17817 Davenport Rd., Suite 225, Dallas, Tx Tel: +1 972 735 0101
Validation of Encryption Devices Over BGAN
US Centric for Inmarsat Release
(AOR Testing – Packet Switched Encryptors)
Prepared by:
Greg True
Martin O’Briskie
January 29, 2007
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Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Executive Summary
Introduction
Reference Documents
Encryptors to be Tested
Glossary – List of Abbreviations
Packet Switch Type-1 Encryption Testing via BGAN I-4
6.1
Equipment required for PS Type-1 Configuration
6.2
Equipment Settings for PS Type-1 Configuration
6.3
Test Results for GD KG-175 Mini-Taclane
6.3.1 Test Results w/Thrane 500 and KG-175B
6.3.2 Test Results w/Hughes 9201 and KG-175B
6.4
Test Results for ViaSat KG-250
6.4.1 Test Results w/Thrane 500 and KG-250
6.4.2 Test Results w/Hughes 9201 and KG-250
6.5
Mobile-to-Mobile BGAN Operation and ViaSat KG-250
6.6
Test Results for the GD KG-235
6.6.1 Test Results w/Thrane 500 and KG-235
6.6.2 Test Results w/Hughes 9201 and KG-235
Thales DC2K IP Encryption and GRE Tunnel
7.1
Equipment required for DC2K via GRE Tunnel Configuration
7.2
Equipment Settings for DC2K PS non-Type-1 Configuration
7.3
Test Results for non-Type-1 Thales DC2K
7.3.1 Test Results w/Thrane 500 and DC2K
7.3.2 Test Results w/Hughes 9201 and DC2K
Summary of Test Data
8.1
Summary of Thrane Explorer 500 Test Data
8.2
Summary of Hughes 9210 Test Data
Encryptor Working Configurations
Summary of Test Results
4
5
5
5
6
7
7
7
8
8
9
11
11
12
13
14
14
15
16
16
16
17
17
18
19
19
19
20
21
Figures
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Packet Switch Encryption Testing via BGAN I-4 Configuration
BGAN Thrane 500 UT to Thrane 500 UT (Mobile-to-Mobile)
GRE PS Testing via BGAN I-4 Configurations for DC2K
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13
16
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Tables
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
Table 6
Table 7
Table 8
Table 9
Table 10
Table 11
Table 12
Table 13
Table 14
Table 15
Table 16
Table 17
Table 18
Table 19
Table 20
Table 21
Table 22
Encryptors to be tested
Thrane UT Baseline Data Test Card w/o KG-175
Thrane UT and KG-175B Test Card (MTU=800)
Thrane UT and KG-175B Test Card (MTU=1184)
Thrane UT and KG-175B Test Card (MTU=1424)
Hughes UT Baseline Data Test Card w/o KG-175
Hughes UT and KG-175B Test Card
Thrane UT Baseline Data Test Card w/o KG-250
Thrane UT and KG-250 Test Card
Hughes UT Baseline Data Test Card w/o KG-250
Hughes UT and KG-250 Test Card
Thrane 500 UT to Thrane 500 UT and KG-250 Test Card
Thrane UT Baseline Data Test Card w/o KG-235
Thrane UT and KG-235 Test Card
Hughes UT Baseline Data Test Card w/o KG-235
Hughes UT and KG-235 Test Card
Thrane UT GRE Tunnel Baseline Data Test Card w/o DC2K
Thrane UT and DC2K via GRE Tunnel Test Card
Hughes UT GRE Tunnel Baseline Data Test Card w/o DC2K
Hughes UT and DC2K via GRE Tunnel Test Card
Summary of Thrane Explorer 500 Test Data
Summary of Hughes 9201 Test Data
5
8
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
14
14
15
15
17
17
18
18
19
19
Appendix
A
B
Cisco Configuration for GRE Tunnels for Thrane 500 UT
Cisco Configuration for GRE Tunnels for Hughes 9201 UT
23
26
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Executive Summary
This report is a continuation of the Interim Phase C “Validation of Encryption Devices
over BGAN US Centric” report submitted on March 23, 2006. During this current phase
of the project direct access to the BGAN network via the AOR I-4 satellite was possible.
As before, the primary objective of this study was to verify that USG Type-1 encryption
equipment functions properly over the Inmarsat BGAN satellite network.
The four packet switched encryptors being evaluated were the General Dynamics KG175B Mini-Taclane, the General Dynamics KG-235, the ViaSat AltaSec KG-250 and the
Thales DC2K. The L3 KG-240 Red Eagle IP encryptor and circuit switched encryptors
will be detailed in a future report. From the extensive testing performed via the AOR I-4
Inmarat BGAN satellite network there appears to be no impediment for the proper use of
these encryptors.
This report documents the BGAN satellite testing that has been performed via the Thrane
Explorer 500 and Hughes 9201 UT and the above IP encryptors. It should be noted that
all BGAN testing was performed using background class IP. No streaming class IP tests
are included in this report. No Performance Enhancing Proxy (PEP) software was used
to accelerate data throughput speeds in this report. See Figure 1 for an overview of the
BGAN with Type-1 encryption testing network.
The KG-175B, KG-235 and KG-250 Type-1 IP encryptors were tested with direct
connection to the BGAN terminal. However, the Thales DC2K non-Type-1 IP
encryptors would not exchange encryption keys properly without running within a Cisco
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel. The GRE tunnel setup and associated
DC2K testing with the GRE tunnel is discussed in section 7. It should be noted that
although the Type 1 encryptors under test did not require an intermediary router to
operate the user needs to check with their local network security personnel to verify
Transec/COMSEC requirements. U.S. Government users may contact AOS for a
restricted version of this report that details the configuration settings for all Type-1
encyptors used in this report.
The BGAN data throughput rates were measured by using a DOS FTP script developed
by Inmarsat’s engineering staff. The script provided an automated FTP program that
downloaded and uploaded ten 1MB, 3MB and 5MB JPEG files. The 3MB test results
have been recorded in this report. To minimize the size of this report all data throughput
tests have been condensed to show minimum, maximum and average data rates. The
standard deviation was provided for all data kilobit-per-second (Kbps) readings to give
the reader a better idea of what data fluctuations took place during the specific data
transfer.
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2
Introduction
AOS, Inc. was contracted to assess the interoperability between BGAN services and a
range of existing and future cryptographic equipment typically used by the US
Government. This contract specifically addresses encryption testing via Inmarsat’s AOR
I-4 BGAN satellite.
3
Reference Documents
See Inmarsat Contract No. INM/06-4198/JB
4
Encryptors to be tested
Manufacturer
Available
Tested this
Report
Circuit Switched Data - ISDN UDI
STE
KIV7
OmniXi
STUIII Model 1100
Sectera Wireline
L3
SafeNet
L3
AT&T
General Dynamics
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Packet Switched Services
DC2K IP Encryptor *
KG-175B Mini-Taclane
KG-235 Sectera INE
KG-250
KG-240 Red Eagle
Thales
General Dynamics
General Dynamics
ViaSat
L3
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
TBD
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Encryption Equipment
*Non type-1 variant to be tested
Table 1 – Encryptors to be tested
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5
Glossary – List of Abbreviations
AES
BGAN
CEF
CN
COMSEC
CS
FNBDT
FTP
IOS
HSD
IP
IPSec
ISDN
HAIPIS
HTTP
HTTPS
Kbps
MB
MMI
MTU
PEP
PIX
PS
POTS
RTT
STE
SBU
SDM
SOW
SP
STU
TCP
UT
USG
VPN
Advanced Encryption Standard
Broadband Global Area Network
Cisco Express Forwarding
Core Network
Communications Security
Circuit Switched
Future Narrow Band Digital Terminal
File Transfer Protocol
Internetwork Operating System (Cisco)
High Speed Data
Internet Protocol
IP Security Protocols
Integrated Services Digital Network
High Assurance IP Interoperability Specifications
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTP Secure
Kilo Bits Per Second
Megabyte
Man Machine Interface
Maximum Transmission Unit
Performance Enhancing Proxy
Private Internet Exchange (Cisco)
Packet Switched
Plain Old Telephone Service
Round Trip Time
Secure Terminal Equipment
Sensitive but Unclassified
System Definition Manual
Statement of Work
Service Provider
Secure Telephone Unit
Transmission Control Protocol
User Terminal
United States Government
Virtual Private Network
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6
Packet Switched Encryption Equipment Testing via BGAN I-4
Single satellite hop (Ping RTT delay 950ms to 1300ms)
The Packet Switched (PS) test arrangement is configured as in Figure 1 below:
Figure 1 – Packet Switched Encryption Equipment Testing via BGAN I-4 Configuration
6.1
The equipment required for this Packet Switched configuration is:
2 each IP Encryptors (KG-175, KG-235 and KG-250)
1 each Computer with Windows XP Pro SP2 w/DOS FTP script (Client PC)
1 each Computer with Linux FC4 Samba ProFTPD (Server PC)
1 each T1 high speed Internet connections with static IP’s
1 each HNS 9201 and Thrane Explorer 500 BGAN UT’s with static IP’s
2 each BGAN SIM cards. Inmarsat provided airtime for testing
Used DOS FTP script for all 3MB data transfers
6.2
Equipment Settings for Figure 1:
Thrane Explorer UT set for ‘Modem Mode’ operation
Client/Server computer MTU settings at 1400 unless noted otherwise
Encryptor settings: See ‘Encryptor Working Configurations’ on page 20 and Tables
See above Figure 1 for IP address scheme
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6.3
Test results for the KG-175B (Mini-Taclane) Type-1 encryptor are reported
below.
6.3.1
Thrane Explorer 500 UT Baseline Testing without KG-175B:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
76.14
66.60
72.54
330.56
377.92
348.21
21.1
113.23
88.25
96.76
217.04
278.48
257.76
28.8
Test Notes: Baseline Tests
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06 in modem mode
Test Set started at: 2006 10 27 15:30:23
Test Iterations: 3
Table 2 – Thrane Explorer 500 UT Baseline Data Test Card without KG-175B Encryptor
Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-175B testing (KG-175B MTU set to 800):
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
259.48
100.54
200.40
96.96
250.32
139.60
55.1
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
221.90
94.00
119.52
113.44
267.68
224.72
47.8
Test Notes:
Encryptor - GD KG-175B Mini-Taclane Type 1 IP encryptor with MTU size set to 800; Rel
R3.1V4
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06 in modem mode
Test Set started at: 2006 10 26 18:48:14
Test Iterations: 10
Table 3 – Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-175B Test Card (KG-175B MTU set to 800)
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Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-175 testing (KG-175B MTU set to 1184):
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
183.64
191.98
232.49
46.32
131.12
101.64
25.5
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
220.76
93.22
112.76
114.00
269.92
238.24
46.6
Test Notes:
Encryptor - GD KG-175B Mini-Taclane Type 1 IP encryptor with MTU size set to 1184; Rel
R3.1V4
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06 in modem mode
Test Set started at: 2006 10 26 22:20:37
Test Iterations: 10
Table 4 - Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-175B Test Card (KG-175B MTU set to 1184)
Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-175 testing (KG-175B MTU set to 1424):
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
100.99
94.70
96.81
249.20
265.76
260.08
5.8
117.64
94.12
100.17
213.92
267.36
252.96
19.8
Test Notes:
Encryptor - GD KG-175B Mini-Taclane IP encryptor with MTU size set to 1424 (Max); Rel
R3.1v4
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06 in modem mode
Test Set started at: 2006 10 26 23:54:07
Test Iterations: 10
Table 5 - Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-175B Test Card (KG-175B MTU set to 1424)
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6.3.2
Hughes 9201 UT Baseline Testing without KG-175B Encryptor:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
59.55
59.46
59.50
Test Notes: Baseline Testing
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 10 27 13:07:44
422.56
423.20
422.96
0.3
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
147.66
92.07
110.84
170.40
273.36
238.32
48.0
Test Iterations: 3
Table 6 – Hughes 9201 UT Baseline Data Test Card without KG-175B Encryptor
Hughes 9201 UT and KG-175 Encryptor testing:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
94.67
93.23
93.81
265.84
269.92
268.24
1.3
126.53
93.58
102.28
198.88
268.96
248.64
24.4
Test Notes:
Encryptor - GD KG-175B Mini-Taclane IP encryptor with MTU size set to 1424 (max); Rel
R3.1v4
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 10 27 13:55:23
Test Iterations: 10
Table 7 – Hughes 9201 UT and KG-175B Test Card
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6.4
Test results for the ViaSat AltaSec KG-250 Type-1 encryptor is reported below:
6.4.1
Thrane Explorer 500 UT Baseline Testing without KG-250:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
64.09
57.28
60.14
Test Notes: Baseline Testing
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06
Test Set started at: 2006 11 08 18:04:29
392.64
439.36
418.88
13.44
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
82.39
71.76
74.71
305.44
350.64
337.44
13.68
Test Iterations: 10
Table 8 – Thrane Explorer 500 UT Baseline Data Test Card without KG-250 Encryptor
Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-250 Testing:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
75.13
63.57
67.91
334.96
395.84
371.68
20.1
154.39
92.24
104.38
162.96
272.80
246.80
32.7
Test Notes:
Encryptor - ViaSat AltaSec KG-250, MTU 1344 Red Side, 1500 Black side, f/w 1.3.95
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06
Test Set started at: 2006 11 08 15:07:58
Test Iterations: 10
Table 9 - Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-250 Test Card
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6.4.2
Hughes 9201 UT Baseline Testing without KG-250:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
58.86
56.38
58.40
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
427.60
446.32
431.49
14.84
Test Notes: Baseline Testing
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 11 09 14:32:52
120.87
69.20
83.12
208.16
363.68
311.97
49.54
Test Iterations: 10
Table 10 – Hughes 9201 UT Baseline Data Test Card without KG-250 Encryptor
Hughes 9201 UT and KG-250 testing:
BGAN I-4
Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
72.64
71.88
72.33
346.40
350.08
347.92
1.18
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
744.13
89.20
329.68
33.84
282.16
147.68
110.34
Test Notes:
Encryptor - ViaSat AltaSec KG-250, Red MTU 1344, Black MTU 1500, f/w 1.3.95
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 11 08 20:55:36
Test Iterations: 10
Table 11 – Hughes 9210 UT and KG-250 Test Card
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6.5
Mobile-to-Mobile BGAN Operation and KG-250 Testing - Double satellite hop
(Ping RTT 1720ms to 1920ms)
Thrane Explorer 500 UT to Thrane Explorer UT and KG-250 testing configuration
BGAN UT
Tested:
Thrane
Explorer 500
Thrane IP 161.30.180.252
(Modem Mode)
Thrane IP 161.30.191.1
(Modem Mode)
IP Encryptor
AOS
HQ
Dallas
10.200.200.1/24
10.10.1.1/24
Burum BGAN E/S
IP Encryptors
KG175B
KG250
10.200.200.2/24
10.10.1.2/24
Figure 2 - BGAN Thrane 500 UT to Thrane 500 UT (Mobile-to-Mobile) Configuration:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
206.34
136.79
162.83
122.00
184.00
158.58
24.64
145.36
137.91
141.00
173.12
182.48
178.52
2.69
Test Notes:
Encryptor - ViaSat AltaSec KG-250 IP encryptor, MTU 1344 Red Side, 1500 Black side, f/w
1.3.95
Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06
Test Set started at: 2006 11 16 17:26:54
Test Iterations: 10
Table 12 - Thrane 500 UT to Thrane 500 UT and KG-250 Test Card
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6.6
Test results for the GD KG-235 type-1 encryptor is reported below:
6.6.1
Thrane Explorer 500 UT Baseline Testing without KG-235:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
59.30
54.17
55.87
Test Notes: Baseline Testing
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06
Test Set started at: 2006 11 16 00:17:25
424.40
464.56
450.81
13.14
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
71.60
70.09
70.52
351.44
359.04
356.87
2.70
Test Iterations: 10
Table 13 - Thrane Explorer 500 UT Baseline Data Test Card without KG-235 Encryptor
Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-235 Testing:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
64.98
62.96
63.77
387.28
399.68
394.66
4.15
165.90
98.79
116.65
151.68
254.72
224.62
40.86
Test Notes:
Encryptor - GD KG-235, MTU not configurable, Config ver 3.3, h/w version 284678.0
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06
Test Set started at: 2006 11 14 14:01:34
Test Iterations: 10
Table 14 - Thrane Explorer 500 UT and KG-235 Test Card
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6.6.2
Hughes 9201 UT Baseline Testing without KG-235 Encryptor:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
60.86
56.48
57.94
Test Notes: Baseline Testing
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 11 13 16:13:21
413.52
445.52
434.56
9.00
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
113.51
74.80
89.16
221.68
336.48
286.96
35.04
Test Iterations: 10
Table 15 - Hughes 9201 UT Baseline Data Test Card without KG-235 Encryptor
Hughes 9201 UT and KG-235 Testing:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
69.02
67.72
68.28
364.64
371.60
368.56
2.38
283.90
96.71
130.74
88.64
260.24
219.28
59.79
Test Notes:
Encryptor: GD KG-235, MTU not configurable, Config version 3.3, h/w version 284678.0
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 11 14 16:00:44
Test Iterations: 10
Table 16 - Hughes 9210 UT and KG-235 Test Card
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7
Thales DC2K IP Encryptor (non-Type-1) and GRE Tunnel
Single satellite hop (Ping RTT 950ms to 1300ms)
The PS test arrangement with Thales DC2K is configured as in Figure 3 below:
BGAN UT’s to
be tested:
HNS 9201
Thrane Explorer
500
Thrane IP 161.30.180.252
(Modem Mode)
HNS IP 192.168.128.101
Cisco 1720
Router
Cisco 2600
Router
Cisco routers provide
GRE Tunnel
IP 12.191.85.83
Public Internet
192.168.155.1/24
192.168.155.2/24
IP Encryptor
192.168.122/1/24
192.268.122.2/24
10.10.1.1/24
AOS
HQ
Dallas
10.200.200.1/24
IP Encryptors
DC2K
10.10.1.2/24
Burum BGAN E/S
T1 Internet
Access
AOS
Dallas
10.200.200.2/24
Figure 3 - The GRE Packet Switched Testing via BGAN I-4 Configuration for DC2K
7.1
The equipment required for this CS configuration is:
2 each Thales DC2K IP Encryptors
1 each Computer with Windows XP Pro SP2 w/DOS FTP script (Client PC)
1 each Computers with Linux FC4 Samba ProFTPD (Server PC)
1 each T1 high speed Internet connections with static IP’s
1 each HNS 9201 and Thrane Explorer 500 BGAN UT’s with static IP’s
2 each BGAN SIM cards. Inmarsat provided airtime for testing
Used DOS FTP script for all 3MB data transfers
7.2
Equipment Settings for Figure 3:
Thrane Explorer UT set for ‘Modem Mode’ operation
See Appendix for Cisco Router GRE tunnel configurations
Client/Server computer MTU settings at 1400 unless noted otherwise
DC2K Encryptor settings: See ‘Encryptor Working Configurations’ on pg 20 & Tables
See above Figure 3 for IP address scheme
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7.3
Test results for the Thales DC2K non-Type-1 encryptor are reported below.
7.3.1
Thrane Explorer 500 UT Baseline testing of Cisco GRE tunnel without DC2K:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
89.39
63.35
71.73
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
281.52
397.28
356.27
41.69
207.03
92.40
121.33
34.12
121.52
272.32
220.70
49.08
Test Notes: Baseline Testing of GRE tunnel
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06
Test Set started at: 2006 10 30 18:36:45
Test Iterations: 10
Table 17 – Thrane Explorer 500 UT GRE Tunnel Baseline Test Card w/o DC2K
Thrane Explorer 500 UT with Thales DC2K via GRE Tunnel:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
308.19
62.60
92.34
81.68
402.00
343.04
92.96
143.02
92.79
105.38
176.00
271.20
244.16
34.02
Test Notes: Thales DC2K IP encryptor through GRE tunnel
BGAN: Thrane Explorer 500 f/w 1.06
Test Set started at: 2006 10 25 23:42:20
Test Iterations: 10
Table 18 – Thrane Explore 500 and Thales DC2K via GRE Tunnel Test Card
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7.3.2
Hughes 9201 UT Baseline testing of Cisco GRE tunnel without Thales DC2K:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Time (sec)
Kbps
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
66.62
65.77
66.20
377.76
382.64
380.13
2.0
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
93.19
92.62
92.48
270.00
271.68
272.11
1.9
Test Notes: Baseline Testing of GRE tunnel
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 11 07 16:14:30
Test Iterations: 3
Table 19 – Hughes 9201 UT GRE Tunnel Baseline Test Card w/o DC2K
Hughes 9201 UT with Thales DC2K via GRE Tunnel:
BGAN I-4 Tests
FTP Tests
Min Data Rate
Max Data Rate
Avg Data Rate
Std Deviation
FTP Transfer Rates
Download/Get
Upload/Put
Time (sec)
Kbps
Time (sec)
Kbps
208.48
197.88
201.00
120.72
127.20
125.23
1.67
117.68
92.95
105.30
213.84
270.72
241.82
26.19
Test Notes: Thales DC2K IP encryptor through GRE tunnel
BGAN: Hughes 9201 f/w 3.6.1.0
Test Set started at: 2006 10 31 14:35:50
Test Iterations: 10
Table 20 – Hughes 9201 UT and Thales DC2K via GRE Tunnel Test Card
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8
Summary of Test Data
8.1
Summary of Thrane Explorer 500 Test Data:
Thrane Exp 500
3MB Data
KG-175
DC2K (via GRE)
KG-250
KG-235
Baseline
Test Date
10/27/2006
10/30/2006
11/8/2006
11/16/2006
Download Avg
348.21
356.27
418.88
450.81
Std Dev
21.10
41.69
13.44
13.14
Upload Avg
257.76
220.70
337.44
356.87
Std Dev
28.80
49.08
13.68
2.70
Upload Avg
252.96
244.18
246.80
224.62
Std Dev
19.80
34.02
32.70
40.86
Upload Avg
238.32
272.11
311.97
286.96
Std Dev
48.00
1.90
49.54
35.04
Upload Avg
248.64
241.82
147.68
219.28
Std Dev
24.40
26.19
110.34
59.79
Encrypted
KG-175
DC2K (via GRE)
KG-250
KG-235
Test Date
10/26/2006
10/25/2006
11/8/2006
11/14/2006
Download Avg
260.08
343.04
371.68
394.66
Std Dev
5.80
92.96
20.10
4.15
Table 21: Summary of Thrane Explorer 500 Test Data
8.2
Summary of Hughes 9201 Test Data:
Hughes 9201
3MB Data
KG-175
DC2K (via GRE)
KG-250
KG-235
Baseline
Test Date
10/27/2006
11/7/2006
11/9/2006
11/13/2006
Download Avg
422.96
380.13
431.49
434.56
Std Dev
0.30
2.00
14.84
9.00
Encrypted
KG-175
DC2K (via GRE)
KG-250
KG-235
Test Date
10/27/2006
10/31/2006
11/8/2006
11/14/2006
Download Avg
268.24
125.23
347.92
368.58
Std Dev
1.30
1.67
1.18
2.38
Table 22: Summary of Hughes 9201 Test Data
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9
Encryptor Working Configurations
9.1
Thales DC2K IP Encryptor Configuration Settings
All configurations are standard default settings; except for below IP Security screens:
9.1.1 Server IP Security screens (DC2K)
Port Setup
Private IP Address: 10.200.200.1
Private Mask: 255.255.255.0
Private Gateway: 0.0.0.0
Public IP Address: 192.168.122.2
Public Mask: 255.255.255.0
Public Gateway: 192.168.122.1
Private Network Selectors:
Type: Range
Address/From: 10.200.200.1
Mask/To: 10.200.200.10
Network Setup:
Tunneling: 192.168.100.2
9.1.2 Client IP Security screens (DC2K)
Port Setup
Private IP Address: 10.10.1.1
Private Mask: 255.255.255.0
Private Gateway: 0.0.0.0
Public IP Address: 192.168.100.2
Public Mask: 255.255.255.0
Public Gateway: 192.168.100.1
Private Network Selectors:
Type: Range
Address/From: 10.10.1.1
Mask/To: 10.10.1.10
Network Setup:
Tunneling: 192.168.122.2
9.2
Taclane KG-175 Encryptor Configuration Settings
See “For Distribution to US Government Personnel Only” document for
configuration settings.
9.3
ViaSat KG-250 Encryptor Configuration Settings
Same as 9.2 above.
9.4
GD KG-235 Encryptor Configuration Settings
Same as 9.2 above
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10
Summary of Test Results -
The objective of this report is to provide feedback to the Inmarsat user community
regarding the compatibility of US Centric packet switched IP encryptors via the BGAN
AOR I-4 satellite. During the course of this report only the Thrane Explorer 500 and
Hughes 9201 BGAN UT’s were tested. The only IP encryptors available during the tests
were the Thales DC2K, General Dynamics Mini-Taclane KG-175B, ViaSat KG-250 and
General Dynamics KG-235. The L3 KG-240 Type-encryptor will be tested when
available.
The IP encryptor test data throughput measurements are tabulated in Tables 1 through 20.
Tables 21 and 22 summarize all testing less the BGAN UT-to-UT testing as described on
page 13. This data validates the DC2K, KG-175, KG-235 and KG-250 IP encryptor’s
capability to pass encrypted data via the BGAN network. DOS FTP encrypted download
speeds ranged from an average of 125 Kbps to 395Kbps, whereas, FTP uploads averaged
from 148 Kbps to 253 Kbps. The October-November data throughput values were
impressive considering the that fact that the BGAN system is a ‘shared’ network with an
Internet back haul from the Burum BGAN earth station to the AOS’ Dallas, Texas testing
location. These variables produced a round trip time (RTT) between 950ms to 1300ms
over a single satellite hop test.
Testing the non-Type-1 Thales DC2K IP encryptor required the addition of a Cisco
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel (see Figure 3) to allow proper exchange of
encryption keys. Previous tests showed that if the transport network Cisco routers have
Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) enabled the DC2K’s would not exchange encryption
keys due to the encryptors IPSec incompatibility with Cisco’s CEF. See Appendix A and
B for router configuration instructions for BGAN operation via the Thrane Explorer 500
and Hughes 9201.
Generally speaking most encryptors used the manufacturers default settings. Configuring
the Type-1 KG-175B, KG-235 and KG-250 IP encryptors was straight forward except for
the KG-235. Please see the US Government version of this report for detailed
configuration instructions for all Type-1 encryptors. After configuring all administrative
settings (i.e., red/black setup and handling keying materials) the encryptors would
synchronize with each other within a minute. Various MTU settings were tried before
the best possible settings were obtained. It should be noted that although the Type-1
encyrptors did not require an intermediary router to operate the user needs to check with
their local network security personnel to verify Transec/COMSEC requirements. The
above GRE tunnel concept may satisfy this requirement.
The proper setting of the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) was important to insure
the highest possible data transfer. While using a network protocol analyzer (Ethereal) the
MTU’s on the computer, Cisco routers GRE tunnel and encryption equipment was
adjusted for maximum data transfer. As in the case when adjusting the MTU value on
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the KG-175B encryptor from 800 to 1424 the data throughput approximately doubled
from 140Kbps to 260 Kbps; see section 6.2.1.
Maximum data transfer would occur when packets were not being fragmented as they
passed through the encryptor, router and computer interfaces. As a general rule all
computer MTU’s were set to 1400 and both GRE network routers MTU’s were set to
1416. The DC2K, KG-175 and KG-250 MTU settings were 1400, 1424 and 1344/1500
(red/black interfaces) respectively. These values are documented on the test tables
(Tables 1 to 20). Note that the MTU settings for the KG-235 are not configurable.
Although not in the original scope of this work mobile-to-mobile test results were
obtained with the ViaSat KG-250 encryptors and the Thrane Explorer 500 UT’s; see
section 6.4 (page 13). Reasonable throughput data throughput speeds averaged 159 Kbps
(download) and 179 Kpbs (upload).
It should be noted that the test configurations used here were aimed at obtaining the best
measurement of the abilities of the BGAN network. A computer user with a Windows
based operating system and graphical based FTP clients, more typically available, may
see markedly different results, in many cases lower. Those with questions should refer to
Inmarsat’s Application notes (http://support.inmarsat.com/techsupport) for details
regarding the test and setup of various FTP clients in order to insure maximum
performance. The reader should note that this configuration used the standard BGAN IP
server with a back haul through the public Internet, therefore, the variability in test results
is not totally unexpected. For users who have restrictions on the use of the public
Internet, private line services from Inmarsat’s Distribution Partners is available and
should provide additional consistency and performance.
This concludes the testing of the Thales DC2K, GD Mini-Taclane KG-175B, GD KG235 and ViaSat KG-250. BGAN Circuit Switched Type-1 encryption testing of the L3
STE, SafeNet KIV7, L3 Omni, AT&T STU-III, GD Sectera Wireline will now start with
a report expected by the end of March 2007. This report will be supplemented with the
results of the L3 KG-240 when the encryptor is available.
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Appendix A: Cisco Config for GRE tunnels for Thrane Explorer 500
Configuration for Cisco 2600 Terrestrial Router (Thrane Explorer 500 UT)
GRE1#sh run
Current configuration : 1149 bytes
version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
hostname GRE1
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
enable secret 5 $1$Ywbs$WdSjSL.J/JQ8cLyrY7QPD/
username cisco password 0 cisco
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
no ip cef
no ip domain lookup
ip dhcp pool local
network 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.100.1
ip audit po max-events 100
interface Tunnel1
description Hub Tunnel endpoint
ip address 172.18.18.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel source FastEthernet0/0
tunnel destination 161.30.180.252
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 12.191.85.83 255.255.255.192
duplex auto
speed auto
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
router eigrp 100
redistribute static
network 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.100.0
no auto-summary
ip http server
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Appendix A
Continued
Cisco Configuration for GRE tunnels for Thrane Explorer 500 terrestrial router
no ip http secure-server
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.191.85.65
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.2
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login local
end
Configuration for Cisco 1720 Client/Remote Router (Thrane Explorer 500 UT)
Current configuration : 1549 bytes
version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
hostname GRE2
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
logging buffered 4096 emergencies
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
ip dhcp pool local
network 192.168.122.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.122.1
dns-server 151.164.1.8
no ip cef
no ip domain lookup
ip ips po max-events 100
no ftp-server write-enable
username cisco password 0 cisco
no crypto isakmp ccm
interface Tunnel1
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Appendix A
Continued
Cisco Config for GRE tunnels for Thrane Explorer 500 Client/Remote Router
description Tunnel Endpoint
ip address 172.18.18.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel source FastEthernet0
tunnel destination 12.191.85.83
interface BRI0
no ip address
shutdown
interface FastEthernet0
ip address 161.30.180.252 255.255.255.0
ip virtual-reassembly
duplex auto
speed auto
interface FastEthernet1
interface FastEthernet2
interface FastEthernet3
interface FastEthernet4
interface Vlan1
ip address 192.168.122.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
ip virtual-reassembly
router eigrp 100
network 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.122.0
network 192.168.128.0
no auto-summary
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 161.30.180.251
ip http server
ip http authentication local
ip http secure-server
ip nat inside source list 99 interface FastEthernet0 overload
access-list 99 permit 192.168.122.0 0.0.0.255
control-plane
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login local
end
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Appendix B: Cisco Configuration for GRE tunnels for Hughes 9201
Configuration for Cisco 2600 Terrestrial Router (Hughes 9201 UT)
GRE1#sh run
Current configuration : 1149 bytes
version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
hostname GRE1
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
enable secret 5 $1$Ywbs$WdSjSL.J/JQ8cLyrY7QPD/
username cisco password 0 cisco
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
no ip cef
no ip domain lookup
ip dhcp pool local
network 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.100.1
ip audit po max-events 100
interface Tunnel1
description Hub Tunnel endpoint
ip address 172.18.18.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel source FastEthernet0/0
tunnel destination 161.30.180.252
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 12.191.85.83 255.255.255.192
duplex auto
speed auto
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
router eigrp 100
redistribute static
network 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.100.0
no auto-summary
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
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Appendix B
Continued
Cisco Configuration for GRE tunnels for Hughes 9201 UT Terrestrial router
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.191.85.65
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.2
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login local
end
Configuration for Cisco 1720 Client/Remote Router (Hughes 9201 UT)
sh run
Current configuration : 1549 bytes
version 12.3
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
hostname GRE2
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
logging buffered 4096 emergencies
mmi polling-interval 60
no mmi auto-configure
no mmi pvc
mmi snmp-timeout 180
no aaa new-model
ip subnet-zero
ip dhcp pool local
network 192.168.122.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.122.1
dns-server 151.164.1.8
no ip cef
no ip domain lookup
ip ips po max-events 100
no ftp-server write-enable
username cisco password 0 cisco
no crypto isakmp ccm
interface Tunnel1
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Appendix B
Continued
Configuration for Cisco 1720 Client/Remote Router (Hughes 9201 UT)
description Tunnel Endpoint
ip address 172.18.18.2 255.255.255.0
tunnel source FastEthernet0
tunnel destination 12.191.85.83
interface BRI0
no ip address
shutdown
interface FastEthernet0
ip address 192.168.128.201 255.255.255.0
ip nat outside
ip virtual-reassembly
duplex auto
speed auto
interface FastEthernet1
interface FastEthernet2
interface FastEthernet3
interface FastEthernet4
interface Vlan1
ip address 192.168.122.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
ip virtual-reassembly
router eigrp 100
network 172.18.18.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.122.0
network 192.168.128.0
no auto-summary
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.128.100
ip http server
ip http authentication local
ip http secure-server
ip nat inside source list 99 interface FastEthernet0 overload
access-list 99 permit 192.168.122.0 0.0.0.255
control-plane
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login local
end
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