PSY 101 EXAM 2
STUDY GUIDE
NEUROSCIENCE
Neurons vs glia
Structures and functions of parts of neuron (e.g. dendrites, soma, axon,
terminals)
The electrochemical process of neural communication
Resting potential vs threshold of excitation (AKA summation threshold)
Sodium & potassium ions (channels, charges, distribution at rest vs firing)
Action potential (ion movement & distribution, changes in voltage inside vs
outside)
Neurotransmitters, vesicles, events at synapse
Multiple sclerosis
Glutamate vs GABA
Organization of nervous system (see “flowchart” of organization hierarchy)
Central, peripheral, somatic, autonomic, sympathetic, parasympathetic nervous
systems
Nerves
Exactly how is parasympathetic nervous system different than sympathetic
nervous system
Flight or flight
Corpus callosum
Grey vs white matter
Cortex and lobes
Motor vs sensory cortex
Subcortical structures and the brain stem
Prefrontal cortex & executive functions
Prefrontal lobotomy
Hind brain structures (pons, medulla, cerebellum)
Hippocampus vs amygdala vs hypothalamus
SLEEP
Circadian rhythms
Zeitgebers and resetting body clock
Melatonin
Jet lag (phase advance vs phase delay)
Theories for why we need to sleep
EEG
Stages of sleep (differences in mental state, physiological activity, brain wave
patterns, events like dreaming or sleep walking)
Order of stages of sleep
Sleep disorders (know all of them!)
Theory for dreams