3AB PES – Revision Worksheets – Functional Anatomy
Label the following parts of the skeletal muscle on the diagram below
Muscle belly, muscle fibre, fascicle
Label the following parts of the skeletal muscle on the diagram below
Sarcomere, actin filament, myosin filament, Z lines, H Zone, A Band, I Band, Myofibril
Complete the following table about the types of muscular contraction
Type of Contraction
Definition
What happens at sarcomere level
Isometric
Concentric
Eccentric
List 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages of training using each type of contraction
Contraction Type Advantages of this training
Isometric
Isotonic
(Concentric and
Ecentric)
Isokinetic
Disadvantages of this training
List 5 factors that affect the development of muscle force
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Describe the following relationships that exist when developing muscle force
Force-velocity
Diagram / Graph
Force-length
Diagram / Graph
Fill in the missing words
The greatest amount of force can be developed during an ________________contraction,
when there is no movement in the muscle
When movement is required, the maximum force (power) can be generated by performing
movements at approximately __________________ of maximum velocity
The greatest amount of force can be generated when most cross-bridges are engaged, this
being somewhere near the _________________ of a joints range of motion
________________ muscles have the potential to move joints through a greater range of
motion, ___________________ muscles have the potential to generate greater force.
Define the CNS and the PNS.
Motor Neurons
Define / describe the following components of motor neurons
Motor Neuron
Axon
Dendrite
Cell Body
Motor Unit
Explain the “all or nothing principle” of motor neuron stimulation
Explain how the body can control the contraction force of each muscle depending on the force
required. (Discuss the size principle and preferential recruitment).
What is meant by the term ‘recruitment’ or ‘firing’ of muscle fibres. Explain the difference
between synchronous and asynchronous firing.
Complete the following table about muscle fibre types
Slow twitch (type 1)
Fast twitch (type 2a)
Contraction Speed
Endurance qualities
Main energy system
Size
Colour
Fast twitch (type 2b)
Explain how sprint athletes are born not made (in terms of muscle fibre type)
Long Answer Question
Explain the whole process of muscle contraction from the first message sent from the brain
until the completion of the movement. Include an explanation of the sliding filament theory and
the different types of contraction. You may wish to include diagrams.
Diagrams