2
Matching
Choose the most appropriate answer for each term.
1. ___radiometric dating
2. __atoms
3.
__protons
4.
__trace element
5. __neutrons
6. __electrons
7. __radioactive decay
8.__atomic number
9. __mass number
10. __elements
11. __isotope
12. __radioisotopes
13. __tracer
14. __half-life
A. Unions between the electron structures of atoms
B.
Radioisotopes used with scintillation counters to reveal the pathway or destination of a substance
C.
Subatomic particles with a negative charge
D.
Positively charged subatomic particles within the nucleus
E.
The time it takes for half of the nuclei in a given amount of a radioactive element to decay into a different element
F.
Method used to measure proportions of isotopes in a rock-trapped mineral and the daughter isotopes formed in the same rock
G.
Atoms of a given element that differ in the number of neutrons
H.
Spontaneous process that transforms an unstable atom into a different isotope
I.
Refers to the number of protons in an atom
J.
Radioactive isotopes
K.
Chemical elements representing less than 0.01 percent of body weight
L.
Destroys or impairs living cancer cells
M.
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of one atom nucleus
N.
Fundamental forms of matter that occupy space, have mass, and cannot be broken down into something else
O.
Smallest units that retain the properties of a given element
P.
Subatomic particles within the nucleus carrying no charge
15.
__chemical bonds
16.
__radiation therapy
Matching
Choose the one best answer for each.
1. ___mixture
2. __shells
3. __lowest energy level
4. __inert
5. __ orbitals
6.
__compounds
7.
__ molecule
8. __ higher energy levels
A. Regions of space around an atom's nucleus where electrons are likely to be at anyone instant
B.
Results when two or more atoms bond together
C.
Two or more elements are simply intermingling in proportions that usually vary
D.
A series of orbitals arranged around the nucleus
E.
Types of molecules composed of two or more different elements in proportions that never vary
F.
Energy of electrons farther from the nucleus than the first or~ital .
G.
Refers to atoms with no vacancies in their shells, hence showing little tendency to enter chemical reactions
H.
Energy of electrons in the orbital closest to the nucleus

3. Diagram a NEUTRAL atom of Fluorine (Atomic Number: 9; Atomic Mass: 19) showing protons, neutrons, and electrons.
4. Diagram the atom of fluorine again and this time make it STABLE. What is its valence?
5. Distinguish between the following AND give an example of each:
A ionic bond
B. nonpolar covalent bond
C. polar covalent bond
D. hydrogen bond
6.
The hydrogen bond formed between water molecules gives specific characteristics to water.
List these properties that are unique to water.

Matching
Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
1.
_acid stomach
2.
_acids
3.
_pH scale
4.
_chemical burns
5. _H+
6.
_bases
7.
_examples of basic solutions
8.
_coma
9. _acidosis
10. _OH-
11.
_tetany
12.
_examples of acid solutions
13.
_alkalosis
14.
_buffer system
A. A sometimes irreversible state of unconsciousness
B.
CO
2
builds up in the blood, too much H
2
C0
3
forms and blood pH severely decreases
C.
Hydroxide ion
D.
Substances that accept H+ when dissolved in water
E.
An uncorrected increase in blood pH
F.
Used to measure H+ concentration in various fluids
G.
A partnership between a weak acid and the base that forms when it dissolves in water; counters slight pH shifts
H.
Hydrogen ion or proton
T. Baking soda, seawater, egg white
J.
Can be caused by ammonia, drain cleaner, and sulfuric acid in car batteries
K.
Substances that donate H+ when dissolved in water
L.
Lemon juice, gastric fluid, coffee
M.
Can be caused by eating too much fried chicken or certain other foods
N.
A potentially lethal pH stage in which the body's skeletal muscles enter a state of uncontrollable contraction
_ 1. Each element has a unique ______________ _ which refers to the number of protons present in its atoms. a.
isotope b.
mass number c.
atomic number d.
radioisotope
_ 5. A hydrogen bond is __________ _ a.
a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen nucleus and an oxygen nucleus b.
a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen nucleus and either an oxygen or a nitrogen nucleus c.
formed when a small electronegative atom of a molecule weakly interacts with a hydrogen atom that is already participating in a polar covalent bond d.
none of the above
_ 2. A molecule is a.
a combination of two or more atoms b.
less stable than its constituent atoms separated c.
electrically charged d.
a carrier of one or more extra neutrons
_ 3. If lithium has an atomic number of 3 and an atomic mass of 7, it has ______________ neutron(s) in its nucleus. a.
one b.
two c.
three d.
four e.
seven
_ 4. Substances that are nonpolar and repelled by water are ________ _ a.
hydrolyzed b.
nonpolar c.
hydrophilic d.
hydrophobic
_ 6. An ionic bond is one in which ___________ _ a.
electrons are shared equally b.
electrically neutral atoms have a mutual attraction c.
two charged atoms have a mutual attraction due to electron transfer d.
electrons are shared unequally
_ 7. A covalent bond is one in which _________ _ a.
electrons are shared b.
electrically neutral atoms have a mutual attraction c.
two charged atoms have a mutual attraction due to electron transfer d.
electrons are lost