Type
TABLE 12.7
Structural
Particles
Dispersion forces
Covalent bonds
Electrostatic
attractions
Metallic bonds
Intermolecular
Forces
Characteristics of Crystalline Solids
Low to moderate melting points;
soluble in some polar and some
nonpolar solvents
Soft; extremely low to moderate
melting points (depending on molar
mass); sublime in some cases;
soluble in some nonpolar solvents
Most are very hard and either sublime
or melt at very high temperatures;
most are nonconductors of electricity
Hard; moderate to very high melting
points; nonconductors as solids,
but good electric conductors as
liquids; many are soluble in polar
solvents like water
Hardness varies from soft to very
hard; melting point varies from
low to very high; lustrous; ductile;
malleable; very good conductors
of heat and electricity
Typical Properties
(CH 3)2O, CHCl3 ,
HCl
He, Ar, H 2 , CO2 ,
CCl4 , CH 4 , I 2
C (diamond),
C (graphite),
SiC, AlN, SiO2
NaCl, MgO,
NaNO3
Na, Mg, Al, Fe,
Sn, Cu, Ag, W
Examples
Polar
Molecular
Nonpolar
Network
covalent
Ionic
Metallic
Cations and
delocalized
electrons
Dispersion forces
and dipole–dipole
attractions
H 2O, NH 3
Polar molecules
Atoms
or nonpolar
molecules
Atoms
Cations
and anions
Hydrogen bonds
HydrogenBonded
Molecules with
H bonded to
N, O, or F
AABJSWV0
©2007 by Prentice Hall, Inc.
A Pearson Company
Low to moderate melting points;
soluble in some hydrogen-bonded
solvents and some polar solvents
Figure Number: 12 T07