Chap 16 to 18 Review
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What is it called when DNA is transferred from one bacgeria to another?
If A makes of 22% of a sample of the DNA what are the % for the other nucleotides?
Name 3 bits of information that was obtained from the x-ray diffraction of DNA.
What are the 3 subunits of a nucleotide?
What is meant by semiconservative replication? Who proved this?
How is information carried by the DNA bases?
State Chargaff's rule. What did it imply for Watson and Crick?
Why were proteins first considered to be the genetic material instead of of DNA?
DNA replication requires an ____ primer to start.
Which molecule enhances separation separation of DNA strands during replication?
How are the terms gene, DNA and chromosome related?
Name three molecule where the nitrogenous base adenine can be found.
Describe how a frame shift mutation is formed.
What are groups of ribosomes reading the same mRNA called?
Describe why there are 64 possible genetic codes.
What is a degenerate code?
When Beadle and Tatum shot the mold with radiation, could they control what genes would mutate?
How many amino acids would a codon code for if was a doublet instead of a triplet of bases?
What did Hershey and Chase use to label the DNA molecules of the phage?
Why was Sulfur used to label the protein molecules?
What are Okazaki fragments? Why are they only fragments and not long strands?
Describe Griffith's experiment.
Describe what would result after two replications of using heavy nitrogen.
In the Hershey and Chase experiments, how come radioactive nitrogen would not be a good choice as
a tracer?
How do ribosomes synthesizing secretory proteins get attached to the ER?
How can the genetic code provide evidence that all organisms have a common ancestor?
What occurs at the promotor region?
What are the two important parts of tRNA?
If a protein is 200 amino acids long, how many bases are needed to code for it?
Can a particular tRNA bind to more than one type of amino acid?
There are four molecules involved in the initiation of Translation, describe how they come together and
in what order.
Is a base substitution or a frame shift mutation more likely to cause damage to a protein?
What ends chain elongation in translation?
What is the function of reverse transcriptase?
The metabolite or end product of a metabolic pathway can be used to control a repressible operon,
describe how.
If a bacterium picks up antibiotic resistance from other bacteria, what process probably took place?
What is another name for a primary transcript?
If the regulator gene of a repressible operon is defective, what would be the result?
What is the function of an operator locus of an inducible operon?
What does addition of tryptophan do to the trp operon?
What must happen to get a repressible operon to do transcription?
What is a prophage?
When does transcription of an inducible operon occur?
List three facts about tumor viruses.
Describe TWO conditions in which the lactose operon would do transcription.
CAP molecules are associated with what kind of control of operons?
What is the difference between transduction, transformation and transposition?
List three facts about oncogenes.
How does the Hfr bacterium differ from the F+.
When the Hfr undergoes conjugation, why does the F sex factor seldom go into the F- strain?
Do transposons have specific target sites or many target sites?
DNA QUESTION 1985: Describe the operon hypothesis and discuss how it
explains the control of messenger RNA production and the regulation of protein
synthesis in bacterial cells.