Welcome to SGI and
nonfiction
Vocabulary Terms: doctrine,
inherently, reputation, inferior,
unanimously
Asking Questions:
What evidence did Thurgood Marshall
use to prove that “separate but equal”
schools were not fair?
How many of the Supreme Court
justices sided with Chief Justice
Warren in finding “separate but equal”
schools to be unequal?
September 19, 2012
AIM: to explain how the body responses to foreign invaders; to
explain common malfunctions
HOMEWORK: Sex Ed Parent Letter and Workshop Flier(please
don’t fold); bring an apple for a lab experiment as discussed with
tablemates
Do Now: Tomorrow’s lab investigation requires 4 apples review
your notes about the scientific method an discuss what kind of
apples should be brought in make a reliable investigation.
READING: Pair reading pages 145-151
NOTES: The Immune System
The Immune System
How the body defenses itself
Structure
Function
Skin
Barrier protection; first line of defense; sweat and oils can
destroy pathogens
Breathing
Passages
(Respiratory
Systems)
Mucus and little hairs (cilia) that line the respiratory system
trap and remove pathogens; coughing and sneezing can
expel pathogens
Mouth and
Stomach (Digestive
Systems)
Saliva and gastric acids destroy pathogens
White Blood Cells
called phagocytes engulfs pathogens and destroys tem by
breaking them down
called lymphocytes distinguishes between different types
pathogens
Lymphocytes
T-Cells identify pathogens based on it’s antigens (markers
on pathogens) as a foreign body
B-Cells produce antibodies (proteins) that help destroy
pathogens; the antibodies binds to the antigens so the
phagocyte can recognize it and destroy it
Lymphatic System
Structure
Functions
Lymph
vessels
Bone Marrow
Closely associated with blood vessels;
carries lymph fluids throughout the body
Produces Lymphocytes: B-Cells mature
here
T-Cells mature here
Thymus
Gland
Lymph Nodes Holding areas for lymphocytes located
throughout the body connected to lymph
vessels
Spleen
Reservoir for blood; filters the blood and
lymph fluid
Inflammatory Response
• 2nd line of defense
• Triggered when pathogens slip the barriers and
start damaging cells
• Lymph fluid and white blood cells leak into nearby
tissues
• Inflammation is a result of the fluid and blood
rushing to the infected area; making area swollen
• Fever is a way of fighting infections; higher
temperature may prevent pathogens from
growing and reproducing
Immune Response
1.
2.
3.
4.
T-Cells recognize antigens on virus
Some T-Cells begin to attack virus
Other T-Cells signal B-Cells to make antibodies
Antibodies bind to antigens and cause the
viruses to stick together so the phagocyte can
engulf them
http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystem
s/immunesystem/
• Vaccine
• Antibiotics
• HIV
• Autoimmunity
AIM: to explain how the body
responses to foreign invaders; to
explain common malfunctions
HOMEWORK: Bring in INDEX
CARDS (min. 10) and colored pencils
Do Now: Read over lab investigation
Lab Investigation: What’s the purpose
of skin?
Have Out Last Night’s HW
September 20, 2012
Skin Protection
Problem: Skin is the largest organ of the
human body. All organisms have skin so
what’s the purpose of skin?
Background Research and Observations:
Watch this video about skin and make notes
about skin’s functions. View skin cells under a
microscope and illustrate what you see.
Questions/Wonderings: After viewing the video
about skin and looking at skin cells what
questions come to mind.
Inferences: Make 2-3 inferences about the
purpose of skin.
Hypothesis: Answer the question what is the
purpose of skin? Use an if…then statement.
Skin Protection Procedures
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Read over the entire procedure to see how you will treat each of the four fresh apples.
Wash your hands with hand sanitizer. Then gently wash the four fresh apples with water and dry them carefully
with paper towels.
Label four plastic bags: 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Place one apple into plastic bag 1 and seal the bag.
Insert a toothpick into the rotting apple and then withdraw it. Then lightly rub the second apple with the toothpick
without breaking the skin. Repeat three times.
Place second apple in plastic bag 2 and seal the bag.
Insert a toothpick into the rotting apple and then withdraw it. Then gently scratch the skin of the third apple with
the toothpick you want to pierce the skin. Repeat three times.
Place third apple in plastic bag 3 and seal the bag.
Insert a toothpick into the rotting apple and then withdraw it. Then gently scratch the skin of the 4th apple with
the toothpick you want to pierce the skin. Repeat three times.
Carefully open alcohol wipe and then rub it gingerly along the apple where you made the scratches.
Place fourth apple in plastic bag 4 and seal the bag.
Write a prediction about the changes you expect to see in each apple.
Store the bags in a warm, dark place.
Every day for one week, remove the apples from their storage place and observe them without opening the
bags.
Record your observations and return the bags to their storage place.
Observations/Data Table
Date
Apple 1
No contact with
decay
Sept. 20
Sept. 21
Color
Marks
Texture
Smell
Apple 2
Apple 3
Contact with decay Contact with
skin unbroken
decay, punctured
skin
Apple 4
Contact with
decay, treated with
alcohol
AIM: to explain how the body
responses to foreign invaders; to
describe structures and functions of
the immune system
HOMEWORK: 1 minute quiz
Do Now: Record observations about
your team’s apples
Classwork: The Immune System
Flashcards
Stack Up Last Night’s HW
September 21, 2012
AIM: to explain how the body
responses to foreign invaders; to
describe structures and functions of
the immune system
HOMEWORK: 1 minute quiz
Do Now: Record observations about
your team’s apples
Classwork: MRSA, the Superbug
Stack Up Last Night’s HW
September 24, 2012
AIM: to define the role of
hormones in the body; to
explain common malfunctions
HOMEWORK: 1 minute quiz
DO NOW: Record apple
observations
READING: Pair reading pages
216-220 using SQ3R
NOTES: The Endocrine
System
September 25, 2012
AIM: to define the role of hormones in the body; to explain
common characteristics of puberty
HOMEWORK: Puberty 101 Discussion with parents
DO NOW: On a green post it write down ways we should talk
about sex in school
On a blue post it write down ways we should not speak about
sex in school
READING: Pair reading and summarize
NOTES: Puberty Venn Diagram
October 3, 2011
AIM: to define the role of hormones in the body; to explain
common characteristics of puberty
HOMEWORK: Complete your pamphlet with color.
DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your
tablemate.
READING: Create a pamphlet for the 5th and 6th graders and
their parents
EXIT SLIP: Puberty Quiz
October 4, 2011
Create a pamphlet about Puberty
Target Audience: 5th and 6th graders and parents.
Content:
1.Define puberty
2.Describe physical changes
3.Describe emotional changes
4.Distinguish between boys and girls
5.Discuss menstruation
Visuals/Graphics
Include images/drawings and diagrams that are appropriate for the
age group.
Scoring: 10pts for definition
20pts for physical changes
20pts for emotional changes
20pts for distinguishing
between boys and girls
20pts for menstruation
10pts for visual representation
AIM: to define procreation and describe developmental
process from fertilized egg to infant
HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of pregnancy
DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your
tablemate.
NOTES: Human Reproduction
October 6, 2011
AIM: to describe the structures and functions of the female
reproductive system
HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of ova (paste in Notes
sections of your notebook)
DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your
tablemate.
NOTES: Human Reproductive System
October 6, 2011
AIM: to define procreation and describe developmental
process from fertilized egg to infant
HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of pregnancy
DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your
tablemate.
NOTES: Human Reproduction
October 7, 2011
AIM: to describe the structures and functions of the male
reproductive system
HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of sperm (paste in Notes
sections of your notebook)
DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your
tablemate.
NOTES: Human Reproductive System
Stack up homework
October 5, 2011
The Endocrine System
Produces chemicals that control many of the
body’s daily activities; regulates long-term
changes such as growth and development
Structure
Functions
Hypothalamus
•gland linking nervous and endocrine
systems; controls sleep, hunger, and
basic processes through nerve
messages
•produces hormones that control the
pituitary gland
•maintains homeostasis
Pituitary Gland
•controls other endocrine glands and
organs
•regulates growth, blood pressure and
water balance
Thymus Gland
•produces hormones that help the
immune system develop during
childhood
Adrenal Glands
•release hormones like adrenaline
which triggers body’s response to
emergency situation
Thyroid Glands
controls the release of energy from food
molecules inside cells
Parathyroid Glands
regulate amount of calcium in blood
Pancreas
produces hormones-insulin and
glucagon- to control glucose levels
Ovaries
releases female sex hormones like
estrogen which control puberty and
production of ova
Testes
releases sex hormone-testosterone,
which controls puberty in males and
regulates sperm production
http://www.brainpop.com/health/bo
dysystems/endocrinesystem/
Hormones
• Chemicals produced in the endocrine system
• Turn on, turn off, speed up, or slow down the
activities of organs
• Travel through the blood
• Nerve impulse triggers release of hormone
• Target cells are cells that recognize the
hormone’s chemical structure
Negative Feedback
Puberty Physical Changes
Female
• 9-14 years old
• Pituitary Gland signals
ovaries to release the
hormone: estrogen
• growth hormones stimulate
growth of body
• pubic and underarm hair
• Weight gain about the hips,
curvier body, development
of breast
• Menstruation begins
• Acne
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Male
10-17 years old
Pituitary Gland signals
testes to release the
hormone: testosterone
growth hormones stimulate
growth of body, widening of
shoulders, stronger muscles
Deeper voice
pubic and underarm hair
Spontaneous erections
Acne
Welcome to SGI
Review SSAT Pre-test
What are the opportunities this test can open up?
Next steps
http://knowhow2go.org/freshmen_ready.php
http://vimeo.com/7968857