st 1 1 Continental Congress 2 3 2 nd Continental Congress Bunker Hill 4 Continental Army 5 George Washington 6 Lexington & Concord Loyalists/Tories Olive Branch Petition 7 8 9 Patriots/Rebels 10 Saratoga 11 Thomas Jefferson 12 Treaty of Paris of 1783 13 Valley Forge 14 Yorktown 15 Common Sense 16 Declaration of Independence Ch. 4 ‐ American Revolution Vocabulary (1774) A meeting of colonial delegates in Philadelphia to decide how to respond to the closing of Boston Harbor, increased taxes, and abuses of authority by the British government. (1775) A meeting of colonial delegates in Philadelphia to decide how to react to fighting at Lexington and Concord. (1775) A Revolutionary War battle in Boston that demonstrated that colonists could fight well against the British army. The army created by the Second Continental Congress in 1775 to defend the American colonies from Britain. Revolutionary War hero and Patriot leader; he served as a representative to the Continental Congresses, commanded the Continental Army, and was unanimously elected to 2 terms as president of the United States. (April 19, 1775) First shots fired between American and British troops; the “shot heard around the world.” Colonists who sided with Britain in the American Revolution. (1775) Letter to King George III asking him to address the colonies’ complaints; the last attempt by the Second Continental Congress to avoid war with Britain. Colonists who fought for independence from Great Britain during the Revolutionary War. (1777) A Revolutionary War battle in New York that resulted in a major defeat of British troops; the turning point of the Revolution. American statesman and member of two Continental Congresses, chairman of the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, the Declaration’s main author and one of its signers, and the 3 rd president of the United States. A peace agreement that officially ended the Revolutionary War and established British recognition of the independence of the United States. Headquarters of the Continental Army under George Washington from December 1777 to June 1778; soldiers suffered from severe winter weather. (1781) The last major battle of the Revolutionary War; site of British general Charles Cornwallis’s surrender to the Patriots in Virginia. New TCAP Terms (1776) A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that criticized monarchies and convinced many American colonists to break away from Britain. (July 4, 1776) The document written to declare the colonies free from British rule.