Trendsetter barometer® Business outlook 3Q 2015 What’s inside: At a glance Economic sentiment Corporate performance Opportunities and barriers Hiring International expansion Contents At a glance 1 Economic sentiment 2 Corporate performance 4 Opportunities and barriers 6 Hiring 9 Confidence drops. Fast. Companies still posting strong results, though margins are weakening New worries limit capital expenditures, mergers, and more Businesses pull back on hiring plans, but wages inch higher International expansion Sales in foreign markets fall amid growing pessimism Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook 11 Well, that was interesting. Last quarter, major stock exchange indices turned in their worst results in four years, after concerns about a softening Chinese economy. We had prolonged uncertainty about the Fed’s interest rate decision, a Syrian humanitarian crisis that now directly affects Europe, and domestic political surprises that signal trouble for insiders. US economic fundamentals remain strong, but markets and executives like predictability, and that’s not what we’ve been getting lately. In our 20 years of surveying Trendsetter executives, we’ve had lots of opportunities to see how they respond to extremes — and this is often a useful predictor of future economic activity. So, how have they reacted this past quarter? Like game show contestants with fingers on buzzers, they’ve reacted to the negative signals with lightning speed. Trendsetter growth forecasts are down, so are plans for capex spending, hiring, and more. It doesn’t help that we’ve entered a contentious 2016 election season (even before Election Day 2015 rolls around). This quarter, we asked how politics might affect business and heard some strong opinions. It all comes down to a delicate balancing act: preparing for potential problems even while taking advantage of the abundant opportunities that still exist. We’ll soon know if Trendsetter companies’ third-quarter jitters are just temporary or the signs of a renewed period of caution. Either way, we’ve learned that when Trendsetter leaders talk, it’s important to listen, since their collective intuition is quite often prescient about where the economy is heading. This report presents what we’ve learned about their forecasts, attitudes, and planned activity — insights we obtained through conversations with 220 executives in the third quarter of 2015. We’re grateful for their input and, as always, pleased to share it with you. Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook Ken Esch Margaret Young Trendsetter Partner Sponsor Private Company Services Partner Private Company Services At a glance Private-company sentiment has gone up (é), down (ê) or stayed the same (=) across a variety of areas Optimism about the US economy is felt by 64% of private companies, down from 70% the prior quarter. Economy ê é Pessimism about the world economy is felt by 20% of international marketers, up from 9% a year ago. ê Improved pricing power is reported by 19%, down from 26% the prior quarter. ê Just roughly two-thirds (65%) plan to increase operational spending, down from 74% a year ago. é At 3.08%, planned wage increases are up from 2.62% at the start of the year. ê 9% are concerned about lack of capital for investment, down from 17% a year ago. ê Just over one-quarter (27%) reported increases in international sales, down from 34% in mid-2014. Performance Expected revenue growth is 8.7%, down from 9.8% the prior quarter. Just one-quarter (25%) plan major new investments, down from 36% the prior quarter. Just slightly more than one-half (56%) plan to hire, down from 64% in the second quarter. Over one-quarter (28%) of private companies worry about wage pressure, up from 18% at the end of last year. Sales abroad contributed 18% to overall revenue, essentially the same as the past few quarters. Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook ê Spending ê Hiring ê Headwinds é Expansion 1 Economic sentiment Confidence drops. Fast. When you work with statistics, you look at any data point in the context of history and expectations. Knowing your factory has a 5% defect rate doesn’t, by itself, tell you much. But if you also know that last month’s rate was 0.01% and that the rate soared two weeks ago, the information is a lot more meaningful. Fortunately, the Trendsetter Barometer Business Outlook gives us two decades of data for comparison. “Global uncertainty makes for an unstable economy.” —EVP, engineering and technology company Optimism about the US economy – Before and after the Chinese yuan devaluation Private-company optimism 3Q15 net 64% 56% After Aug. 10 77% Before Aug. 10 Percentages denote private companies who are optimistic about the US economy's 12-month prospects. The long view – Economic optimism over time Confidence drops. Fast. Percentage of respondents In the third quarter of 2015, 64% of Trendsetter executives voiced optimism about the US economy. This is down from 71% at the start of the year, but it’s hardly a rout. During the first three quarters of 2007, the drop was decidedly more significant, with confidence plunging nearly 20 points. And then the sky fell. We’d be Chicken Little if we predicted anything as dire as that now. 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 3Q’06 3Q’07 US economy 3Q’08 3Q’09 3Q’10 3Q’11 3Q’12 3Q’13 3Q’14 3Q’15 World economy* * World optimism reflects responses only from private companies selling internationally. Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook 2 Economic sentiment And, well, confidence was really quite high at the start of the third quarter, with 77% of Trendsetter executives feeling upbeat about the US economy — the last time it approached that level was in early 2006. Meanwhile, not a single respondent voiced pessimism during the first half of 3Q. (In the 20 years of our survey, we’d never before seen pessimism bottom out.) But that was before August 10. And then the Chinese government announced an unexpected devaluation of the yuan relative to the US dollar. Over the next seven weeks, the percentage of Trendsetter executives expressing optimism dropped 22 points to 56% (netting at 64% for the quarter overall), with roughly another one-third voicing uncertainty and 6% saying they were pessimistic by the end of the quarter. We saw a similar plunge in world-economy sentiments among Trendsetter companies that sell abroad: After August 10, their optimism fell from 49% to 29%, and their pessimism rose from 9% to 25% (netting at 36% and 20% respectively for the quarter). Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook “Although companies have grown increasingly realistic about the limitations of the Chinese market, I don’t think most of them expected the magnitude of August’s events,” says PwC’s Ken Esch. “You can see their uneasiness in newly conservative forecasts and spending plans. It’s a reminder of how interconnected our modern economy is; even private companies that operate exclusively in the US are affected by what happens in China.” It’s too early to call this a downward trend. That said, we may see somewhat slower GDP growth in 2016: Trendsetter executives’ view of the US economy’s 12-month prospects has frequently been a good leading indicator for annual US GDP growth. So, Fed-watchers, take note. Meanwhile, though, Trendsetter companies are maintaining their cool. “It seems that the economy should keep moving along at a slow rate,” the owner of a car dealership told us. “As long as that happens, we will be okay.” Or, as the president of a process engineering company put it, “We are over the paranoia.” Economic barometer – 12-month outlook US economy World economy* 64% 6% 30% 36% 20% 44% Optimism Pessimism Uncertainty * Optimism about the world economy reflects responses only from companies selling internationally. 3 Corporate performance “If Congress can work together, that will fuel some continued growth.” —VP, Construction management firm Companies still posting strong results, though margins are weakening Given how quickly attitudes are shifting about the economic forecast, it’s easy to imagine that private-company revenues would be under a lot of pressure. But, at least for now, that’s actually not the case. In fact, Trendsetter corporate performance forecasts continue to be remarkably strong, even though they’re down a bit from peaks hit earlier this year. As the senior vice president of a tools and hardware company puts it, “New customers and acquisitions will help drive us.” Private companies forecast slightly lower revenue growth than a year ago 12-month revenue growth rate* Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook 9.0% Forecast in 3Q14 * Projected Growth expectations Most private companies project revenue growth for the next 12 months. Over one-third expect double-digit growth. Performance holding up Eighty-six percent of Trendsetter leaders say their companies’ revenue will grow over the next 12 months — a near-high since the recession (in that time, we’ve seen this number inch higher on just three occasions). But they see a slowdown in the rate of growth. The average company in our survey predicts an 8.7% revenue increase over the next 12 months, a figure that hasn’t fallen below 9% since 8.7% Forecast in 3Q15 3% 6% 5% 35% Positive growth 10%+ Positive growth less than 10% Zero growth Negative growth Not reported 51% 4 Corporate performance mid-2014. Still, 8.7% growth is nothing to sneeze at. And these companies think their peers will have relatively strong results, too: 81% foresee industry growth, and this is the second highest assessment in seven years. Trendsetter businesses forecast lower growth rates for their industry peers (5.5%) than for themselves — but again, these are forecasts that would please most companies in most quarters. Softening margins — another headache for the Fed To the degree that there are any real concerns in the current Trendsetter corporate performance forecasts, we’d highlight gross margins. In the time that we’ve been asking about margins, starting in 2001, more companies have said their costs have gone up than said their prices have risen — until the past year. The recent inversion showed private companies exercising unusual pricing power, while low energy Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook prices kept their costs in check. But this quarter, they reverted to the norm: 29% said that costs had risen, while only 26% were able to sustain a price hike. It’s yet another sign that we may be pulling back from a peak. This is another case where Trendsetter Barometer is a useful indicator: Private-company pricing typically moves in line with annualized quarterly US Producer Price Index (PPI) growth. As PwC’s Margaret Young points out, “The fact that fewer companies said they raised prices this past quarter is consistent with the ongoing weakness we’ve seen in PPI reports. It’s one more complication for the Fed as they try to decide when to raise interest rates.” This is something our survey participants are watching closely, with half of them telling us that the raising of interest rates by the Fed ranked high in importance for their businesses and the economy overall. On the same pricing page Trendsetter price movements tend to coincide with changes in the producer price index, indicating what the broader market will bear. US producer price index quarter-overquarter annualized % of Trendsetter companies that raised prices in the past thee months 15% 30% 10% 20% 5% 10% 0% 0% -5% -10% -10% -20% -15% -20% -30% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: PwC’s Trendsetter Barometer quarterly survey question: “In the past three months, have your own prices gone up, down or stayed the same?” Oxford Economics / Haver Analytics The numbers in the right Y-axis are the percentage of Trendsetter respondents saying prices went “up” minus the percentage saying “down.” 5 Opportunities and barriers “Our business depends on housing. When the Fed raises rates, that will mean less money in everyone’s pockets.” —Controller, Plastics manufacturer New worries limit capital expenditures, mergers, and more One of the lessons companies have learned from the turmoil of the past decade is that in tough times it helps to have a good handle on fixed versus variable expenses. Nobody knows for certain whether this particular challenge with China (or anything else) will have a serious, long-term effect on the economy. But if you’re agile, you can put a new plan into place quickly. Here, private companies may have an advantage, because they aren’t signaling their intentions ahead of time. Financing is still very affordable… Last quarter, we observed that interest rates were low, and companies were taking advantage to boost their liquidity, refinance debt, or make other structural moves. This is still true: 23% said they took out new bank loans in the recent period (the most since 2001), and 9% said they had new credit terms with suppliers (the most since 2003). And it’s easy to see why: Money is cheap. Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook Seeking new ļ¬nancing while interest rates remain historically low In 3Q 2015, nearly one-quarter of private companies initiated new financing while money remained cheap and speculation grew about whether the Fed would raise rates this year. % of private companies initiating new financing in past 3 months Today Interest rates private companies are paying for bank financing 23% 3.32% 21% 3.57% Last quarter Trendsetter executives told us they’re now paying 3.32% on average for their bank borrowing. This is a fairly dramatic 25 basis point drop from the previous quarter; in fact, this is the lowest rate we’ve seen since we started this survey. During the quarter, many thought the Fed would raise rates in September, so there was some extra pressure to act. As long as good terms are available — and for the most part, they are — new borrowing is understandable. We should note, though, that banks weren’t rolling out the red carpet for everyone. For 4% of the 6 Opportunities and barriers respondents, credit became less available in the third quarter. And while this isn’t a huge number, it’s a large jump from the 1% we saw in the second quarter. The last time we saw a jump of this size? Late 2009. So banks, too, are trying to become more agile; they’re making deals when the deals make sense, but they’re also tightening standards in a hurry where needed. At the same time, other sources of capital have been drying up; the spread between corporate and Treasury bonds is now higher than it has been in a few years. Trendsetter companies don’t seem to be in denial about further tightening. An underlying apprehension is suggested by over half of them having flagged increased capital availability as something of high importance to their businesses in the next couple of years …but there’s little appetite for strategic moves A few other markers show how sensitive Trendsetter executives have become to the possibility of bad news. We always ask companies if they’re planning any major new capital expenditures Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook in the coming year. Since the recession about one-third have said “yes,” on average, and last quarter the number was slightly above that. This time, though, the average for the period skidded to 25%. In two decades of asking this question, we’ve never seen the average fall so far, so quickly. Curiously, forecasts for operating expenses barely contracted; it’s as if companies are comfortable with current spending but wary of larger commitments in the face of heightened uncertainty. Fewer private companies plan to invest in growth activities 25% Major new capex 35% Increased operational spending New joint ventures Acquisitions 65% 74% 12% 17% 10% 16% Today (3Q 2015) A year ago (3Q 2014) Percentages denote the number of companies who plan to spend on these activities in the next 12 months. We also see private companies pulling back when it comes to mergers and strategic alliances. There’s still activity, to be sure — 45% of Trendsetter companies plan to make some significant moves. But this is well below average. Only 9% said they’ll expand to new markets abroad in the coming year, the second lowest we’ve ever seen. Buying another business? Only 10% plan to do this, even though interest rates are low and financing is plentiful. These simply aren’t risks that many private companies are prepared to take, given the sudden uncertainty in the market. 7 Opportunities and barriers PwC’s Ken Esch says that this pulling back is probably a kneejerk reaction rather than the start of a new trend, but notes that “the leading private companies we work with aren’t skittish this way. In a challenging business landscape, they seize opportunities that other companies don’t notice or else are too gun-shy to pursue. Private companies also have the luxury of a longer-term view and a willingness to make good investments while economic fundamentals remain sound.” Finally, our panel set some new records when talking about the factors that might impede growth in the coming year. One direct effect of the yuan devaluation is to make Chinese goods cheaper, relative to American-made products. So, it’s not too surprising to see a spike in concern about competition from foreign markets. But the jump in the percentage of Trendsetter executives who worry about this, from 11% to 15%, is the second largest such movement in a decade. And with the US economy performing so strongly relative to the rest of the world, there’s a lot of cash flooding in from investors who have nowhere else to go. There’s Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook so much demand for US Treasuries that, in the first 4Q15 auction of three-month T-bills, the yield hit 0% for the first time ever. Even 0% seemed better than the alternatives. So, it’s logical that 21% of Trendsetter executives would be concerned about the strength of the US dollar. This is actually the second highest level we’ve seen in 15 years — at the end of 2014, only 8% of respondents had this concern, which was the second lowest rate we’d seen in two decades. Will politics have an effect? Over the next year, we’ll hear a lot from politicians and advocacy groups about how to improve the business environment. The prevailing wisdom, of course, is that one party will be more accommodating than the other. And many of the hot-button issues are not new — we’ve heard them debated in past presidential election seasons. For instance, there’s reduced government regulation (46% of the panel said this was important to their How important will the 2016 elections be to private companies’ growth agenda in the next several years? 32% 31% Very important/critical Moderately important Unimportant 37% Percentages denote the number of companies making each response. 8 Opportunities and barriers business) and modified energy policies (40% consider this important to their business, while 49% said it was critical for the economy overall) — issues that tend to be identified more with candidates on the right. But it’s useful to remember that one person’s incentive is another person’s handout. Infrastructure spending, cited by 56% as critical to the economy (and by 51% as being important to their businesses specifically), would seem to be a priority for both parties, even if they stumble over funding sources. But the biggest election-season issue by far for these companies is tax reform, with 70% saying it’s important for their businesses and 58% saying it’s also critical for the economy generally. This issue attracts candidates on the left and the right, even as they define it differently. Last but not least, there’s strong demand (60%) for incentives for more manufacturing in the US. Bringing more production back home could solve a number of issues, and private-company leaders will doubtless welcome a new round of manufacturing policy proposals. “Bringing manufacturing back to the US isn’t just a matter of campaign rhetoric,” says PwC’s Margaret Young. “We’re seeing a growing number of companies looking to return production home, ranging from textiles businesses to OEMs and beyond. If companies can make the numbers work, manufacturing in the US is a logical way to speed up their supply chain and sales.” Big picture, nearly one-third (31%) of Trendsetter companies say that the 2016 elections will be either critical or very important to their company’s growth agenda and business planning over the next several years, with roughly another one-third (37%) saying the elections will be moderately important in this respect. Few companies, however, are delaying decision making to wait for the election outcome (a mere 11%). As the senior vice president of a tools and hardware distributor puts it, “As long as the economy keeps moving, it doesn’t much matter who wins.” Election 2016 — Top issues for corporate and economic growth, as private companies see it 70% Tax reform 58% 52% Increased capital availability 45% 51% 56% Infrastructure spending by gov & industry 51% 48% Fed raising interest rates 49% Incentives for more manufacturing in the US 60% 46% 41% Reduced regulation Incentives for capex spending 45% 30% 40% US energy policy 49% 33% Long-term funding of social security 52% 32% Fair trade agreements with Asia 43% Free higher education 27% 23% Minimum wage increase 25% 23% Immigration reform resulting in more qualified US workforce 23% 26% Important to own company’s growth Very important/critical to US economic growth Percentages denote the number of companies that consider these issues important. Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook 9 Hiring Businesses pull back on hiring plans, but wages inch up “Although fuel prices have dropped, labor costs have risen.” —CFO, Logistics services company “You should be dancing!” This was not the response to the latest two jobs reports. Even with unemployment at 5.1%, most economists were disappointed. That’s because there are actually two ways to lower unemployment: the good way (more people hired from a labor pool), and the other way (the same number of people hired from a smaller labor pool). When people give up on looking for work, the labor pool shrinks. And this is where we find ourselves now: Last quarter’s hiring was far below most analysts’ expectations, and the last time we saw a labor force participation rate this low (62.4%), Saturday Night Fever was playing at the drive-in. As we’ve observed before, our economy is increasingly polarized, with winners and losers. Staying alive So while the labor market is, yes, alive, it’s not abundantly well. And it probably won’t get much better any time soon. Over the past 20 Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook The majority of private companies plan to hire in the next 12 months 4% Hire new workers Keep workforce the same Reduce headcount 40% 56% years of conducting our Trendsetter Barometer survey, we’ve found that what private-company executives tell us about their own hiring intentions is often a leading indicator of payroll changes at companies in general. This time, only 56% of Trendsetter executives say they plan to add jobs, a pretty dramatic drop from the second quarter’s 64 percent. And they don’t expect to add many jobs, at that, expecting to grow their workforces by an anemic 2.2%, below long-term averages. 10 Hiring Wage increases pick up the pace When we drill into this further, we see even more polarization: The product/manufacturing companies in our survey have been trimming their hiring plans (1.4%, down from 2.1% in the second quarter), while service companies are expanding theirs (4.3%, up from 3.8% last quarter). And as you might expect, these are different kinds of jobs. Nearly half of the service companies that are recruiting seek technology workers. To the extent that product/manufacturing companies are hiring anyone, their highest priority is to fill the blue collar ranks. For workers who do get hired by these companies, there may be better pay. Since mid-2008, private companies have kept their planned wage increases under 3%. But now, for the first time since the recession, private companies are saying they intend to raise wages above that mark, to 3.08%. “Even though our survey focuses on private companies, it has broader implications,” says PwC’s Margaret Young. “We’ve seen over time that Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook Trendsetter wage predictions have been a leading indicator of annual growth in the US employment cost index. So, there’s a good chance that wages will continue to inch upward in the larger workforce.” At the same time, however, 28% of Trendsetter executives told us that pressure for higher wages could limit business growth in the coming year, the highest percentage to say this since the recession. Pressure for more pay at the bottom of the scale tends to push up everyone’s wages; for companies in lowmargin industries, this can be a real challenge. Product companies, in particular, are concerned — 32%, up from 14% a year ago. But leading businesses also clearly understand that growth will be elusive without the right workers, and one way to attract and retain such workers is to pay them well. About one-quarter of our panel identified raising the minimum wage as an election issue that was of high importance to both the economy overall and their businesses in particular. Roughly one-quarter also said this about Less help wanted, but for more pay Which workers are most in demand? 56% of private companies plan to hire in the next year 18% of companies seek marketing & sales professionals 35% Planned workforce increase Today Prior quarter 2.2% 2.6% Planned wage increase Today Prior quarter 3.08% 2.97% reducing the cost of college and bringing more qualified workers to the US through immigration reform. Says the CFO of a software consulting firm, “We could grow more if we had better immigration laws. We get a lot of our people from India.” But twice as many Trendsetter companies (53%) of product companies seek blue collar workers 40% of service companies seek technology workers see long-term funding of Social Security and Medicare (what many people will rely once they’ve retired and said goodbye to their paycheck and benefits) the bigger — and looming) problem for the country. If it’s not resolved, it could crowd out many other spending priorities in the future. 11 International expansion “Trade agreements need to get signed and ratified. Congress and the President are moving too slowly.” —CFO, logistics services business Sales in foreign markets fall amid growing pessimism One of the biggest stories of the summer was the continued contagion in global markets, based on concerns that China’s economy might be weaker than expected. For an unfortunate illustration of the problem, consider Trendsetter companies’ own experience with international sales. A year ago, 5% of these businesses said their international business had fallen in the previous quarter. Now, the decliners have reached 20 percent. This is the highest level we’ve seen since the recession, and it confirms that the global economy is making real waves here at home, too. We noted earlier that 64% of all Trendsetter companies felt optimistic about the US economy last quarter. Curiously, companies with international sales were actually slightly more optimistic about the US economy than their domestic-only peers — but this masks a very big detail. Ask Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook Nearly half of Trendsetter private companies sell internationally 51% International markets United States only 12% Emerging markets* 49% Private-company revenue from international sales Market presence International markets generally Emerging markets* specifically Percentage of total revenues derived from international sales 18% 37% * Here, the term emerging markets refers to Brazil, China, and India only. 12 International expansion businesses who sell abroad, say, but have no emerging markets presence; two-thirds of them feel good about the US economy’s outlook. But if you ask businesses with exposure to China, India, or Brazil, less than half (48%) say this, down from 67% just three months earlier. Companies that sell in the emerging markets are different PwC’s Ken Esch explains: “For the first group – the companies that aren’t selling in emerging markets — international activity is often more of a sideline, representing just 12% of sales in the recent quarter. The Trendsetter companies that sell in emerging markets are a different story: Global sales are an essential part of what they do.” For example, with companies that have a sales presence in China, two of every five revenue dollars came from abroad last quarter. So the attitudes, investment choices, and hiring plans of these companies are closely tied to what they see outside the US. When they get worried about what they Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook see abroad, they easily extrapolate to the rest of the market. We’ve consistently made the case, however, that the companies with emerging markets exposure are in it for the long haul. True, their optimism has taken a hit; attitudes toward the US economy (67% " 48%) and the global economy (33% " 22%) have soured quickly. Revenue growth rates have declined too (11.7% " 9.7%), but those rates are still enviable for most other Trendsetter businesses. And while these emerging market Trendsetter companies are slamming on the brakes for major capital investments, they’re actually increasing their operating expenses. Not to mention that the percentage of these companies intending to spend more on new products and services has more than tripled since the second quarter. They also report higher planned spending on IT, facilities expansion, business acquisitions, and more. By contrast, other Trendsetter companies are retrenching in nearly every category. International companies plan to be more growth-focused than their peers over the next 12 months Plan major capital investments Plan increased spending on new product/service innovation Plan increased spending on R&D 34% 33% 21% 17% 15% 6% International Domestic only Percentages denote the number of companies planning these expenditures. The Trendsetter companies in the emerging markets group may also get some help from Washington, depending on how negotiations proceed. One-third of the companies we asked said fair-trade agreements with Asia really matter to their business. As the CFO of a transportation company told us, “The Trans Pacific Partnership agreement is critical for our Far East business.” But this clearly affects some companies more than others. Seeing as how nearly all candidates in both parties have expressed opposition to the trade deal, it’s too soon to know if these companies will get the help they want. 13 About this report Since 1995, PwC’s Trendsetter Barometer Business Outlook has tracked the views of top executive officers at privately held US businesses and the trends these reveal. This quarter, we spoke with 220 chief executive officers (CEOs/CFOs), including 130 from companies in the product sector and 90 in the service sector. How the Trendsetter companies break down • Products 59% –– Manufacturing 26% –– Trade/Distribution 15% –– All other 18% • Services 41% All (220) Product (130) Service (90) Average number of employees 1,110 1,365 741 Average enterprise revenues $392 million $474 million $273 million Five-year growth rate 71% 77% 63% Survey interviews were conducted by the independent research firm BSI Global Research, Inc. by phone between July 6, 2015 and October 7, 2015. The same companies are interviewed and tracked from quarter to quarter, with occasional changes to the survey population due to turnover. Trendsetter barometer – Business outlook 14 Trendsetter Barometer Outlook To find out more about private-company trends and to discuss the survey findings, please contact: Ken Esch Margaret Young Trendsetter Partner Sponsor ken.esch@pwc.com Partner, Private Company Services margaret.g.young@pwc.com About PwC’s Private Company Services Practice To see more charts and graphs, including those showing trends over a span of years, and to download the complete survey findings, go to our website: http://www.pwc.com/us/en/ private-company-services/ publications/pcs-trendsetterbarometer.jhtml Located in all major U.S. markets, PwC’s Private Company Services (PCS) is a national practice with more than 170 partners who provide tax, audit and advisory services especially for private companies, their owners and high net worth individuals. More than 60 percent of America’s largest private companies are PCS clients.* They span a broad range of sectors and industries, from manufacturing to retail, and industrial to professional services. A hallmark of PCS is a robust thought leadership program that provides clients with timely, thought-provoking information to help manage and grow their businesses and wealth. Visit us online at pwc.com/us/pcs * Forbes America’s Largest Private Companies 2015 © 2015 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. All rights reserved. In this document, “PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, which is a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited, each member firm of which is a separate legal entity. 85163-2016 15