Name __________________________________ Hour ____
Studyguide on Muscles of the Human Body
1. – 5. Label the resting muscle, contracting muscle, insertion, origin, and tendon
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
abduction
adduction
circumduction
dorsiflexion
eversion
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
extension
flexion
hyperextension
inversion
plantar flexion
k. pronation
l. supination
m. rotation
6. Movement which ends with the palms down. ____
7. Combination of multiple movements as in throwing a ball. ____
8. Movement that twists the position of the bone along its longitudinal axis. ____
9. Movement which makes you stand on your toes. ____
10. Movement that allows you to look at the sole of your foot. ____
11. Moving leg sideways, away from your body. ____
12. Movement that decreases the angle of a joint like the elbow, finger, knee, or hip. ____
13. Extending the angle of a joint past 180˚. ____
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14. Prime movers and antagonists work as opposites in a movement. Give an example:
Prime mover:
Antagonist:
15. Does a synergist work with a prime mover or an antagonist?
16. Give an example of a prime mover and a synergist:
Prime mover:
Synergist:
17. What would happen if we did not have fixators?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Location of the muscle
Shape
Relative size
Direction of muscle fibers
e. Number of origins
f. Location of attachments
g. Action of the muscle
18. What is the name “deltoid” based on? ____
19. Naming the “triceps brachii” is based on what 2 criteria?
____
____
20. Naming the “external obliques” is based on what 2 criteria?
____
____
21. Naming the “adductor longus” is based on what 2 criteria?
____
____
Match the root word to its meaning:
22. capitus ____
23. rectus ____
24. pectus ____
25. gluteus ____
26. latus ____
27. brevis ____
28. brachi ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
arm
straight
buttock
short
head
wide
breastbone
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29. - 35. How are the following fascicles arranged?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Fusiform
Parallel
29. ___
Unipennate
Bipennate
Multipennate
Convergent Arrangement
Circular Arrangement
33. ___
32. ___
30. ___
http://www.etsu.edu/cpah/hsci/for
sman/Histology%20of%20muscle
for%20web_files/image007.jpg
December 3, 2008
34. ___
31. ___
35. ___
36. Which is stronger, a long thin muscle that can contract a longer distance or a short wide
muscle that does not contract as far?
37. – 39. Identify each lever system:
a. First Class Levers
b. Second Class Levers
c. Third Class Levers
37. ___
38. ___
39. ___
http://www.bartleby.com/61/imag
epages/A4lever.html
December 3, 2008
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40. Do most bone and muscle systems in the body act as 1st,2nd, or 3rd Class Levers?
41. Which lever system would be used for standing on your toes?
42. Which lever system would be used for lifting a heavy dumbbell?
43. Which lever system would be used for lifting your head up?
44. – 49. Fill in the table below to show the relationship between power, speed, and distance
of mechanical advantage levers vs. mechanical disadvantage levers.
Mechanical Advantage Levers
Power:
Mechanical Disadvantage Levers
Power:
Speed:
Speed:
Distance:
Distance:
Head and Neck Muscles:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Galea Aponeurotica
Buccinator
Frontalis
Masseter
50. _____
51. _____
52. _____
53. _____
54. _____
55. _____
56. _____
57. _____
58. _____
59. _____
60. _____
61. _____
e.
f.
g.
h.
Occipitalis
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Platysma
i.
j.
k.
l.
Splenius Capitus
Sternocleidomastoid
Temporalis
Zygomaticus
I help you smile
For squinting or winking
Wrinkles the forehead or raises the eyebrows
Puckers up for a kiss
Flattens cheeks to help you drink from a straw
A tough chewing muscle
Another chewing muscle - located on the head
Not a muscle - connects the frontalis to the occipitalis
Helps you pout and wrinkle your neck
Moves the head down and to one side
Pulls scalp backwards
Holds head upright during boring lectures
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Muscles of the Trunk:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Deltoid
External oblique
Intercostals
Internal oblique
62. _____
63. _____
64. _____
65. _____
66. _____
67. _____
68. _____
69. _____
70. _____
71. _____
e. Latissimus dorsi
f. Pectoralis major
g. Pectoralis minor
h. Rectus abdominus
i. Transverse abdominus
j. Trapezius
Abducts arm
outermost diagonal muscle of abdomen
adducts arm
“six pack”
innermost diagonal muscle of abdomen
deep muscle of chest that rolls shoulders forward
lifts head and shrugs shoulders
runs across the abdomen
superficial muscle of chest that allows you to reach across your chest
deep muscles found between the ribs
Muscles of the Upper Limb:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Briceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Flexor carpi radialis
72. _____
73. _____
74. _____
75. _____
76. _____
77. _____
78. _____
79. _____
80. _____
81. _____
e. Flexor carpi ulnaris
f. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
g. Triceps brachii
h. Extensor carpi radialis
i. Extensor carpi ulnaris
j. Extensor Digitorum
Flexes arm at elbow
Extends arm at elbow
Flexes wrist on the lateral side of the arm
Flexes wrist on the medial side of the arm
Flexes wrist and fingers
Extends wrist on the lateral side of the arm
Extends wrist on the medial side of the arm
Extends wrist and fingers
Helps flex the arm, especially when the forearm is in the pronate position
Helps suppinate, pronate, or flex the arm, depending on the arm’s position.
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Muscles of the Lower Limb:
a. Adductors of the leg
b. Biceps femoris
c. Gastrocnemius
d. Gluteus maximus
e. Gluteus medius
f. Gracilis
g. Iliopsoas
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
Iliotibial tract
Peronius Muscles
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
s.
Soleus
Tensor Facia Lata
Tibialis anterior
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
82. _____ flexes the knee – superficial muscle found on the lateral side of the leg
83. _____ flexes the knee – superficial muscle found on the medial side of the leg
84. _____ flexes the knee – deeper muscle found on the medial side of the leg
85. _____ extends the knee – found on the lateral side of the leg
86. _____ extends the knee – found on the medial side of the leg
87. _____ extends the knee – found deep within the leg
88. _____ extends the knee – a superficial muscle that is proximal to the knee cap
89. _____ thin muscle that helps with adduction – most medial muscle of the upper leg
90. _____ sore after skiing or horseback riding
91. _____ helps you pull your leg into the cross-legged position
92. _____ dorsiflexes the foot
93. _____ powerful muscles that extends the leg at the hip
94. _____ some shots are given here – this muscle helps stabilize hip when walking
95. _____ deep muscle that helps with plantar flexion
96. _____ superficial muscle that is great for standing on your tip toes
97. _____ steadies joints of the hips
98. _____ keeps upper torso from falling backwards when standing
99. _____ prime mover of eversion
100. _____ not a muscle – a long tendon found laterally on the upper thigh
101 - 109. Head and Neck Muscles:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
Galea Aponeurotica
Buccinator
Frontalis
Masseter
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Sternocleidomastoid
Temporalis
Zygomaticus
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Anterior muscles:
a. Adductors of the leg
b. Biceps femoris
c. Briceps brachii
d. Brachialis
e. Brachioradialis
f. Deltoid
g. Extensor carpi radialis
h. Extensor carpi ulnaris
i. External oblique
j. Flexor carpi radialis
k. Flexor carpi ulnaris
l. Gastrocnemius
m. Gluteus maximus
n. Gluteus medius
o. Gracilis
p. Iliotibial tract
q. Internal oblique
r. Latissimus dorsi
s. Pectoralis major
t. Pectoralis minor
u. Peroneus longus
v. Rectus abdominus
w. Rectus femoris
x. Sartorius
y. Semimembranosus
z. Semitendinosus
aa. Soleus
bb. Tibialis anterior
cc. Transverse abdominus
dd. Trapezius
ee. Triceps brachii
ff. Vastus intermedius
gg. Vastus lateralis
hh. Vastus medialis
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Posterior Muscles:
a. Adductors of the leg
b. Biceps femoris
c. Briceps brachii
d. Brachialis
e. Brachioradialis
f. Deltoid
g. Extensor carpi radialis
h. Extensor carpi ulnaris
i. External oblique
j. Flexor carpi radialis
k. Flexor carpi ulnaris
l. Gastrocnemius
m. Gluteus maximus
n. Gluteus medius
o. Gracilis
p. Iliotibial tract
q. Internal oblique
r. Latissimus dorsi
s. Pectoralis major
t. Pectoralis minor
u. Peroneus muscles
v. Rectus abdominus
w. Rectus femoris
x. Sartorius
y. Semimembranosus
z. Semitendinosus
aa. Soleus
bb. Tibialis anterior
cc. Transverse abdominus
dd. Trapezius
ee. Triceps brachii
ff. Vastus intermedius
gg. Vastus lateralis
hh. Vastus medialis
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