SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533581871
Date: _______________________
Alcohols and Ethers
Alcohols
Organic compound that has a _____________________ (-OH) attached to the main
alkane chain
General formula: R-OH (where R is the alkane chain)
Structural Formulas for Alcohols
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
Examples:
1-butanol
2 -pentanol
Naming Alcohols
Find the longest continuous chain of carbon containing the hydroxyl group
Use that as the base chain name
Change the ending from “__” to “___”
Examples:
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SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533581871
Properties of Alcohols
The longer the alcohol molecule, the __________________________________
More soluble (can ________) in water than alkanes (due to presence of –OH group)
The larger the alcohol, the less soluble it will become
Ethers
Organic compound that has a _______________________________ bonded to two
separate hydrocarbon chains
General formula
Where R and R’ are alkane chains
Naming Ethers
Ethers are recognized by the presence of “oxy” in the IUPAC name
You add “oxy” right after the prefix of the SMALLER hydrocarbon chain, followed by
the LARGER alkane name
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SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533581871
Drawing Ethers
Examples:
Ethoxybutane
Butoxyhexane
Properties of Ethers
More polar than hydrocarbons (due to presence of oxygen atom)
Boiling point is slightly higher than ___________________, but lower than
___________________
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SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533581871
Draw structures for the following compounds.
1. 4-ethyl-4-heptanol
2. 1-pentanol
3. 3-octanol
4. 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol
5. hexan-2-ol
6. 3-pentanol
7. 2-bromo-4-ethyl-1-decanol
8. 2,2-dimethyl-1-pentanol
9. 5-chloro-2-methyl-3-hexanol
10. 3-chloro-1-butanol
Name the following structures.
1.
5.
Cl
|
CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH2CH2-OH
|
Cl
OH
|
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CHCH3
2.
6.
CH3- CH2CH2-CH-CH3
|
OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
3.
7.
OH
|
CH3CH2CH2CCH3
|
OH
OH
|
CH3CHCH2CHCH2CH3
|
OH
4.
8.
OH
|
CH3CHCHCH2CH3
|
OH
OH
CH2CH3
|
|
CH3CHCHCH2CH
|
|
OH OH
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SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533581871
Draw the following molecules.
1. Methoxybutane
2. ethoxybutane
3. ethoxyhexane
4. propoxyhexane
5. propoxyoctane
6. ethoxypentane
7. ethoxyhexane
8. propoxypentane
Name the following molecules.
1.
5.
CH3CH2OCH2CH2CH3
CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
2.
CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH3
6.
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2CH3
3.
7.
CH3CH2CH2OCH2CH3
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2CH3
4.
8.
CH3CH2OCH2CH3
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH3
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