1. Heterotrophs obtain energy from a. the sun b. oxygen c. other living organisms d. water
2. Plants are called autotrophs because a. they reproduce themselves b. they produce their own food c. they reproduce asexually d. they are capable of cellular respiration
3. The universal currency of energy in living organisms is a. chlorophyll b. carbohydrates c. sunlight d. ATP
4. Two methods of obtaining energy from glucose are a. eating and digesting b. photosynthesis and active transport c. respiration and digestion d. glycolysis and cellular respiration
5. How much ATP is used by a long distance runner per minute? a. a pound or more b. two ounces c. five ounces d. four pounds
6. What cellular energy producing reaction doesn't require oxygen? a. glycolysis b. anaerobic synthesis reaction c. neutralization reaction d. cellular respiration

7. What reaction has a chemical equation that is the opposite of cellular respiration? a. neutralization reaction b. glycolysis c. photosynthesis d. endothermic synthesis reaction
8. Anaerobic means a. underwater b. without oxygen c. without ATP d. through respiration
9. Glycolysis means a. to break apart glucose b. to make energy c. to assemble glucose d. to live without oxygen
10. During glucose activation, glucose is converted into a. lactic acid b. fructose diphosphate c. adenosine diphosphate d. alcohol
11. How many molecules of ATP are released in the reaction that changes one PGAL molecule to pyruvic acid? a. two b. one c. four d. thirty-four
12. What is produced when muscle cells convert pyruvic acid to lactic acid? a. water b. ATP c. NADH d. NAD+
13. In humans where is lactic acid changed back to pyruvic acid? a. mitochondria

b. the liver c. the cytoplasm d. the bloodstream
14. What are the products of alcohol fermentation? a. water and oxygen b. carbon dioxide and carbohydrates c. alcohol and carbon dioxide d. hydrogen and ATP
15. In what organelle does cellular respiration take place? a. in Golgi bodies b. in mitochondria c. in the nuclei of cells d. in the cytoplasm of cells
16. How do pyruvic molecules cross the mitochondrial membranes? a. by releasing energy b. through large pores c. by special proteins d. both b and c
17. What happens to pyruvic acid molecules in the mitochondrial matrix? a. they combine with ATP molecules b. they split into carbon dioxide and an acetyl group c. they split into water and carbon dioxide d. they combine with lactic acid
18. Products of the Krebs cycle include a. water, oxygen and hydrochloric acid b. lipids and proteins c. acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, NADH d. carbon dioxide and glucose
19. What is transported by carrier molecules to the inner mitochondrial membrane? a. glucose b. hydrogen ions c. oxygen d. energetic electrons

20. What is the purpose of the energy transport system? a. to pump hydrogen ions into the intermembrane compartment b. to pump hydrogen ions out of the cell c. to pump energy out of the cell d. to assemble water molecules
21. What do enzymes attached to channel proteins in the mitochondria use energy for? a. make ATP b. make NADH c. make glucose d. make more proteins
22. How many ATP molecules are made for every two glucose molecules broken down via glycolysis? a. four b. thirty-two c. sixty d. two
23. How many ATP molecules are made for every two glucose molecules broken down via cellular respiration? a. four b. thirty-four to thirty-six c. sixty d. two
24. Scientists speculate that the mitochondria found in eukaryotic cells originated from where? a. bacteria b. flower buds c. pyruvic acid molecules d. ATP molecules
25. What is some of the evidence that supports the endosymbiotic hypothesis? a. mitochondria and bacteria are similar in size b. mitochondria and bacteria each have their own DNA c. mitochondria and bacteria reproduce themselves d. all of the above

12. d
13. b
14. c
15. b
16. d
7. c
8. b
9. a
10. b
11. a
1. c
2. b
3. d
4. d
5. a
6. a
17. b
18. c
19. d
20. a
21. a
22. d

23. b
24. a
25. d