Pairs Pangaea 1 The Atlantic A super continent that existed 200 million years ago. 1 An ocean created when the super continent broke apart. 2 2 Alfred Wegener The scientist who thought that the continents were once part of a super continent. 3 3 Mesosaurus The fossilised remains of a reptile found in South America and in Africa. 4 4 Seafloor spreading The theory that new ocean crust is formed at the mid-ocean ridges by rising molten lava. 5 5 The lithosphere 6 The mantle 7 The crust and upper mantle. 6 The largest layer inside the Earth. 7 The crust 8 The inner core 9 The outer core The outer most rocky layer of the Earth. 8 The solid core composed of dense iron and nickel. 9 The liquid core composed of iron and nickel. 10 10 Plate tectonics The theory that the Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections. 11 11 Continental drift The theory that the continents move. 12 12 The Mariana trench The deepest point on the Earth, an example of converging oceanic plates. 13 13 The Himalaya Mountains 14 An example of a plate boundary where continental crust is colliding. 14