Business Management & Commerce
DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS
1.What is Benchmarking?
Benchmarking is the process of continuously measuring and comparing one’s
business processes against comparable processes in leading organizations and
industry best practices to obtain information that will help the organization identify
and implement improvements.
It is the performance comparison of organization business processes against an
internal or external standard of recognized leaders.
2. Define Cybersnooping
Cybersnooping is a legal safeguard against individuals using Internet services
indiscreetly. This is done using technology, including video cameras, e-mail and
tracking devices.
Government have powers to check out all Internet activities on demand. Under
the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000(RIP) UK, anyone could be
under cyber-surveillance without even knowing about it.
The basic mission is to enhance to deter and prosecute those who engage in
cyber crime and cyber terrorism.
3. Define the concept of Six Sigma?
Six Sigma is a quality philosophy that uses customer- focused goals and
measurements to drive continuous improvement at all levels, apparently in any
organization.
The goal is to achieve the processes that are robust and by which defects are
measured at levels of only a few parts per million.
It enables each individual, each business unit, and function in the organization
evaluates their performance against the Six Sigma goal of near perfect product
i.e., 99.997% “Perfect”.
4. What is the Hawthorne Effect?
The Hawthorne Effect implies that the behavioural pattern of persons at the
workplace is influenced by the work environment, social interactions, and
psychological factors like personality, attitude and feelings.
5. What is JIT technique?
Just in Time (JIT) is a set of techniques to improve the return on investment of a
business by reducing in-process inventory and its associated costs.
This reduces the costs of storing excess and unwanted stock. It represents a
goal which is the ultimate total elimination of inventory, minimal work-in-progress
and monitored by a constant reduction in working capital.
Precise timing and reliable suppliers are essential for this technique to work
effectively.
6. What is TPM?
TPM is a highly structured system that helps maximize equipment efficiency and
set up a preventive maintenance system to increase the life of the equipment.
The goals of TPM can be summarized very simply as follows:
üUltimate attainment of zero defects
üZero breakdowns
üZero accidents.
The benefits to the company are increased plant efficiency; lower manufacturing
costs and a better quality product to the customer.
7. What is 5s ?
5s is a process of workplace organization and housekeeping that is carried out
gradually and systematically. A set of five actions that help in maintaining a neat,
clean, and organized workplace
Seiri
(sorting out),
or
(Sort)
Seiton
(systematic arrangement), or
(Set to order)
Seiso
(spic and span),
or
(Shine)
Seiketsu
(standardising),
or
(Standardise)
Shitsuke
(self-discipline).
or
(Sustain)
A well organized workplace motivates people, improves safety, work efficiency,
improves productivity and encourage ownership.
8. What is OB-mod?
It is a programme in which the manager identifies a work related behaviour and
encourages the same by a suitable intervention strategy having positive
motivation till the undesirable behaviour is weakened and desirable behaviour is
strengthened.
OB-mod represents application of Reinforcement theory in motivation.
9. Define MNC?
A multinational corporation (MNC) or multinational enterprise (MNE) or
transnational corporation (TNC) is one that spans multiple nations; these
corporations are often very large.
Such companies have offices, factories or branch plants in different countries.
They usually have a centralized head office where they coordinate global
management.
E.g.., Microsoft, Toyota Motor, Intel, Coca-Cola , IBM…
10. What is 360 degree appraisal?
The 360 degree performance feedback evaluates an employee’s performance by
soliciting information and opinions about the individual’s performance from peers,
managers, direct reports as well as internal and external customers.
It is used in identifying training and development needs, pinpointing skills and
competencies, career development, employee coaching etc.
Employee development efforts are more focused and effective.