PHYSICAL FITNESS – Study Guide
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
LINCOLN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
NAME_________________________
PERIOD_____
To receive the best grade possible in this unit you should use this guide to
create complete notes so that you may study and learn the following:
Sedentary: Lifestyle marked by inactivity. (i.e. Couch potato, mouse potato, etc.)
Physical Fitness: Having the energy and strength to complete all normal daily activities
with enough “reserve” to participate in a vigorous recreational activity.
Activity Log: Documentation of exercise. Often includes; date, name of the activity,
duration and intensity of the exercise.
Body Sculpting: Using resistance training to change body shape.
Warm-Up: (Injury prevention) Activities that move muscles for the purpose preparing for
more strenuous activity. The muscles actually increase in temperature
Specificity of Warm-Up: Activities that are “SPECIFIC” to the exercise or sport.
Isometric: Static contraction. Muscles are contracted against an immovable object,
producing muscular contractions without movement of the body part(s).
Isotonic (Iso-kinetic): An exercise with movement through a full range of motion. Working
a muscle group with resistance.
Muscular Endurance: The ability to repeatedly contract a muscle
Muscular Strength: Maximum amount of weight that can be lifted for “Once.”
Intensity: The level of exertion in an activity. How hard you worked.
Duration: The length of time of the activity. How long (Number of minutes) you worked.
Cool-Down: Slow active movement meant to help the body return to normal.
Aerobic: (Scientific definition) With oxygen or with air.
Aerobics: Cardio-respiratory endurance training, where the body is able to process the
amount of oxygen required by the body during the activity. Physiological
benefits are: lower blood pressure, decreased resting heart rate, increased
stroke volume and increase capillaries.
Step Aerobics: (Aerobic Dance) Exercise using music for pace that raises Heart rate.
PHY.FIT–Study Guide
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Anaerobic: (Scientific definition) Without oxygen.
Anaerobic Exercise: An intense activity or exercise where the body requires more O2
than can be processed by the cardiovascular system (heart and lungs). A longer
time period is needed for the body to return to normal.
Resistance Training: Force or resistance applied to muscles for the purpose of improving
muscular strength and endurance. The actual resistance used may be from
several sources: Gravity, weights (dumbbells, etc.), medicine balls, stretchable
latex bands or cords.
Plyometrics: Type of exercise training designed to produce fast, powerful movements.
Plyometric training exercises use various apparatus including plyometric
(medicine) balls.
Body Mass Index (BMI): A ratio of height to weight used by physicians to determine an
approximate ideal weight.
Core Strength: The type of strength involving the muscles of the abdomen and lower
back.
Yoga: An ancient practice of body positions to improve posture, balance, and breathing.
Meant to the connect mind and body.
Posture: Sitting or standing upright with the head, spine, shoulders and hips aligned.
Flexibility: Being able to move a body part through a full range of motion.
Stability: The biomechanical principle that allows for the improvement of balance.
Balance: an even distribution of weight enabling someone or something to remain upright
and steady
Relaxation: Techniques that may be used to reduce stress tension and anxiety.
Kick Boxing: An aerobic activity inspired by martial arts designed to improve balance,
and core strength.
Pilates: Developed in the early 20th century (by Joseph Pilates) and practiced to improve
core strength.
FITNESSGRAM ® : A test that measures the “Healthy Fitness Zone” of individuals. The
measure of over-all physical fitness used in this class.