Practice Question for cellular Respiration 2015 1. Which of the following are components found in both types of fermentation? CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY. a. Carbon dioxide b. NADH c. Pyruvate d. Lactate 2. Where is a mitochondrion might you find the highest pH? a. Cristae b. Intermembrane space c. Mitochondrial matrix d. Outer membrane 3. Write the number of carbons in each of the following molecules. a. Acetyl Co-­‐A_______ b. Malate______ c. Succinate______ d. Citrate______ e. Oxaloacetate______ f. Pyruvate______ 4. The primary function of the electron transport chain is to… a. Create electrons b. Strip pyruvate of all it’s carbons to release energy c. Reduce Acetyl Co-­‐A to carbon dioxide d. Create a proton gradient e. None of the above 5. Which of the following are imbedded in the cristae of the mitochondria? Circle all that apply. a. ATP synthase b. Electron carrier proteins c. Phospholipids d. Water 6. Which of the following gains hydrogen atoms in cellular respiration? Circle all that apply. a. Oxygen b. Glucose c. Carbon dioxide d. ATP 7. In cellular respiration, ultimately, what becomes of the carbon atoms of glucose? a. Carbon dioxide b. Water c. They form a gradient d. They become ethanol Practice Question for cellular Respiration 2015 8. In what molecule are the hydrogen atoms of glucose placed at the end of cellular respiration? a. Carbon dioxide b. Water c. Pyruvate d. Dehydrogenase 9. Which of the following are needed for glycolysis to occur? Circle all that apply. a. Glucose b. Oxygen c. Dehydrogenase d. Pyruvate 10. Which of the following could limit the amount of ATP produced during glycolysis? Circle all that apply. a. The amount of sugar available b. The amount of pyruvate available c. The amount of NAD+ available d. The amount of carbon dioxide available 11. Breakdown of sugars without oxygen is known as _________________________ respiration. 12. What are the waste products of cellular respiration? 13. What type of meat on a chicken contains fast twitch muscle fibers? 14. What process supplies the organisms on earth with glucose? 15. Write out a simple unbalanced equation for cellular respiration. 16. What is most of the energy in your food used for? 17. What 2 gasses are exchanged in cellular respiration? 18. Specifically, where does cellular respiration occur? 19. Energy that is harnessed from glucose is stored in what molecule? 20. In cellular respiration, is glucose reduced or oxidized? Explain your answer. 21. Why do animals store energy in the form of fats instead of in the form of polysaccharides? 22. The lack of oxygen in cellular respiration causes a back up in what energy storage molecules? 23. Put in order of the process that creates the most ATP to the one that creates the least amount of ATP. Citric acid cycle; chemiosmosis; alcohol fermentation including glycolysis; Prep RXN for pyruvate. 24. What are the products of alcohol fermentation? Practice Question for cellular Respiration 2015 25. In lactic acid fermentation, is lactate oxidized or reduced? Explain your reasoning. 26. ______________________________ can make ATP by either aerobic respiration or anaerobic respiration. 27. Sloane and Eryn decided that they were going to try and make some alcoholic cider. They bought 3 gallons of cider and some yeast. They poured it all in a big jug and sealed it. They let it sit for a few hours and noticed that bubbles were coming out of the yeast and cider mixture. When the bubbling stopped they tried out their “brew” but instead of tasting alcohol, all they got was rotten cider. Suggest a potential reason for what went wrong with their set up. 28. Would the presence of carbon dioxide be a good indicator to use to test if yeast were in an aerobic or anaerobic environment? Explain your answer. 29. Explain how a gradient is a form of energy. 30. What is the total number of NADH molecules formed from the breakdown of one glucose molecule? 31. In the citric acid cycle how many carbon dioxide molecules are created from one glucose molecule? 32. What is the ultimate role of oxygen in regards to cellular respiration? Use a diagram to show where oxygen is consumed. 33. How many ATP are created in the citric acid cycle from one glucose molecule? 34. How many ATP are input into the citric acid cycle to get it to start? 35. In the electron transport chain is NADH oxidized or reduced. Explain your answer. 36. Molly just answered another question correctly in class and got another Tootsie Roll! That Tootsie Roll has a great deal of sugar in it, which provides Molly with the energy she needs to be super-­‐
successful in biology! When Molly’s cells break down that sugar, how do the by-­‐products of that breakdown eventually leave her body? 37. In glycolysis, how many pyruvate molecules are produced from one glucose molecule? 38. In glycolysis, how many molecules of NADH are produced from one glucose molecule? 39. In glycolysis, how many gross ATP are made from one molecule of glucose? 40. In the Prep RXN of pyruvate, what is oxidized and what is reduced? 41. Where does glycolysis occur? Practice Question for cellular Respiration 2015 42. In what molecule do the electrons released from NADH that move into the electron transport chain end up? 43. In glycolysis, what is oxidized and what is reduced? 44. Pyruvate is “prepped” before it enters the citric acid cycle. What molecule actually enters the citric acid cycle? 45. What are all the products of glycolysis? 46. What process allows pyruvate to enter the mitochondria? 47. What is gained in an oxidation reaction? 48. Explain what parts of cellular respiration saturated triglycerides can be used in and how they are processed to enter these reactions. 49. What effect would the absence of oxygen have on cellular respiration? Be specific in where oxygen is needed and what molecules are affected. 50. What is the main function of fermentation? 51. Can excess carbohydrates be converted to amino acids? If so, explain how this would occur and what elements must be added to create these amino acids? 52. In glycolysis, what is oxidized and what is reduced? 53. In glycolysis, how many pyruvate molecules are produced from one glucose molecule? 54. In glycolysis, how many molecules of NADH are produced from one glucose molecule? 55. In glycolysis, how many gross ATP are made from one molecule of glucose? 56. In the grooming of pyruvate, what is oxidized and what is reduced? 57. Where does glycolysis occur? 58. In what molecule do the electrons released from NADH that move into the electron transport chain end up? 59. In glycolysis, what is oxidized and what is reduced? 60. Pyruvate is “groomed” before it enters the citric acid cycle. What molecule actually enters the citric acid cycle?