IST. SUPER. SANITA, ROME
A division of the American Chemical Society
STN® AnaVist™ provides advanced tools for collecting and
efficiently analyzing answers from STN searches
•
When you transfer search results from STN Express® into STN
AnaVist, AnaVist provides you with
– the titles of each of the documents imported
– summary information about the documents
•
•
Next, you can start a visualization
A group of interactive charts is created:
– 1-dimensional Bar Charts
– 2-dimensional Matrix Charts
– Research Landscape
Let’s see what this tells us about curare!
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
First, we can examine the document titles and
summary
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
STN AnaVist provides an immediate view of key
relationships
Key researchers vs PY
Document titles
Key organizations
Research
landscape
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
The power of the older information in the CAS
databases enables searchers to
•
•
•
Search data not available in other electronic
resources
Go forward or backward in time to build
sophisticated, complex strategies
Make new and old technology work together
synergistically
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society
“This act is as an ancient tale new told”
--William Shakespeare in
The Life and Death of King John
13 September 2006
A division of the American Chemical Society