Name: ___________________ Date:________________ Period:__________
Chapter 10 Study Guide
Honors Science
1. What is an atom?
A small particle that is the building block of matter
2. Name and describe all three parts of an atom.
Proton-positive-located inside the nucleus
Neutron-neutral- located inside the nucleus
Electron- negative- located outside in the electron cloud
3. All atoms have the same number of nothing!!!
4. What is conservation of mass? Particles in matter that are
present before a physical or chemical change are the same
amount as those present after the change
5. You are making a pitcher of iced tea. You have 150 grams of
water and 25 grams of iced tea mix. How much iced tea will
you have in your pitcher?
150+25=175 grams of iced tea_
6. You have 300 grams of lemonade, you used 260 grams of
water, what was the mass of the lemonade mix used?
300-260= 40 grams of lemonade mix
7. Where in a chemical equation are reactants found? Products?
Reactants are on the left side of the arrow. Products are on the
right side of the arrow.
8. What factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
Temperature, concentration, and surface area
9. Give examples of physical properties. Mass, conductivity,
volume, boiling point, melting point, state of matter, density,
solubility
10.
What is a mixture? Matter that can vary in composition
11.
Give examples of physical changes.
Change in size, shape, or state, dissolving
12.
Define sublimation and give an example. When a solid
goes directly to a gas without turning to a liquid first. Example:
dry ice
13.
Define deposition and give an example.
When a gas goes directly to a solid without turning to a liquid
first. Example: frost
14.
What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up
space.
15.
As temperature rises, particles will move faster, as
temperature decreases particles will move slower.
16.
Give examples of chemical change.
Burning paper or wood, baking a cake, rusting of a bicycle
chain, rotting apple
17.
Give examples of chemical properties.
Acidity, the ability to rust, rot or burn
18.
What is a substance?
Matter with a composition that is always the same
19.
What is a compound?
A type of substance containing atoms of two or more different
elements chemically bonded together
20.
What is an element?
A substance that consists of just one type of atom
21.
What can differ between atoms of different elements?
The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons
22.
What is a reaction?
A reaction is when the atoms rearrange and bond into new
substances
23.
What are the possible signs of a chemical change?
Formation of bubbles, change in color, change in odor, and
change in energy
24.
When a shiny penny turns green, is the change physical or
chemical? Explain.
It is a chemical change because the metal in the penny has
combined with oxygen in the air.
25.
Explain the differences between physical and chemical
changes. Include definitions of physical and chemical
properties and changes.
Physical changes occur without changing the physical
properties of the substance. Physical properties can be
observed or measured without changing the composition of
matter. These include states of matter, mass, volume, melting
point, boiling point, density, conductivity and solubility. A
chemical change is a change in matter in which the
substances that make up the matter change into other
substances with new physical and chemical properties.
Chemical properties are characteristics of matter that can be
observed as it changes to a different type of matter. Examples
include the ability to burn, rust and rot, and acidity.
26.
Balance the following equation. Explain each step as you
go.
______ CH4 + ___2___O2  ______ CO2 + __2__ H2O
C=1__ __________________________C=1
H= 4___________________________ H=2
4
O= 2
4
___O=3
4
First, I counted all of the atoms for each element. I noticed that
hydrogen atoms were not balanced so I placed the coefficient
2 in front of the H2O on the product side. That gave me 4
hydrogen atoms and 4 oxygen atoms on the product side.
Next, I placed the coefficient 2 in front of O2 which gave me 4
oxygen atoms, on the reactants side. This balanced the entire
equation.