Name: ___________________ Date:________________ Period:__________
Honors Science
Chapter 10 Study Guide
1. What is an atom?
 The building block of matter
 All atoms of the same element have the same number of
protons
2. What is matter?
 Anything that has mass and takes up space
 Has unique physical and chemical properties
 Made up of small particles called atoms
3. What is conservation of mass? Matter cannot be created nor
destroyed
4. You are making a pitcher of iced tea. You have 150 grams of
water and 25 grams of iced tea mix. How much iced tea will
you have in your pitcher?
150g + 25g = 175g of iced tea
5. You have 300 grams of lemonade, you used 260 grams of
water, what was the mass of the lemonade mix used?
300g-260g= 40g of lemonade mix
6. Where in a chemical equation are reactants found? Products?
Reactants to the left of the yield sign
Products to the right of the yield sign
7. What factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
 Concentration
 Temperature
 Surface area
8. What are the signs that a chemical change may have taken
place?
 Formation of bubbles
 Change in color
 Change in odor
 Change in energy (temperature)
9. What is the formula for density?
Density = mass
volume
10.
Define sublimation and give an example. Sublimation:
When a solid goes directly to a gas without turning to a liquid
first. Example: dry ice
11.
Define deposition and give an example.
Deposition: When a gas goes directly to a solid without turning
to a liquid first. Example: frost
12.
If an object has a mass of 40g and a volume of 5cm3,
what is its density? 40g/5cm3= 8 g/cm3
13.
As temperature rises, particles will move faster, as
temperature decreases particles will move slower_
14.
Acid
Base
Neutral
pH Range
Characteristics
0-6.9
 Tastes sour
 Eats away at
a substance
7.1-14
7.0
 Tastes bitter
 Feels slippery
Color of the
litmus paper
red
blue
yellow
15.
How do you know if a chemical equation is balanced?
The mass of the reactants and products are the same; each
side has the same number of atoms of each element.
16.
What is an element?
A substance that consists of just one type of atom
17.
When a shiny penny turns green, is the change physical or
chemical? Explain.
18.
It is a chemical change because the metal in the penny
has combined with oxygen in the air
19.
Using the picture below, explain all four parts of the
element box. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does
cobalt have? How do you know this?
At the top of the element box, the number 27 is the
element’s atomic number. The Co is the chemical symbol for
Cobalt. The number 58.933 is the atomic mass of cobalt.
Cobalt is the name of the element. Cobalt has 27 protons
because the number of protons is equal to its atomic number.
It also has 27 electrons. Cobalt has 33 neutrons because in
order to find the neutrons, you subtract the element’s atomic
mass from the atomic number.
20.
Explain in detail how you would find the density of an
unknown irregular solid. How can this information help you to
find out the identity of the object?
You would first find the mass of the irregular solid using a
balance scale. Next, you would fill a graduated cylinder with
water and looking at eye level at the meniscus, find out the
volume of water in the cylinder. Then, carefully tilt the
graduated cylinder and slide the object in. Find the volume of
the water and the object. Subtract the new volume from the
original volume. Finally divide the mass of the object by the
amount of water that was displaced. This will give you the
density. Now that you have the density, you can use a density
chart to help you to identify the unknown solid because all
substances have a unique density.