APUSH Period 6 Jenson/Walseth
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1.
American
Federation of
Labor
1886; founded by Samuel Gompers; sought
better wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled
laborers, arose out of dissatisfaction with the
Knights of Labor, rejected socialist and
communist ideas, non-violent.
2.
Andrew
Carnegie
A business man that increased his power
through by gaining control of the many
different businesses that make up all phases
of steel production development.
3.
Big Business
Term used to describe the corporations and
monopolies since the industrial revolution of
the late 1800s.
Booker T.
Washington
A former slave, he suggested that African
Americans accept segregation-for now,
instead focus on vocational and farming skills
to help improve their situation.
4.
5.
Business
Consolidation
merges many smaller companies into much
larger ones.
6.
Chinese
Exclusion Act
(1882) Denied any additional Chinese
laborers to enter the country while allowing
students and merchants to immigrate.
7.
Conspicuous
Consumption
Buying and using products because of the
"statement" they make about social position
or to flaunt wealth
8.
Dawes Act
1887 law which gave all Native American
males 160 acres to farm and also set up
schools to make Native American children
more like other Americans
9.
Elizabeth
Cady Stanton
(1815-1902) A suffragette who, with Lucretia
Mott, organized the first convention on
women's rights, held in Seneca Falls, New
York in 1848. Issued the Declaration of
Sentiments which declared men and women
to be equal and demanded the right to vote
for women. Co-founded the National
Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B.
Anthony in 1869.
10.
Exodusters
the African Americans migrating to the Great
Plains state (ie: Kansas & Oklahoma) in 1879
to escape conditions in the South
11.
Ghost Dance
A ritual the Sioux performed to bring back
the buffalo and return the Native American
tribes to their land.
12.
Gilded Age
A name for the late 1800s, coined by Mark
Twain to describe the tremendous
increase in wealth caused by the
industrial age and the ostentatious
lifestyles it allowed the very rich. The great
industrial success of the U.S. and the
fabulous lifestyles of the wealthy hid the
many social problems of the time,
including a high poverty rate, a high crime
rate, and corruption in the government.
13.
Gospel of
Wealth
This was a book written by Carnegie that
described the responsibility of the rich to
be philanthropists. This softened the
harshness of Social Darwinism as well as
promoted the idea of philanthropy.
14.
The Grange
"Patrons of Husbandry"; organization for
American farmers that encourages farm
families to band together for their
common economic and political well-being
15.
Haymarket Riot
100,000 workers rioted in Chicago. After
the police fired into the crowd, the
workers met and rallied in Haymarket
Square to protest police brutality. A bomb
exploded, killing or injuring many of the
police. The Chicago workers and the man
who set the bomb were immigrants, so the
incident promoted anti-immigrant
feelings.
16.
Homestead Act
1862 - Provided free land in the West to
anyone willing to settle there and develop
it. Encouraged westward migration.
17.
Homestead
Strike
1892 steelworker strike near Pittsburgh
against the Carnegie Steel Company. Ten
workers were killed in a riot when "scab"
labor was brought in to force an end to
the strike.
18.
Ida WellsBarnett
an early leader in the civil rights
movement. She documented the extent of
lynching in the United States, and was also
active in the women's rights movement
and the women's suffrage movement.
19.
Industrialization
Caused a shift from an economy based on
farming to an economy based on
manufacturing by machines in factories
20.
Interstate
Commerce Act
Established the ICC (Interstate Commerce
Commission) - monitors the business
operation of carriers transporting goods
and people between states - created to
regulate railroad prices
21.
Jane
Addams
1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House
Movement. First American Woman to earn
Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of
Women's Intenational League for Peace and
Freedom., the founder of Hull House, which
provided English lessons for immigrants,
daycares, and child care classes
22.
John D.
Rockefeller
Aggressive energy-industry monopolist who
used tough means to build a trust based on
"horizontal integration"
23.
J.P. Morgan
-was an American financier, banker,
philanthropist and art collector who dominated
corporate finance and industrial consolidation
during his time
24.
Knights of
Labor
1st effort to create National union. Open to
everyone but lawyers and bankers. Vague
program, no clear goals, weak leadership and
organization.
25.
LaissezFaire
Economics
Theory that opposes governmental
interference in economic affairs beyond what is
necessary to protect life and property., Hands
off approach to government; the government
should not interfere in the economy
National
American
Women
Suffrage
Association
Association Founded by Susan B. Anthony in
1890, this organization worked to secure women
the right to vote. While some suffragists urged
militant action, it stressed careful organization
and peaceful lobbying. By 1920 it had nearly
two million members.
26.
27.
New South
Concept promoted by Southerners in the late
1800s that the South had changed dramatically
and was now interested in industrial growth
and becoming a part of the national economy. A
large textile industry did develop in the South
beginning in the 1880s.
28.
People's
(Populist)
Party
U.S. political party formed in 1892 representing
mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver
and government control of railroads and other
monopolies
29.
Plessy v.
Ferguson
a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized
state ordered segregation so long as the facilities
for blacks and whites were equal
30.
Political
Machines
Corrupt organized groups that controlled
political parties in the cities. A boss leads the
machine and attempts to grab more votes for
his party.
31.
Pullman
Strike
1894 - nonviolent strike (brought down the
railway system in most of the West) at the
Pullman Palace Car Co. over wages - Prez.
Cleveland shut it down because it was
interfering with mail delivery
32.
Sand Creek
Massacre
(1864) U.S. Army's killing of about 150
Cheyenne elderly, women and children
at the Sand Creek Reservation in
Colorado Territory.
33.
Settlement
Houses
Community service centers established
by reformers to confront the problem of
urban poverty.
34.
Sherman
Antitrust Act
1890 - A federal law that committed the
American government to opposing
monopolies, it prohibits contracts,
combinations and conspiracies in
restraint of trade.
35.
Sierra Club
America's oldest and largest grassroots
environmental organization founded in
1892 in San Fransisco, Cali first President
was John Muir group was pushed by the
wealthy bc they wanted to conserve the
nature (despite all the land the already
own and "corrupted") for their later
generations
36.
Social
Darwinism
The application of ideas about evolution
and "survival of the fittest" to human
societies - particularly as a justification for
their imperialist expansion.
37.
Social Gospel
Movement
A 19th century reform movement based
on the belief that Christians have a
responsibility to help improve working
conditions and alleviate poverty
38.
Subsidy
A money payment or other form of aid
that the government gives to a person or
organization.
39.
Tariffs
A tax on foreign goods to protect domestic
industries and earn revenue.
40.
Transcontinental
Railroad
A railroad that connected the eastern
United States with the western United
States. The railroad firmly bonded the
West Coast with the Union, created a
trade route to the Far-East, and helped
the western expansion.
41.
Turner's Thesis
argued that the American character was
shaped by the existance of the frontier
and the way Americans interacted and
developed the frontier, he felt that the
frontier encouraged individualism and
democracy
42.
Urbanization
City building and the movement of
people to cities
43.
W.E.B. Dubois
1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard,
encouraged blacks to resist systems of
segregation and discrimination, helped
create NAACP in 1910.
44.
Women's Christian Temperance
Union
Women's organization founded by reformer Frances Willard and others to oppose alcohol
consumption
45.
Wounded Knee
1890 U.S. cavalry slaughter of Native Americans marketing the end of the Indian Wars on the
Great Plain