NAME: ______________________________________ DATE: ____________________________ CLASS: ___________________________ Semester One Finals’ Study Guide Western Civilization: Units 1-­‐3 Unit 1: Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt -­‐Review your Unit 1 study guide (key terms and essential questions). *This was a mandatory assignment, so you should all have this resource. A copy of the Unit 1 study guide is available on the website. -­‐Review your unit quizzes and exams. Unit 2: Ancient Greece -­‐Review your Unit 2 study guide (key terms and essential questions). *This was NOT a mandatory assignment, but you should still have it in your notebook as a resource. A copy of the Unit 2 study guide is available on the website. -­‐Review your unit quizzes and exams. Unit 3: Ancient Rome (Rome—Part I) From Founding to Empire Foundations of Rome: (notes, reading, questions) • Founding Myth (notes, reading, questions) • Romulus and Remus • Historical Founding • Etruscans • Contributions of the Etruscans • End of Etruscan rule • Date of Roman Republic • republic • Latins Geography of Rome (notes and mapping assignment) • Names/location of rivers, mountain ranges, bodies of water etc. • Impact of geography on Rome Roman Republic Political Institutions (reading, notes, questions, quiz, key terms sheet)
• Different offices and organization
• SPQR
• Responsibilities of each office
o Consuls
o Senate
o Assembly and Tribune
o Veto
• Patricians
• Plebeians
• Twelve Tables
• Power structure in Rome
NAME: ______________________________________ DATE: ____________________________ CLASS: ___________________________ Roman Expansion aka Rome Conquers Stuff
• Gaul
• Roman expansion in Italy and the Mediterranean
• Early conquests in Italy
• Opponents
• Reasons for success
• What did Romans gain from these conquests?
• The Punic Wars (lecture notes, video and video guide, Bell Work)
o Hannibal
o Scipio
o Carthage
o Punic Wars
o Rome’s expansion throughout the Mediterranean
Know the following for each of the conflicts:
o Who did they fight?
o When did they fight? o Why did it start?
o Where was it fought?
o Important figures in the wars (if applicable)
o Outcomes of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd war
o What did the Romans gain? How were the Romans successful?
o How were the Romans unsuccessful?
• The Gracchus Brothers: Optimates vs. Populares – the differences emerge • Tiberius Gracchus • Desired Reforms • Reasons for death • Gaius Gracchus • Desired Reforms • Reasons for death o Marius and Sulla • Fundamental Differences • Early Civil War ROME PART I – FOUNDING TO EMPIRE
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
Directions: These questions are designed to help direct and focus your study of Rome--Part I. There are many
ways to use these questions to help you study for the midterm. The following are only a few ideas: you can
make flashcards for each of the questions and answers, make bullet pointed answers for each question, quiz
yourself, only write or review the questions you cannot successfully answer, etc.
1. What role did geography play in the development of Rome?
2. Italy is essentially a large peninsula. So what role did that play in the development of Rome?
NAME: ______________________________________ DATE: ____________________________ CLASS: ___________________________ 3. Why was Italy easier to unify than Greece?
4. Who were the Etruscans?
5. What role did the Alps play in the early development of Rome?
6. Did Roman women have any rights apart from her husband?
7. What women had the most freedom in Rome?
Founding of Rome and the Roman Republic
1. Know the general outline of the founding of Rome
2. What factors played major roles in the development of the Roman Republic?
3. What were the social classes of the Republic?
4. What was the political structure of the Roman Republic?
5. What is the significance of 509 BC in Roman History?
6. What is a Republic? Who voted?
7. Why did the Romans choose a Republic as their form of government after they drove out Tarquin
the Proud?
8. The original legislative body was the Senate, which made the laws. What social class made up the
Senate? Did this ever change?
9. What were the duties of the Consuls?
10. Why did the Roman constitution allow for a Dictator?
11. How did the Senate limit the power of the Consuls? What is this called?
12. Who were the Plebeians?
13. What were the first Plebian government officials?
14. What were the 12 Tables, and why were they significant for the Plebeians?
15. What Roman political ideas are present in the US system?
16. What was the requirement for military service?
17. What was the basic unit of the army?
18. What role did the client system play in Roman Expansion?
19. Why did Rome and Carthage come into conflict?
20. What was the primary problem that resulted from victory in the Punic Wars?