OUTLINER
Chapter 9
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I.
Audio in Teaching and Learning
A.
includes both hearing and comprehending audio
B. Effective listening for learning includes
1. Accurate
2. Focused
3.
to stimulate neural connections
II.
Traditional Audio Media
A. Audio Cassette
1. Economic, durable, and
2. Uses
to record voice, music, and other sounds
3. Can be used in
,
groups, or
group instruction to add
audio elements
4. May be used for
B.
III.
Broadcast Audio
1. Received via
or
2. Enhances content with
channels
Digital Audio Media
A. Optical Media (CD-ROMs)
1. Offer better
and greater
capacity when compared with traditional
audio media
2. Easier to
audio for replay
3. With CD-Rs and CD-RWs you can also
4. Advantages include
B. Internet Audio
1. You can
audio rather than acquire CDs
2. You will need
to play back these files
3. While audio clips in
format are available, MP3 is gaining popularity
because
C. MP3 Files
1. MP3s sometimes include
displayed during audio playback
2. MP3 players usually include
3. Typically music, but may also include
D.
IV.
Visual Technologies in Teaching and Learning
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
V.
Internet Radio
1. Using streaming media, many radio stations simultaneously
2.
and
stations outside the local area are now available via the
Web
3. Include music, news and talk stations from
Visual literacy is the
Visual experiences in education should be designed to
Awareness of effective visual design helps to impart
Visual Communication and Learning
1. Visuals include
2. Text refers to
3. Visual elements include
4.
are visual components that can elicit responses from viewers
Visual Design Guidelines
1. Relevance
(a) All elements should add
2. Coherence
(a) Include only those elements that
3. Consistency
(a) All elements should be
4. Proportion
(a) Relative size should be
5. Contrast
(a) Key elements should draw
6. Unity and Direction
(a) Elements must work together to
and then to guide
Non-Projected Visuals in Teaching and Learning
A.
include all objects that can be brought into the classroom and used as a
visual enhancement
B. Models are
of real objects or concepts
C. Exhibits are displays or dioramas that
D. Print Materials include
E.
and
are pictorial images used to illustrate and clarify
F.
G.
– easy to change venue for graphic elements
– Great for impromptu illustrations - can easily save images by tearing off
pages
H.
– common and easy way display text and images
VI.
Projected Visuals in Teaching and Learning
A. Overhead Projectors
1. Shine light through
for large group
2. Transparencies can be
or
with
or
printers but the
right
must be used with each
3. Commercial transparencies are frequently available with
4. Transparencies can also be created with common software such as
B. Digital Projectors
1. Used to project digital images from
2. Allow for large group
C. Document Cameras
1. Video camera mounted on a stand to
2. May use
or
for display
3. Can be use to zoom in on a
or to share images of
VII.
Traditional Video Technologies
A. Broadcast Video
1. Commercial TV and educational TV (PBS) may offer
2. Local learning channels offer
3. Programs are typically
4. The synchronous nature of TV can be difficult to use because
5. Time limitations may be overcome by
B.
Narrowcast Video
1. Video signals targeted to
2. Dedicated
for a school system
3. Can target
C.
Closed Circuit TV
1. Once a television signal is received by a school, it may be distributed
via CCTV
2. CCTV can be used to share
3. CCTV can also be used to
D.
Cablecast Video
1. Cable TV companies typically offer
2. Cable may be connected to the
3. Quality cable television shows such as
classroom instruction
can be easily incorporated into
E.
Recorded Video Technologies
1. Because it is asynchronous, this format is
2.
playback video recorded on VHS tape
3. Tapes may
prepared
that occurred at inconvenient times or may be commercially
4. Playback, copyright permitting, can be easily
5. A
provides viewing from all parts of the classroom
6. Many
can also accept VCR input for large group projection
7. Camcorders can also
playback
VIII.
of class or instructional activities for later VCR
Digital Video Technologies
A. Digital Video Basics
1.
helps remedy the file size problem
2. Compressed files require
3.
B.
are the most popular compression formats
Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs)
1.
DVDs can store up to
2.
DVD storage also allows for
3.
DVDs also offer
classroom
4.
C.
to decompress and playback video
on each side
to any frame or sequence for targeted replay in the
which allow recording on DVD are now on the market
Digital Video Cameras
1. Capture and store
2. Digital files can then be
to computer and adjusted with
3. Video clips can then be played back on
4. Clips can also be inserted into
D.
Digital Video Editing
1. Digital video editing allows for
2.
can be added to any frame
3.
can be added to any frame
4. Digital video can be added to
5. Full motion video files are
E.
Compressed Video Teleconferencing Systems (CVS)
1.
are transmitted
2. CVS are dedicated, often room-size systems that
3. CVS offer
to all locations
IX.
Internet Video
A. Internet Broadcasts
1. Live compressed video images can also be transmitted
2. Streaming video allows you to
3. Much more affordable than
B.
C.
Live Cams
1.
Live cameras connected to computers logged into the Internet offer
2.
Many livecams are focused on
3.
Students can view live cams by
Internet Meetings
1. Live digital video across the Net can also be used for
2. Meeting software may include not only video and audio, but also
3. Educators can adapt meeting software to let students
X.
Using Motion Video in Teaching and Learning
1. Videos are an invaluable teaching tool
2. Video can alter time through
or
and by simulating
3. Video can alter space by
A.
4. But videos are not of equal quality so they must be
in the classroom
Creating Videos for Teaching and Learning
1. Teacher-made and student-made videos can offer
2. When creating videos
(a)
to prepare for recording
(b) Use the full potential of
B.
Caveats when creating videos
1. Remember parental permission is required when
2. Be aware of
3.
C.
for video taping
always apply
Implementing Video in Instruction
1. Preview the
before showing it
2. Prepare for showing by
(a) Checking
before using them
(b) Checking the
(lighting, sound, seating) for viewing
3. Engage the learner
(a) Review
and discuss
(b) Use a
(c) Be ready to
for discussions
4. Be aware of both
and
content
(a) Anticipate possible
(b) Provide preliminary and post video
(c) Watch for