Cell Wall
In plant cells
Lies outside the cell membrane
Support and protection for the cell
Made mostly of cellulose
Cell Membrane
Thin flexible barrier around the cell
Supports and protects the cell
Cytoplasm
The material inside the cell membrane, not including nucleus
Mostly water
Nucleus
 DNA: holds the coded instructions for making proteins and other important
molecules
 Chromatin: In the nucleus, DNA spread throughout nucleus
 Chromosomes: In the nucleus during the division, when the cell
divides, DNA coils up into chromosomes
Nucleolus
In the nucleus
Where ribosomes are produced
Nuclear Envelope
Surrounds the nucleus
Has pores which allow for the transport of materials in and out of the nucleus
Cytoskeleton
Network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape
Involved in cell movement
 Microtubules: Hollow tubes of protein, maintain shape and serve as tracks to
move organelles, help the chromosomes separate in division, cilia and flagella
 Microfilaments: long, thin fibers, support the cell
Ribosomes
 Free ribosomes: not attached to the ER
Assemble proteins
Follow the instructions from the nucleus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Have ribosomes on them
Involved in protein synthesis, take the proteins from the ribosomes and alter them
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Synthesis of lipids
Golgi Apparatus
Takes proteins from the ER and further alters them
Sends them proteins to their final destination
Lysosomes
Filled with enzymes
Break down food particles
Break down organelles
Vacuoles
Saclike structure
Stores water, salts proteins and carbohydrates
Act as support in plant cells
Chloroplasts
Mostly found in plants
Use the energy from the sun to make food: photosynthesis
 Chlorophyll: Green pigment found in chloroplasts, traps sunlight
Mitochondria
Release energy from stored food molecuels
Cilia
Made of microtubules
For locomotion
Flagella
Made of microtubules
For locomotion