Unit 8
Unification, Imperialism, Society, and Culture (Up To WWI)
Documents selected for instruction may include but are not limited to:
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Textbook and Primary Sources
Kagan, The Western Heritage. Ch: 23, 24, 25, 26
Giuseppe Mazzini, “The Duties of Man”
Rudyard Kipling, The White Man’s Burden”
Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species and The Descent of Man”
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, “The Communist Manifesto”
Emmeline Pankhurst, “Why We Are Militant”
Pope Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors”
Secondary Sources
DocPkt – 3 Marxism
DocPkt – 4 Nietzsche
Visual Sources
• Imperialism Glorified – George Harcourt
• American Imperialism Asia: Independence Day 1899
• Imperialism North Africa
• The Hatch Family: The Upper Middle Class – Eastman Johnson
• Lunch Hour: The Working Class – Kathe Kollwitz
• The Stages of a Worker’s Life – Leon Frederic
Unit Focus
 The unification of Italy and Germany
 The shift from empire to republic in France
 The emergence of a dual monarchy in Austria-Hungary
 Reforms in Russia, including the emancipation of the serfs
 The emergence of Great Britain as the exemplary liberal state and its confrontation with Irish nationalist
 The transformation of European life by the Second Industrial Revolution
 Urban sanitation, housing reform, and the redesign of cities
 The condition of women in late 19th century Europe and the rise of political feminism
 The development of labor politics and socialism in Europe to the outbreak of WWI
 Industrialization and political unrest in Russia
 The dominance of science in the thought of the second half of the 19th century
 The conflict between church and state over education
 Effect of modernism, psychoanalysis, and the revolution in physics on intellectual life
 Racism and resurgence of anti-Semitism
 Late 19th century and early 20th century developments in feminism
 The economic, cultural, and strategic factors behind Europe’s New Imperialism in late 19th and early 20th century
 Formation of alliances and the search for strategic advantage among Europe’s powers
Name: ______________________ Hour: ____ AP European History – Mr. W.B. Brooks
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Assignment Title
Kagan Chapter(s) – Readings & Multiple Choice Questions
Vocabulary & Review Questions
Marxism
Nietzsche’s Writings
Who’s At Fault – Document Analysis and Discussion
Victorian Newspaper
Unit Reading Journal (Completed By 3rd Day of Unit)
Reading Groups (Done In Class On Day Before Unit Exam)
Reading Quiz (Only Over Textbook Chapters)
Unit Summative / Exam (MC, FRQ, DBQ – Possible Formats)
Due
Date
Points
Possible
Second Semester Unit VIII: Imperialism, WWI, & Russian Revolution Calendar
Reading: Text, WWI Documents, Von Laue Article
Day
Date
Topic of the Day
Imperialism & WWI
Imperialism PPT/Belgian Congo Case Study HW: Read WWI Docs for Monday
WWI –Who’s at Fault? Document Analysis & Discussion
WWI
Versailles
Russian Revolution
Russian Revolution
Russian Revolution
Lenin Footage
The Stalin Era—PPT and Chart
Review
Test
AP European History: 2nd Semester Unit II: Imperialism, WWI, & Russian Revolution
Enduring Understandings
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New Imperialism had many political and economic motives.
New Imperialism differed in many ways from 16th century imperialism.
Although the immediate cause of WWI was the shooting of the Archduke, nationalism, militarism, imperialism, and alliance
systems were important underlying causes.
4. Military technology changed considerably during WWI.
5. Although the Treaty of Versailles ended WWI, flaws in the treaty set the stage for the coming of WWII.
6. The Russian Revolution was the culmination of many centuries of oppression and poverty of the peasant class.
7. A variety of social, economic, and political problems caused the Russian Revolution.
8. There were two revolutions in 1917—the first led by Kerensky and the second led by Lenin.
9. The Russian Revolution had significant and long-range effects for the entire world.
10. The Russian Revolution provided the world with its first experiment in the use of Marxism.
11. Marxism, Leninism, and Stalinism differed from one another in some significant ways.
Essential Questions
1.
What motives formed the basis of European expansion in the late 19 th century?
2.
What were the major Balkan crises which preceded the outbreak of WWI? How did each bring Europe closer to war, and why
was each settled short of war?
3.
What is Pan-Slavism? Discuss the Russian role in the Pan-Slavic movement prior to WWI. How did Pan-Slavism affect
Russian foreign policy and Russia’s actions in 1914?
4.
How did WWI and the ensuing peace treaties change the political structure of Europe and the European economy?
5.
What strengths and weaknesses characterized the Treaty of Versailles?
6.
How did new military technology change warfare beginning with WWI?
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How did the carnage of WWI change the philosophical consciousness of Europeans?
8.
Who is responsible for WWI?
9.
What were the causes of the Russian Revolution?
10. Why did the first Russian Revolution of 1917 fail to achieve its objectives?
11. Why was the second Russian Revolution of 1917 a Marxist revolution?
12. How did the Russian Revolution affect the other European powers?
13. How did Marxism, Leninism, and Stalinism differ?
Second Semester Unit II: The Victorian Era Calendar
Reading: Text
Day
Date
Topic of the Day
Victorian Life PPT
Assign “To Tell the Truth” Personalities—due on Monday
Assign Victorian Newspaper Project—due on 2/14 (time in library to work on it tomorrow and Friday)
Victorian Life PPT
Library—Work on Newspapers and “To Tell the Truth”
Library—Work on Newspapers and “To Tell the Truth”
Victorian People—“To Tell the Truth”
Investigation of the Illustrated London News
Work on Newspaper Projects
“English Reforms” Info & Reform Chart (Homework, if not finished)
Western Tradition Series — “A New Public”
Victorian Personalities Quiz
Impressionism PPT
Excerpts from: Art of the Western World--Impressionism
Newspapers Due—Presentations
Newspapers Due—Presentations
Unit II Exam—Essential Questions Due
In-class DBQ
AP European History: 2nd Semester Unit II: The Victorian Era
Enduring Understandings
1. The second industrial revolution differed greatly from the first industrial revolution in terms of living & working
conditions, political control, and production.
2. The second industrial revolution reorganized capital in Europe and transformed Western European methods of
investment and distribution, creating far-reaching social and political impacts.
3. Growing political power of the working class in England led to the growth of the labor movement and the demands
for greater reform.
4. Late 19th and early 20th century discoveries in the sciences once again shattered the traditional view of the world,
causing citizens to question their political, social, economic, and religious beliefs.
5. Anti-Semitism was a continuing problem in Europe, tearing apart the Third French Republic.
6. The images portrayed by the Victorian media often ignored the problems of society.
Essential Questions
1. What important social, political, and economic effects emerged as a result of the 2 nd industrial revolution?
2. How did economic changes of the late 19th century establish the conditions for the economic disaster of the
1930’s?
3. What impact did the second industrial revolution have on the demographic structure of Europe?
4. What were some of the social and political issues affecting women in the late 19th and early 20th centuries AND
how did reformers confront these issues? What new directions did feminism take? How did the second industrial
revolution change opportunities for women?
5. How did the growing self-consciousness of European labor manifest itself from 1871-1914?
6. What were the implications of 19th and 20th century developments in biology and psychology?
7. Was the Victorian media liberal or conservative? Explain how you know and what causes the media usually
supported.
8. How did scientific and religious writings challenge the Victorian status quo?
Assignment #3
Sources:
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Document packet: "Marxism."
Questions:
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How did the new laws of thermodynamics challenge the old Newtonian view of the universe?
Identify some of the new developments in chemistry and biology in the mid- to late19c. What were the practical outcomes of some of these discoveries?
What were some of the philosophical ideas of Auguste Comte? How were they
characteristic of much of 19c thought?
What was Karl Marx's theory of history? Where did he agree with Hegel? disagree with
Hegel?
According to Marx, what was the purpose of the state?
How does a capitalist determine the value of a product? How did Marx?
Why did Marx feel that the foundations for the collapse of capitalism could be found in the
capital system itself?
How were Marx's theories wrong?
Why did Marxism have such an appeal for so many people, despite the weaknesses in his
thinking?
What were the basic scientific principles of Charles Darwin's theories? How did they
challenge established assumptions in science and theology?
How did social Darwinists attempt to apply Darwin's scientific theories to society?
What was the argument made by T. H. Huxley regarding Social Darwinism [doc. on pg. 748]?
What was Herbert Spencer's view of progress?
What new social sciences were established in the mid- to late-19c? How did they reflect
the sense that Europe's was a distinctive civilization, superior to any other?
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Assignment #4
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Document packet: excerpts from Nietzsche's writings.
Why did Marx despise the Blanquists?
What were some of the major views of Mikhail Bakunin? Why did Marx disagree with him
so much?
Even though the First International died out by 1872, what lessons were learned there by
future Marxist revolutionaries?
What is anarchism? Who were the their greatest supporters? How were anarchists
different in philosophy and practice from the Marxists and other socialists of the late 19c?
How did the Catholic Church respond to the scientific, technological, political, and social
changes that abounded in the last half of the 19 c?
What put the various churches on the defensive and heightened the tensions between
church and state?
Identify the schools of political thought that questioned the power of human reason and
argued for leadership by a small elite. How did they differ from liberalism?
What were the main points of Nietzsche's philosophy? Why was he critical of Christianity?
What were some of the late 19c arguments in support of anti-Semitism Why did antiSemitism increase at the end of the 19c in Europe? What was Theodor Herzl's response to
this phenomenon?