4. The Outline of the 8 Major Crusades
 Below is a basic table that summarizes the 8 major Crusades.
 This table does not include minor skirmishes that some books identify as
Crusades. These include the “People’s Crusade” of 1096 and the tragic
“Children’s Crusade” of 1212.
 This outline also does not include crusades against heretics in Europe, such
as the Albigensian Crusade of 1229.
The
Crusade
1st
Crusade
2nd
Crusade
3rd
Crusade
4th
Crusade
Dates
10951099
11471149
11891192
12021204
Christian
Leaders
* Raymond of
Toulouse
* Bohemond
of Tarento
* Godfrey de
Bouillon
* Bishop
Adhemar de
Puy
* King Louis
VII of France
* Holy Roman
Emperor
Conrad III
* King Philip
II of France
* King
Richard I of
England
* Holy Roman
Emperor
Frederick I
* Pope
Innocent III
* Doge Enrico
Dandolo
Muslim
Leaders
*Kilij
Arslan
*
Kergobah
Events
*Council of Claremont
* Meeting the Byzantine
Emperor
* The “Holy Lance” &
Capture of Antioch
* The Capture of Edessa
* The Sack of Jerusalem
*Nur edDin
* Preached by St. Bernard
* Queen Eleanor of
Aquitaine brings her 300
member & non-military
entourage
*Saladin
* This Crusade follows the
events portrayed in the
movie Kingdom of Heaven
* Crusade needed with
Saladin’s recapture of
Jerusalem after the death
of King Baldwin IV “the
Leper”
* Surrender of Acre
* Capture of Jaffa
* Mutual brutality
None
*Dandolo finances
crusade with his conditions
* Sack of Constantinople
Final
Results
* The only successful
crusade
* Christian Kingdoms
established in Holy
Land
* Scandal & Moslem
anger from the Sack
of Jerusalem
* Crusade is a
disaster
* Eleanor leaves
Louis and marries
Henry II of England
* Muslims unite
*Crusaders no longer
seem “unbeatable”
* Neither side gets
the upper hand
* A peace treaty is
signed
* Christians retake
some kingdoms
*Moslems keep
Jerusalem, but
Christians get access
* Doge Enrico gets
his revenge on
Constantinople
* Pope Innocent III
excommunicates the
entire Crusade
* Great Eastern
Schism is now
permanent
The Crusade
5th Crusade
6th Crusade
7th Crusade
8th Crusade
Dates
1217-1221
1228-1229
1248-1250
1270
Christian
Leaders
* Cardinal
Pelagius
* King John of
Jerusalem
* Holy Roman
Emperor
Frederick II
* King Louis IX
of France (St.
Louis)
* King Louis IX
of France (St.
Louis)
* Prince
Edward of
England
Muslim
Leaders
Events
* Sultan alKamil of Egypt
* Sultan alMuazzim of
Damascus
* Siege of
Damietta
*Crusade
attacks Egypt
* St. Francis
of Assisi tries
to convert alKamil
* al Kamil
offers
Jerualem and
30 year truce
in exchange of
leaving Egypt
and Damietta
*Pelagius
refuses
* Sultan alKamil of Egypt
* Frederick
marches on
Jerusalem
& claims to be
God’s
representative
on earth
* Patriarch of
Jerusalem
refuses to
meet with
Frederick
*Sultan
Turanshah
* Sultan Rukn
ad-Din Bibars
* Sultan Kutuz
ibn Abdullah
* Louis plans
to take Egypt
to trade for
Jerusalem
* Capture of
Damietta
* Attack on
Egypt
* Louis falls ill
and is taken
prisoner
* Sultan Rukn
ad-Din Baibars
* Christian
kingdoms fall
to Baibars
* Louis
unsuccessfully
attacks Tunis
to aid brother
Charles of
Sicily (?)
Final
Results
* Crusader
attacks on
Egypt and
Damascus fail
* al-Kamil
withdraws
offer
* Best chance
to regain Holy
Land wasted
by Pelagius
* Frederick
and al-Kamil
sign the Treaty
of Jaffa (1229)
* Egypt is kept
by the
Moslems
* Jerusalem is
ceded to the
Christians
* Jerusalem is
retaken by the
Moslems
* Louis
returns
Damietta and
a large
ransom in
exchange for
himself and
his entourage
& equipment
* Louis
returns ill with
relics for
France
* Louis dies of
the plague
but is
canonized in
1297 as St.
Louis