Word Within the Word Lesson #11
-i
ROOT
DEFINITION
plural
jus
lum
law
light
ann
year
apo
away or up
sen
sol
old
alone
bas
low
rogat
ask
parl
potent
speak
power
surg
log
gram
rise
word or
reason
writing
cant
sing
reg
rule
pro
forward
gyn
woman
ag
to do
act
to do
mob
move
sess
sit
fic
nounce
make
tell
andro
man
EXAMPLES
Bacilli, fungi, nuclei, alumni, magi, octopi,
gemini, homunculi, literati
justice, justify, unjust, jus soli, justiciary
luminary, luminous, illuminate, luminiferous,
superluminous
annual, superannuated, anniversary,
annuity, perennial
apotheosis, apogee, apoplexy, apology,
aphelion, apostasy
senile, senior, senator, seniority, senescent
solitude, solitary, solo, soliloquy, desolate,
solipsism, solifidian, consolidate
bass, base, basic, basal, bassoon, debase,
contrabase, abase, bas-relief
interrogation, abrogate, derogatory, arrogate,
supererogatory
parliament, parley, parlor, parlance, parlando
potential, potentiometer, potentate,
plenipotentiary, omnipotent
resurgence, insurgence, surge, surgent
logic, neologism, philologist, logician, illogical,
monologue
telegram, pentagram, hexagram, hologram,
grammar
recant, cantata, incantation, descant,
canticle, canto
regal, regiment, regulate, regent, interregnum,
regicide, regime
provide, pronounce, program, prognosticate,
prospect, prognosis, prolix
androgynous, gynecologist, polygyny,
misogynist, gynephobia
agile, agent, agency, agitate, aggression,
aggrade, agree
transact, react, action, activate, abreact,
counteract, interact
mobility, mobile, immobile, mobilize,
demobilize
session, sessile, insessorial, sessility,
obsessed
fortification, fiction, prolific, horrific, soporific
denounce, pronounce, announce, renounce,
enunciate
androgynous, android (droid), androgens,
androphobia, polyandry
ORIGIN
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Greek
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Greek
Greek
Latin
Latin
Greek
Greek
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Latin
Greek
Word Within the Word Lesson #11
Using the context clues from the sentence and your understanding of the root,
define the underlined words in the following sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Do bacilli and fungi have nuclei in their cells?
Can a system of justice ever be unjust?
The luminous moonlight illuminated the aluminum sculpture.
The superannuated doorman celebrated his fiftieth anniversary.
At the satellite’s apogee we could not find it with binoculars.
The senior class president befriended the not-so-senile old man.
On his solo transcontinental flight, he enjoyed the solitude.
Basic instructions are included with each new bassoon.
The interrogation was derogatory in tone.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Word Within the Word Lesson #11
Several members of Parliament had a parley in the parlor.
The plenipotentiary met twice with the potentate.
The surge of the sea portended the resurgence of violence.
The philologist delighted in inventing neologisms.
The grammar in the telegram was not correct.
During the holy man’s incantation, the spirit began to appear.
There were no regal ceremonies in the interregnum.
The doctor’s prognosis was not favorable.
The musician’s androgynous appearance was widely imitated.
The secret agent spilled the deadly chemical agent.
There may be little time to act or react.
When the National Guard was mobilized, the mobile units were ready.
Dozens of chairs were arranged for the general session.
Is that wall supposed to be beautification or fortification?
Pronounce your announcement clearly.
The metal android grappled with the furry anthropoid.
Mystery Questions #11
1. Is a five-pointed star a pentagram?
2. Do solifidians believe in salvation through faith alone?
3. Is an interregnum the space between two armies?
4. Can you close a business deal by abrogating it?
5. Is a kindergarten child a superannuated individual?
6. Is the moon at apogee near to or far from the earth?
Word Within the Word Lesson #11
7. Is a neologism in the dictionary?
8. Could a ruler send a plenipotentiary to transact official business?
9. Is grinding poverty debasing?
10. Can a senator be a victim of regicide?
ANALYSIS:
1. What do you think the difference is between misanthropy and
androphobia (a very rarely used word!)? Between misanthropy and
misogyny? Break the words down and figure them out.
2. What is the difference between a philosopher and a philologist?
Between a regicide and an interregnum?
EVALUATION:
1. When Galileo published his discovery that the solar system was heliocentric, the church forced him to recant. Do you think there is ever a
time when an institution or society has a right to prevent a truth from
being known? Does national or social interest come into direct conflict
Word Within the Word Lesson #11
with our interest in discovering truths? How can such questions be
decided?
2. If you have made a firm, public commitment to some cause, do you have
the right to abrogate your commitment if you begin to feel differently?
INTUITION:
1. If you were the Macrocosmic Potentate and could make three changes
in the universe, any three changes you wished, what would the changes
be?
2. If you could shrink in size to one millimeter or even smaller, and explore
the world from a microcosmic perspective, what would you like to
examine? What would bacilli and fungi look like on that scale?
EMOTION:
1. Think about the subtle emotional connotations of the words solo,
solitude, solitary, and desolate. What are the delicate shades of feeling
that distinguish these words from each other and that allow you to
choose among them in writing a poem or a short story?
2. If you could be omnipotent for a day, how would you feel? Sacred?
Excited? Stunned? What would your emotional response be?
Complete the following analogies.
1.
BASE : ABASE ::
a) prolific : soporific
b) mobile : immobile
c) parley : parliament
d) fortification : fortify
6.
PATRIARCH : MATRIARCH ::
a) patrilineal : children
b) monarchy : plutocracy
c) ruler : ruled
d) father : mother
2.
TELEGRAM : PENTAGRAM ::
a) solifidian : desolate
b) epistle : parallelogram
c) solitude : solipism
d) apotheosis : renunciation
7.
GYNEPHOBIA : ANDROPHOBIA ::
a) annual : perennial
b) aphelion : perihelion
c) bibliophile : agoraphobia
d) misogyny : misanthropy
Word Within the Word Lesson #11
3.
ALUMNUS : ALUMNI ::
a) cantata : canticle
b) luminous : superluminous
c) phenomenon : phenomena
d) mobilize : immobile
8.
PROLIX : PARLEY ::
a) superannuated : life
b) regicide : interregnum
c) react : counteract
d) omnipotent : potentate
4.
PENTAGRAM : HEXAGRAM ::
a) senile : senior
b) senescent : senile
c) bilateral : trilateral
d) prognosticate : prognosis
9.
ABROGATE : TRANSACT ::
a) demobilize : mobilize
b) aggression : justice
c) philologist : philosopher
d) bacilli : fungi
5.
REGIME : INTERREGNUM ::
a) apogee : perigee
b) bassoon : base
c) prose : fiction
d) notes : intervals
10. MONOLOGUE : DIALOGUE ::
a) solo : symphony
b) resurgence : insurgence
c) nuclei : cells
d) incantation : magi
Classic Words #11
1. From Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island
The captain had been struck dead by thundering ___________________________.
a. apoplexy
b. senescence
c. omnipotence
d. incantation
2. From Charles Dicken’s David Copperfield
There was a black barge, or some other kind of ____________ boat, not far off.
Word Within the Word Lesson #11
a. luminiferous
b. sessile
c. superannuated
d. superrogatory
3. From William Makepeace Thackeray’s Vanity Fair
Honest William was left at George’s ____________ in London, to transact all the business.
a. soporific
b. plenipotentiary
c. potentate
d. luminary
4. From John Milton’s Paradise Lost
Raphael, the affable Arch-angel, had forewarn’d Adam by dire example to behave ________.
a. interrogation
b. solipsism
c. apostasy
d. bacilli
5. From Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass
Sprouts take and accumulate, stand by the curb _______________ and vital.
a.
b.
c.
d.
prolific
supererogatory
superannuated
prolix
TEST #11
Directions: For the following words, write the definition of the root in bold.
1. ANDROid
2. deNOUNCE
3. FICtion
4. SESSion
5. MOBilize
6. ACTion
7. AGent
8. GYNecologist
9. PROvide
10. REGicide
11. CANTata
12. teleGRAM
13. LOGic
14. reSURGence
15. POTENTate
16. PARLey
17. interROGATion
18. BASic
19. SOLitary
20. SENior
21. APOgee
22. ANNual
23. LUMinary
24. JUStify
25. fungI
26. ULTRAmarine
Word Within the Word Lesson #11
27. ECTOthermic
28. DIAlogue
29. LUCidity
30. GREGarious
31. MEDIocre
32. GYROscope
33. TETRAhedron
34. GEOthermal
35. ENDOplasm
36. PUTative
37. DORMancy
38. HYPOdermic
39. TRANSport
40. EXTRAordinary
41. LUNAtic
42. CHRONometer
43. NEOlithic
44. ORTHOpedist
45. POLYphonic
46. MALignant
47. MISSile
48. ANTIbody
49. DEMOgraphic
50. BENEdiction
51. GENetics
52. SACROsanct
53. ALTimeter
54. ISOthermal
55. PALEOzoic
56. MORTify
57. PEDagogue
58. CURSive
59. UNIverse
60. MUTAnt
61. FUGitive
62. NATive
63. CARNivorous
64. ETHNOcentrism
65. HEXAgram
66. HETEROdox
67. FIDelity
68. FRACTion
69. LATeral
70. LITHograph
71. SENSation
72. SANCTimonious
73. GESTation
74. METAmorphosis
75. ANIMated
76. NUMERous
77. PACifist
78. ACRimonious
79. PLUrality
80. GERMinate
81. TANGent
82. HYPERventilate
83. COGNizant
84. SURmount
85. CORPulent
86. MEGAlith
87. MAGNificent
88. HELIOtrope
89. NECROphobia
90. TACTician
91. AUDItory
92. PROTOtype
93. MONOtonous
94. ORNITHologist
95. CENTRIfuge
96. EQUAnimity
97. BIOmorphic
98. CIRCUMpolar
99. Euphony
100. THERMOnuclear