Name:_______________________________ Date:__________________ Period:____
Ecology Review Questions
1. The natural world that surrounds an organism is called the organism’s:
a. energy
b. environment
c. lodgings
d. nutrients
2. The study of how living things interact is called:
a. ecosystems
b. abiotic factors
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
c. ecology
d. the energy pyramid
The source of energy for almost all life on Earth is:
a. fungi
b. animals
c. water
d. sunlight
An example of a biotic factor in a forest ecosystem is:
a. waterfall
b. cliff
c. a tree
d. a rock
An ecosystem is made up of:
a. living things only
c. living things and the physical environment
b. physical environment only
d. living things and decaying matter
In an energy pyramid, the bottom level represents:
a. consumers
b. producers c. scavengers
d. decomposers
An example of a consumer in a pond ecosystem is:
a. a water lily
b. algae
d. a frog
c. a reed
8.
Which of these food chains is in the correct order?
a. caterpillar, cattail, frog, water snake
b. cattail, caterpillar, frog, water snake
c. water snake, frog, caterpillar, cattail
d. cattail, frog, caterpillar, water snake
9.
Ecology is the study of how:
a. the physical environment changes over time
b. biotic factors change over time
c. matter interacts with energy in our environment
d. living things interact with each other and their environment
10.
An example of a biotic factor in a pond ecosystem is:
a. temperature
b. water
c. fish
d. sunlight
An example of a producer is a:
a. fungus
b. caterpillar
d. moss
11.
12.
13.
14.
c. bird
Both consumers and producers are a source of food for:
a. scavengers
b. decomposers
c. carnivores
In an energy pyramid, the lowest level has:
a. less energy than the top level
c. more energy than the top level
d. herbivores
b. less energy than the second level
d. the same amount of energy as the second level
A scientist who studies the interactions of plants and animals is called:
a. a physicist
b. a botanist
c. a geologist
d. an ecologist
15.
A food chains shows:
a. one possible pathway for energy
b. many possible pathways for energy
c. the amount of energy available to a producer
d. the amount of energy available to a consumer
16.
Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they:
a. are at the highest level of the energy pyramid
b. change simple compounds into more complex ones
c. make nutrients available for producers to reuse
d. convert light energy into sugars through photosynthesis
17.
Which of the following factors in an ecosystem is biotic?
a. insects
b. soil
c. water
18.
d. sunlight
Two abiotic factors that affect an ecosystem are:
a. temperature and animals
b. plants and animals
c. water and bacteria
d. soil and water
19. Two examples of decomposers are:
a. fungi and bacteria
c. carnivores and herbivores
b. algae and marine mammals
d. ferns and mosses
20. A caterpillar eats a leaf, and a bird eats the caterpillar. In this interaction, the bird is a:
a. producer
b. herbivore
c. primary consumer
d. secondary consumer
21. How is a food web model different from a food chain?
a. In a web, energy moves from an organism to only one other.
b. In a web, energy may move to many organisms from one.
c. In a web, an organism gets energy from one source.
d. In a web, an organism receives less energy than in a chain.
22. When a rabbit population in a meadow cannot grow any larger, it has reached the:
a. climax community b. carrying capacity
c. limiting factor
d. minimum size
23. Which list of terms is in the correct order, from simplest to most complex?
a. organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome
b. organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem
c. organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome
d. organism, community, ecosystem, population, biome
24. A population of rabbits is at its carrying capacity when the population:
a. reproduces
b. becomes extinct
c. stops growing
d. can’t survive
25. An unusually cold winter causes the squirrel population to decrease. This is an example of
temperature as a:
a. carrying capacity
b. limiting factor
c. climax community
d. pattern in space
26. All the living things in a meadow and the physical environment around them make up the meadow’s:
a. community
b. population
c. ecosystem
d. niche
27. A crab lives on a beach where it gets food, shelter, and space to live. The beach is the crab’s:
a. niche
b. community
c. habitat
d. home
28. All the leopard frogs in a pond make up the pond’s leopard frog:
a. population
b. niche
c. habitat
d. ecosystem
29. Biodiversity is a measure of the:
a. variety of nonliving things within an ecosystem
b. amount of resources shared by the human population.
c. Variety of species within an ecosystem.
d. Amount of renewable resources within an ecosystem.
30. Biotic
a.
b.
c.
d.
factors in an ecosystem may include:
bacteria, soil, and water
plants, animals, and bacteria
temperature, water, and soil
animals, fungi, and temperature
31. An animal that eats only plants is a:
a. primary consumer
b. secondary consumer
32. An example of a biotic factor is:
a. soil
b. a rock
c. water
33. A snake that eats an insect-eating frog is a:
a. primary consumer
b. secondary consumer
c. tertiary consumer
d. primary producer
d. a tree
c. tertiary consumer
d. primary producer
34. Which group shown in the energy pyramid is most immediately affected by the decomposition of other
organisms?
a. Producers
b. 1st Consumer
c. 2nd Consumer
d. 3rd Consumer
35. Knowing the type of food consumed by an organism helps to identify the role of the organism in the
community. This role is known as its________
a. nesting site
b. habitat
c. biomass
d. niche
36. Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the top of an energy pyramid?
a. Shrimp
b.Salmon
c. Sharks
d. Seaweed
37. Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the bottom of an energy pyramid?
b. Shrimp
b.Salmon
c. Sharks
d. Seaweed
38. The greatest population growth was observed in _
a. Stage 1
b. Stage 2
c. Stage 3
D. Stage 4
39. The population increased was due to _
a. Birth rate increase
b. Death rate increase
c. Birth rate decrease
d. Death rate decrease
Fill in the Blank
A(n) ___________________________ is made up of both living things and the physical environment.
An ecosystem is made up of both living things and the physical environment.
__________________________ is the study of how living things interact with each other and their
environment.
Living things in an ecosystem are ________________________ factors.
Nonliving things in an ecosystem are __________________________ factors.
The __________________________ of an environment is the maximum population that it can support.
True or False?
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Organisms in soil are an example of abiotic factors.
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The amount of light available in an ecosystem affects the types and amount of plant life that will grow
there.
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Plants use energy to make sugars through photosynthesis.
-
An ecosystem is composed of biotic factors.
-
In a species, the organisms’ offspring must be able to breed.
-
The same niche in a habitat may be occupied by more than one species.
Matching
_____ Producer
_____Consumer
_____Decomposer
_____Food Chain
_____Food Web
_____Energy Pyramid
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
made up of many overlapping food chains
organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy
shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain
organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals
shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers
organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds
Matching: organism, The ocean, Energy, Environment, The Sun
________________________ It surrounds all living things
________________________All living organisms need it
________________________It gives Earth most of its energy
Matching: niche, habitat, parasitism competition mutualism
________________________ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation
________________________ Two organisms benefit in a relationship
________________________The role a species fills in a habitat
Matching: pollution, population density, natural resource, Invasive species, biodiversity
________________________A substance that degrades the environment
________________________ An introduced species
________________________ The variety of life in an ecosystem
What do the arrows in the food web represent?
List three producers and three consumers in the food web. Identify the type of consumer
Draw one food chain that includes the sparrow.
Good Luck on the Test!
Remember to Study!