APUSH -Unit IV Study Guide – Sectionalism and the National Economy
Pages 243- 254 – J.Q. Adams’ Foreign Policy and Justice Marshall’s Federalism
Vocabulary- Panic of 1819, Butternuts, Tallmadge Amendment, Missouri Compromise,
“peculiar institution”, 36, 30 line, McCulloch vs. Maryland, John Marshall, Cohens vs.
Virginia, Gibbons vs. Ogden, Fletcher vs. Peck, Dartmouth College vs. Woodward, John Q.
Adams, Andrew Jackson, Treaty of 1818 w/ Britain, Adams-Onis Treaty, Latin American
Revolutions, Monroe Doctrine
1. What political and social impacts did the Panic of 1819 have?
2. In what way did the Old Northwest reflect the growing sense of sectionalism between the
north and south?
3. How was the slavery issue tied to the balance of power in the U.S. Congress?
4. What were the terms of the Missouri Compromise?
5. Take each case listed above and explain how Marshall’s decisions strengthened Federal
power and challenged states’ rights?
6. What were the foreign policy goals of J.Q. Adams?
7. How did the treaties listed above and the Monroe Doctrine symbolize a growing sense of
nationalism in America?
Pages 302 - 318 – Transportation Revolution and a National Economy
Vocabulary – factory system, Eli Whitney, interchangeable parts, assembly line, Elias Howe,
Isaac Singer, Samuel Morse, “wage slaves”, Industrial Revolution, “scabs”, Commonwealth vs.
Hunt, “Factory girls”, Cotton Kingdom, John Deere, Cyrus McCormick, turnpike, Cumberland
(National) Road, Robert Fulton, Clermont, Erie Canal (Clinton’s Big Ditch), Railroads (Iron
Horse), standard gauge, clipper ships, Pony Express, Market Revolution, mechanization, Charles
River Bridge case.
1. How did the spread of the factory system change the traditional work force in America
for both men and women?
2. How did the revolution in transportation help to create a national market and economy
based on interdependency between regions?
3. How did the improvements in transportation create closer economic ties between the
northeast and the western states of the upper Mississippi River?
4. What social, economic and political impacts did the Erie Canal have on New York state?
5. How did the Charles River Bridge case help to end monopolies and encourage more
entrepreneurial enterprises?
Pages 287 – 301
350 - 356
Economic Sectionalism and its impact on politics
Vocabulary – Irish and German immigration, “nativism”, Samuel Slater, Moses Brown, Eli
Whitney’s Cotton “gin”, Cotton Kingdom, Planter “aristocracy”, plantation system.
1. What contribution did the Irish and Germans provide for America?
2. How did economic regional specialization contribute to both nationalism and
sectionalism?
3. How did the northern economy and society differ from the south? What were the causes
of these differences? How did economic differences lead to political debate in Congress?