MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL OF LAW at ANDOVER
SYLLABUS for
EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION LAW
INSTRUCTOR:
PROFESSOR FREDERICK T. GOLDER- Massachusetts School of Law
(781) 334-4284/ ftgolder@verizon.net
REQUIRED READING
Assigned cases and statutes
Additional Assignments:
Preparation of Cases assigned
Oral Argument of Cases assigned
Discussion of Ethical Issues
GRADING CRITERIA:
Grading:
Oral argument of cases
Written presentation of cases
Final Examination
30%
30%
40%
Assignments and Class Topics
Class 1:
Introduction
(1)
Same attorney or law firm representing the Employer and a
supervisor in a claim against them by a former employee for sex harassment.
(2)
Attorney for employee contacts other employees of former employer
to obtain evidence.
(3)
Attorney for Employer, knowing that Employer discriminated, helps
make up a reason for discharging the employee that is not the true reason.
(4)
Attorney for Employer files a counterclaim against the employee to
discourage the suit, knowing that there is no basis for the lawsuit.
(5)
In house counsel believes that discrimination occurred but does not
disclose that to outside counsel.
Class 2:
Fair Employment Laws
Old Civil Rights Laws, 42 U.S.C. sec. 1981 et seq.; Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of
1964, 42 U.S.C. sec. 2000e et seq., CRA of 1991; Handicap Discrimination Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. sec. 791 et seq.; Age Discrimination - Age
Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, 29 U.S.C. sec. 621 et seq.; Equal Pay Act
of 1963, 29 U.S.C. sec. 206 et seq.; Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C.
§§12101, et seq.; and related federal laws dealing with employment discrimination;
State laws dealing with discrimination
Federal Statutory Laws
Old Civil Rights Laws, 42 U.S.C. §1981 et seq.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. §
2000e et seq.
Civil Rights Act of 1991
Equal Pay Act of 1963, 29 U.S.C. § 206 et seq.
Age Discrimination -(ADEA) 29 U.S.C. § 621 et seq.
Handicap Discrimination (Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. §791 et seq.
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), 42
U.S.C. § 12101 et seq.
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, 42 U.S.C.
§2000e(k)
Cases:
Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, 421 U.S. 454 (1975)
Texas v. Lesage, 528 U.S. 18, 120 S.Ct. 467, 145 L.Ed.2d 347 (1999)
Trans World Airlines v. Thurston, 469 U.S. 111 (1985)
Corning Glass Works v. Brennan, 417 U.S. 188, 94 S.Ct.
2223, 41
L.Ed.2d 1 (1974)
School Board of Nassau County v. Arline, 480 U.S. 273, 107 S.Ct. 1123,
94 L.Ed.2d 307, 43 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 81 (1987)
Class 3:
Title VII (Civil Rights Act of 1964 as amended)
A. Constitutionality of the Act
Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241, 85 S.Ct. 348, 13
L.Ed.2d 258 (1964)
B. EEOC Procedures and Filing Requirements
EEOC v. Shell Oil Company, 466 U.S. 54 (1984)
National R.R. Passenger Corp. v. Morgan, 536 U.S. 101, 122 S.Ct. 2061,
153 L.Ed.2d 106 (2002)
C. Analysis of Title VII
(a) Discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
(b) Role of EEOC and State Fair Employment Agency (706 Agency)
D.
Categories of Employment Discrimination
(1) Disparate Treatment
McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 (1973)
Price-Waterhouse v. Hopkins, 490 U.S. 228, 109 S.Ct. 1775, 104 L.Ed.2d
268 (1989)
(2) Present Effects of Past Discrimination
International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United
324 (1977)
Class 4:
States, 431 U.S.
Adverse Impact
Griggs v. Duke Power Company, 401 U.S. 424 (1971)
Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody, 422 U.S. 405 (1975)
(4) Failure to Make Reasonable Accommodations
Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Hardison, 432 U.S. 63
Class 5:
(1977)
Types of Violations
Types of Violations
United Air Lines, Inc. v. Evans, 431 U.S. 553 (1977)
Franks v. Bowman Transportation Company, 424 U.S. 747
(1976)
E. Litigation
Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Company, 415 U.S. 36 (1974)
Circuit City Stores, Inc. v. Adams, 532 U.S. 105, 121 S.Ct. 1302, 149
L.Ed.2d 234 (2001)
Goodman v. Lukens Steel Co., 482 U.S. 656, 107 S.Ct. 2617, 96 L.Ed.2d
572 (1986)
Flight Attendants v. Zipes, 491 U.S. 754, 109 S.Ct. 2732 (1989)
McKennon v. Nashville Banner Publishing Co., 513 U.S. 352, 115 S.Ct.
879, 130 L.Ed.2d 852, 66 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1192 (1995)
Commissioner of Internal Revenue Service v. Banks, 543 U.S. 426, 125
S.Ct. 826, 73 USLW 4117, 94 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1793 (2005)
Jurisdictional Requirements for a Title VII Suit
Baldwin County Welcome Center v. Brown, 466 U.S. 147, 34 F.E.P. Cas.
(BNA) 929 (1984)
Mohasco Corp. v. Silver, 447 U.S. 807 (1980)
University of Tennessee v. Elliott, 478 U.S. 788, 106
S.Ct. 3220, 92
L.Ed.2d 635 (1986)
Class 6:
Proving Your Case
Texas v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67
L.Ed2d 207
(1981)
United States Postal Service Board of Governors v.
Aikens, 460 U.S.
711, 103 S.Ct. 1478, 75 L.Ed.2d 403
(1983)
Hazelwood School District v. United States, 433 U.S. 299 (1977)
St. Mary's Honor Center v. Hicks, 509 U.S. 502, 113
S.Ct. 27, 125
L.Ed.2d 407, 62 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 96
(1993)
Reeves v. Sanderson Plumbing Products, Inc., 530 U.S. 133, 120 S.Ct.
2097, 82 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1748 (2000)
Swierkiweicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1,
88 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1, 182 A.L.R. Fed. 725, 82 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 40,899
(2002)
Desert Palace, Inc. v. Costa, 539 U.S. 90, 123 S.Ct. 2148, 156 L.Ed.2d 84,
71 USLW 4434, 91 F.E.P .Cas. (BNA) 1569, 84 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 41,403
(2002)
Constructive Discharge
Chertkova v. Connecticut General, 92 F.3d 81, 71 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1006
(2d Cir. 1996)
Kells v. Sinclair Buick-GMC Truck, Inc., 210 F.3d 827
(8th Cir. 2000)
Pennsylvania State Police v. Suders,
U.S.
, 124 S.Ct. 2342, 159
L.Ed.2d 204, 72 U.S.L.W. 4493, 93 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1473 (2004).
Class 7: Defending the Title VII Action
Furnco Construction Corp. v. Waters, 438 U.S. 567
(1978)
Board of Trustees of Keene College v. Sweeney, 439 U.S. 24 (1978)
Dothard v. Rawlinson, 433 U.S. 321 (1977)
Ford Motor Co. v. EEOC, 458 U.S. 219 (1982)
Raytheon Company v. Hernandez, 540 U.S. 44, 124 S.Ct. 513, 14 A.D.
Cas. (BNA) 1825 (U.S. 2003)
Jones v. R.R. Donnelley & Sons Co., 541 U.S. 369, 124 S.Ct. 1836, 93
F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 993 (2004).
Class 8:
Class Actions
Cooper v. Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, 467 U.S. 867 (1984)
F.
Specific Types of Discrimination
(a) Race and Color Discrimination
Washington v. Davis, 426 U.S. 229, 96 S.Ct. 2040, 48
(1976)
Patterson v. McLean Credit Union, 491 U.S. 164, 109
L.Ed.2d 132 (1989)
L.Ed. 2d 597
S.Ct. 2363, 105
(b) Religious Discrimination
Ansonia Board of Education v. Philbrook, 479 U.S. 60, 107 S.Ct. 367, 93
L.Ed.2d 305 (1986)
Class 9:
National Origin Discrimination
Espinosa v. Farah Manufacturing Co., 414 U.S. 86 (1973)
Saint Francis College v. Majid Ghaidan Al-Khazraji, 481 U.S. 604, 107
S.Ct. 2022, 95 L.Ed.2d 582 (1987)
Shaare Tefila Congregation v. Cobb, 481 U.S. 615, 107 S.Ct. 2019, 95
L.Ed.2d 594 (1987)
(d) Sex Discrimination
Cleveland Board of Education v. LaFleur, 414 U.S. 632 (1974)
Hishon v. King and Spaulding, 467 U.S. 69, 104 S.Ct.
2229, 81 L.Ed.2d
59 (1984)
UAW v. Johnson Controls, Inc., 499 U.S. 187 (1991)
(e) Sexual Harassment
Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson, 477 U.S. 57, 106 S.Ct. 2399, 91 L.Ed.2d
49 (1984)
Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc., 510 U.S. 17, 114
S.Ct. 367, 63
F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 225 (1993)
Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services Incorporated, 523 U.S. 75, 118
S.Ct. 998, 140 L.Ed. 2d 201 (1998)
Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 742, 118 S.Ct. 2257, 141
L.Ed.2d 633, 77 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1 (1998)
Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, 524 U.S. 775, 118 S.Ct. 2275, 141 L.Ed.2d
662, 77 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 14 (1998)
College-Town v. MCAD, 400 Mass. 156 (1987)
O'Connell v. Chasdi, 400 Mass. 686 (1987)
Ramsdell v. Western Mass. Bus Lines, 415 Mass. 673 (1993)
Cuddyer v. The Stop & Shop Supermarket Company, 434 Mass. 521
(2001)
Baldelli v. Town of Southborough, 18 MDLR 167 (1996)
Class 10: Age Discrimination
Gilmer v. Interstate/Johnson Lane Corp., 500 U.S. 20 (1991).
Hazen Paper Co. v. Biggins, 507 U.S. 604, 113 S.Ct. 1701, 123 L.Ed.2d
338, 61 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 793 (1993)
O'Connor v. Consolidated Coin Caterers, 517 U.S. 308, 116 S.Ct. 1307,
134 L.Ed.2d 433 (1996)
Smith v. City of Jackson, Mississippi, U.S.
, 125 S.Ct. 1536, 161
L.Ed.2d 410 (2005).
Oubre v. Entergy Operations, Inc., 522 U.S. 422, 118 S.Ct. 838, 139
L.Ed.2d 849 1255 (1998)
Kimel v. Florida Bd. Of Regents, 528 U.S. 62, 120 S.Ct. 631, 145 L.Ed.2d
522 (2000)
(g) Reverse Discrimination
McDonald v. Santa Fe Trail Transportation Co., 427 U.S. 273 (1976)
Johnson v. Transportation Agency, 480 U.S. 616, 107 S.Ct. 1442, 94
L.Ed.2d 615 (1987)
General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. v. Cline, 540 U.S. 581, 124 S.Ct.
1236, 157 L.Ed.2d 1094, 93 F.E.P. Cas. 257 (2004)
Class 11: Affirmative Action
Kaiser Aluminum Chemical Corp. v. Weber, 443 U.S. 193, 99 S.Ct. 2721,
61 L.Ed.2d 480 (1979)
Firefighter's Local Union #1784 v. Stotts, 467 U.S.
561, 104 S.Ct.
2576, 81 L.Ed.2d 483 (1984)
Local 28, Sheet Metal Workers v. EEOC, 478 U.S. 421, 106 S.Ct. 3019,
92 L.Ed.2d 344 (1986)
Local 93, Firefighters v. Cleveland, 478 U.S. 501, 106 S.Ct. 3063, 92
L.Ed.2d 405 (1986)
Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education, 476 U.S. 267, 106
S.Ct.
1842, 90 L.Ed.2d 260 (1986)
Martin v. Wilks, 490 U.S. 755, 109 S.Ct. 2180, 104
L.Ed.2d 835, 57
USLW 4616 (1989)
Class 12: Discrimination Regarding Hiring Procedure
S. F. Police Officers Association v. San Francisco, 812 F.2d
Cir. 1987)
1125 (9th
(j) Retaliation
McKenzie v. Illinois Dept. of Transportation, 92 F.3d 473, 71 F.E.P. Cas.
(BNA) 1549 (7th Cir. 1996)
Veprinsky v. Fluor, 87 F.3d 881, 71 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) (7th Cir. 1996)
Robinson v. Shell Oil Co., 519 U.S. 337, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808
(1997)
(k) Disability Discrimination
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. §§793, et seq.; Americans with
Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, 42 U.S.C. §§12101 et seq.; state law dealing
with the handicap, G.L. c. 151B; Amendment 114
Alexander v. Choate, 469 U.S. 287, 105 S.Ct. 712, 83
L.Ed.2d 712 (1985)
Wright v. Universal Maritime Service Corp., 525 U.S. 70, 119 S.Ct. 391,
142 L.Ed.2d 361 (1998)
Bragdon v. Abbott, 118 S.Ct. 2196 (1998)
Sutton v. United Airlines, Inc., 527 U.S. 471, 119 S.Ct. 2139, 144 L.Ed.2d
450, (1999)
Murphy v. United Parcel Service, Inc., 527 U.S. 516, 144 LE.2d 484, 119
S.Ct. 2133, 9 A.D. (BNA) Cas. 691 (1999)
Albertsons, Inc. v. Kiringburg, 527 U.S. 555, 144 L.Ed.2d 518, 119 S.Ct.
2162, 9 A.D. (BNA) Cas. 695 (1999)
Board of Trustees of Univ. of Ala. V. Garrett, 531 U.S. 356, 121 S.Ct.
955, 148 L.Ed.2d 866 (2001)
PGA Tour, Inc. v. Martin, 531 U.S. 1049, 121 S.Ct. 1879, 149 L.Ed.2d 904
(2001)
Toyota Motor Mfg., Kentucky, Inc. v. Williams, 2002 WL 15402 (2002)
E.E.O.C. v. Waffle House, Inc., 534 U.S. 279, 122 S.Ct. 754, 2002 WL
46763 (U.S.), 151 L.Ed.2d 755, ,12 A.D. Cas. (BNA) 1001, 2002 WL 46763
(2002)
Cleveland v. Policy Management Systems Corp., 526 U.S. 795, 143
L.E.2d 966, 119 S.Ct. 1597 (1999)
Tennessee v. Lane, 541 U.S. 509, 124 S.Ct. 1978, 158 L.Ed.2d 820, 15
A.D. Cas. (BNA) 865 (2004)
G. Remedies
New York Gaslight Club, Inc. v. Carey, 447 U.S. 54
(1980)
Kolstad v. American Dental Association, 119 S.Ct. 2118 (1999)
Pollard v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.,
US , 121 S.Ct. 1946, 150
L.Ed.2d 62 (2001)
Buckhannon Bd. & Care Home, Inc. v. West Va. Dept., 531 U.S. 1004,
121 S.Ct. 1835, 149 L.Ed.2d 855 (2001)
Class 13: T
State Remedies; G.L. c. 151B; G.L. c. 93 §§102, 103;
G.L. c. 214 §1C
G.L. c. 12 §11I;
State Statutory Laws
M.G.L.
M.G.L.
M.G.L.
M.G.L.
c.
c.
c.
c.
151B
93 §§102 and 103
12 §11I
214 §1C
Significant Cases:
Black v. School Committee of Malden, 365 Mass. 197 (1974)
Wheelock College v. Massachusetts Commission Against
Discrimination, 371 Mass. 130 (1976)
Rock v. MCAD, 384 Mass. 198, 424 N.E.2d 244 (1981)
College-Town, Division of Interco v. MCAD, 400 Mass. 156 (1987)
Brunson v. Wall, 405 Mass. 446 (1989)
Conway v. Electro Switch Corp., 402 Mass. 385 (1988)
Christo v. Edward G. Boyle Agency, Inc., 402 Mass. 815 (1988)
Lynn Teachers Union, Local 1037 v. MCAD, 406 Mass. 515 (1990)
Drinkwater v. School Committee of Boston, 406 Mass. 756 (1990)
Lewis v. Area II Homecare for Senior Citizens, Inc., 397 Mass. 761
(1986)
Smith College v. MCAD, 376 Mass. 221 (1978)
New York & Massachusetts Motor Service, Inc. v. MCAD, 401 Mass. 566
(1988)
Pryor v. Holiday Inns, Inc., 401 Mass. 506 (1988)
Brunner v. Stone Webster Engineering Corp., 413 Mass. 698 (1992)
Cox v. New England Telephone & Telegraph, 414 Mass. 375
(1993)
Class 14:
Fontaine v. Ebtec Corporation, 415 Mass. 309 (1993)
Lysak v. The Seiler Corporation, 415 Mass. 625 (1993)
Charland v. Muzi Motors, Inc., 417 Mass. 580 (1994)
Agin v. Federal White Cement, Inc., 417 Mass. 669
(1994)
Dalis v. Buyer Advertising, Inc., 418 Mass. 220 (1994)
Attorney General v. Desilets, 418 Mass. 316 (1994)
Blare v. Husky Injection Molding Systems Boston, Inc., 419
Mass. 437 (1995)
Garrity v. United Airlines, Inc., 421 Mass. 55 (1995)
Green v. Wyman-Gordon Company, 422 Mass. 551 (1996)
Doe v. Purity Supreme, Inc., 422 Mass. 563 (1996)
McCormack v. Boston Edison Company, 423 Mass. 652 (1996)
Pielech v. Massasoit Greyhound, Inc., 423 Mass. 534
(1996)
Melnychenko v. 84 Lumber Company, 424 Mass. 285 (1997)
Bain v. City of Springfield, 424 Mass. 758 (1997)
LaBonte v. Hutchins & Wheeler, 424 Mass. 813 (1997)
Dartt v. Browning-Ferris Industries, Inc., 427 Mass. 1 (1998)
Blanchette v. School Committee of Westwood, 427 Mass. 176 (1998)
Wynn & Wynn, P.C. v. MCAD, 431 Mass. 655 (2000)
Abramian v. President & Fellows of Harvard College, 432 Mass. 107
(2000)
Dahill v. Police Dept. of Boston, 434 Mass. 233, 748 N.E.2d 956 (2001)
Lipchitz v. Raytheon Company, 434 Mass. 493 (2001)
Weber v. Community Teamwork, Inc., 434 Mass. 761 (2001)
Knight v. Avon Products, Inc., 438 Mass. 413, 780 N.E.2d 1255, 90 F.E.P.
Cas. (BNA) 1461 (2003)
Chief Justice for Admininstration & Management v. MCAD, 439 Mass.
729, 791 N.E.2d 316, 92 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 494 (2003)
Mole v. University of Massachusetts, 442 Mass. 582, 814 N.E.2d 329, 94
F.E.P.Cas. (BNA) 1264 (2004)
Stonehill College v. Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination, 441
Mass. 549, 808 N.E.2d 205, 94 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1641 (2004)
Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. v. Massachusetts Commission Against
Discrimination, 441 Mass. 632, 808 N.E.2d 257, 15 A.D. Cas. (BNA) 984
(2004)
Modern Continental/Obayashi v. Massachusetts Commission Against
Discrimination, 445 Mass. 96, 833 N.E.2d 1130, 96 F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1138,
86 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 42,081 (2005)
Sullivan v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 444 Mass. 34, 825 N.E.2d 522, 95
F.E.P. Cas. (BNA) 1084 (2005)
Ayash v. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 443 Mass. 367, 822 N.E.2d 667, 22
I.E.R. Cas. (BNA) 703, (2005)
Class 15: Review