Republic act 1425
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Was enacted on June 12, 1956 through the initiative of Sen. Jose P. Laurel
Executed by the National Commission on Education thirty days after its publication from the
“Official Gazette”
Mandates all private and public schools to include in their curricula the life and works of Dr. Jose
Rizal
To promote nationalism as exemplified through the life of the Filipino hero: our independence
and Filipino values should be included to the minds of the Filipino youth.
Factors in determining the greatness of a person (according to Xenophon)
a. Just
b. Patient
c. Courageous
d. Bearer of wisdom
e. Respectful
f. Nationalist
Rizal – “one of the greatest Filipino”
Criteria in choosing the Philippine national hero:
1. Filipino citizen
2. Patriot/nationalist
3. Has already been dead
4. Patient
Personalities nominated to be our national hero:
1. Marcelo H. del Pilar
2. Emilio Jacinto
3. Graciano Lopez-Jaena
4. Antonio Luna
Proclamation of Dr. Jose Rizal as our national hero paved the way to some issues such as:
1. He was the illegitimate son of Adolf Hitler
2. He should not be proclaimed as the national hero because of his cowardice to fight the
colonizers through revolution.
3. He was regarded as an “American-made hero”.
 First Philippine Commission was formed by the United States President headed by
the American Governor-General William Howard c. Taft.
 Declaration of Dr. Jose Rizal as our national hero was only their strategy to hinder
our nationalistic feelings.
International Events
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April 12, 1861
Issue on slavery was raised in American public arena; “Emancipation Proclamation” (Abraham
Lincoln)
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Benito Juarez was elected as the Mexican President.
 Emperor or Napoleon III decided to invade the state of Juarez failed to get military
support from the United States.
 Juarez still defended his state by organizing Indian and Mexican f fighters.
Emergences of Western imperialism(England)
Commodore Matthew C. Perry had forcibly re-opened Japan to the International community.
Holy father issued his decision with regard to the issue of sovereignity in Carolines and Palau
(Spain vs. Germany)
Italy and Germany had successfully united against France.
Spain concentrated her despotic rule in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines.
Local Events
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Philippine History
Emergence of political unrest in Spanish Politics.
 It started during the reign of King Ferdinand VII
 Spanish political instability resulted to frequent shifts of colonial policies and unfixed
terms of government officials in the Philippines.
Representation in Spanish Cortez
 Spanish Cortez- refers to the Spanish parliament
o The` Philippines was given the opportunity to have a representation in the
Spanish government/parliament (threatened by Napoleonic invasion).
o Isabelo delos Reyes – first Filipino representative
Deprivation of human rights to Filipinos
 Along with their adoption of the Spanish Constitution of 1812, the colonial Spain
deprived the rights of Filipino natives.
Corrupt Spanish official
 Spain’s government officials were classified into two groups:
1. Incompetent and corrupt official
2. Siglo de Oro ("Oro” means gold)
Inequality
Can be reflected through their colonial laws, codes and religion
Racial discrimination
 Example of inequality before the law
 Because of the “inferior” physical features of the Filipinos, racial prejudice was wide
spread in:
1. Military
2. Universities
3. Social circles
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Landlordism and Feudalism
RIZAL’S FAMILY
CHARACTERISTICS
Belongs to Principalia
A status that exempt them from rendering Polo
House Carriage
Library w/ 1000 volumes of books
The House of Rizal was popular in Calamba
A 2 storey building with rectangular shape that shows the simplicity of the lifestyle then
Its backyard has:
a. Poultry of turkey, Chicken
b. Garden of Tropical fruits such as Chico, Macopa, Papaya etc
Francisco Mercado 1818-1898
Born in Binan Laguna on May 11, 1818
A model father to Jose Rizal
Studied Latin and Philosophy at College of San Jose in Manila
A man of Dignity, self respect, seriousness and self possession
Dona Teodora Alonzo 1826-1911
Born on November 8, 1826 in Santa Cruz Manila
Educated at College of Santa Rosa
A talented and remarkable woman
A Mathematician and fluent is speaking Espanola
Admired and honoured by Rizal
Managing a Printing Press
Died in Manila on August 16,1911 (85)
Saturnina
1850-1913
Neneng
Married to Manuel Hidalgo
The Oldest, the most beautiful and business minded
Helpful to her brothers and sisters specially when Paciano runs out of money
Paciano
1851- 1930
Severina Decena (Mistress)
2nd in the family, Tall and white
Died Bachelor on 1930 at the age of 79
Narcisa
1852-1939
Sisa
Married to Antonio Lopez (Teacher)
This is where her Father and mother including Josefa and Trinidad reside
Olimpia
1855-1887
Ypia
Married to Sylvestre Ubaldo (Telegraph Operator)
Died in 1887 before the execution of JPR
Lucia
1857-1919
Married to Marciano Herbosa (Died of cholera)
Widow
Maria
1859- 1945
Biang
Married to Daniel Cruz
Separated from her husband
Has suffered a lot together with Choleng
Jose
1861-1896
Pepe
BORN: June 19, 1861 (Wednesday)
PLACE: Calamba, Laguna
BAPTISMAL: Baptized by Father Rufino Collantes (June 22, 1861)
GODFATHER: Father Pedro Casanas
Named after Saint Joseph where his mother was a devotee
7th Child
Concepcion Concha
1862-1865
Favourite Sister of Rizal who died 3 years after her birth
Josefa
1865-1945
The one who kept the alcohol lamp of JPR
Suffered from Epileptic
Trinidad
1868-1951
Trining
Spend thrift
Old Maid (83)
Soledad
1870-1929
Youngest
Married to Pantaleon Quintero
Also known as Choleng
Get married even without the consent of her family
RELATIONSHIP
The relationship among the siblings was warm and loving
Rizal Used to play with his sisters just like other ordinary boy
Paciano is not just his big brother but also like a brother to him who give him advices and teachings.
RACIAL COMPOSITION
Negrito
Indonesian
Malay
Chinese
Japanese
Spanish
ANCESTOR
As a Malayan, He had a good Asian Features, His ancestor in Father side was
Domingo Lamco- A Chinese immigrant from Fukien City, Changcow, China
Don Francisco Mercado Rizal when he was orphaned to his father and grow up with his mother
Dona Teodora Alonzo’s ancestor came from Lakandula of Tondo
She also has a Japanese blood through Eusebia Urusa who was married to Benigna
SURNAME
The Original Surname of Rizal clan was Mercado
This was used by Lamco in 1731
Rizal was given to them by a Spanish Alcalde Mayor