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Cellular Respiration
Animated Tutorial 6.1 Two Experiments Demonstrate the Chemiosmotic Mechanism
1. How does the hydrogen proton gradient relate to the pH of the compartments of the
mitochondria?
2. What is the fuel that the mitochondria uses to make ATP?
3. What direction do the protons move in regards to compartments of the mitochondria?
4. What is the role of ATP Synthase in the proton gradient?
Activity 6.1 ATP and Couple Reactions
1. Is energy made or consumed during exergonic reactions?
2. How does the amount of free energy produced in a reaction compare with the delta G value?
3. What type of reactions is considered spontaneous?
Animated Tutorial 6.2 Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis
1. How many ATP molecules are produced during cellular respiration in the mitochondria?
2. How many membranes compose the mitochondria?
3. What molecules fuel the respiratory chain?
4. Summarize the flow of electron in the creation of ATP?
Activity 6.2 The Citric Acid Cycle
1. In pyruvate oxidation, what molecule is produced?
2. What molecule is converted into ATP?
Activity 6.3 Respiratory Chain
1. What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain? What is this converted to?
2. Where are the hydrogen ions concentrated during the electron transport chain?
Activity 6.4 Glycolysis and Fermentation
1. What pathway is taken when oxygen is not available?
2. What are the outputs of the Citric Acid Cycle?
3. What part of respiration takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane?
4. What are the products of pyruvate oxidation?
5. Where does glycolysis occur in the cell, and what are the products?
Activity 6.5 Energy Levels
1. Which step of cellular respiration produces the greatest amount of energy?
2. Which step produces the least amount of energy?
3. Which step generates the most NADH?
4. Which step uses ATP to get started?
Activity 6.6 Regulation of Energy Pathways
1. How is the enzyme phosphofructokinase allosterically inhibited in glycolysis?
2. How is the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase allosterically inhibited in the citric acid cycle?
Photosynthesis
Animated Tutorial 6.3 Photophosphorylation
1. Describe the basic structure of a chloroplast.
2. What is the job of the photosystems in the chloroplast?
3. What is the job of ATP Synthase in photosynthesis?
4. How does the chlorophyll become oxidized?
5. What is the water used for?
6. What gas is produced?
Animated Tutorial 6.4 The Source of Oxygen Produced by Photosynthesis
1. Where does water enter the plant for photosynthesis?
2. Where does carbon dioxide enter the plant for photosynthesis? What are the openings
called?
3. What are the 2 reactants of photosynthesis? What is the energy source for the reaction?
4. What are the 3 products of photosynthesis?
5. Where does the oxygen produced during photosynthesis come from?
Animated Tutorial 6.5 Tracing the Pathway of CO2
1. Where does the light reactions of photosynthesis take place in the chloroplasts?
2. Where does the dark reactions of photosynthesis take place in the chloroplasts?
3. What is produced during the light reactions?
4. What is produced during the dark reactions?
5. What is an alternative name for the dark reactions? Why is the name appropriate? What is
being converted into what?
6. What molecule did researchers find to be the carbon dioxide acceptor in the Calvin Cycle
(dark reactions) of photosynthesis?
Activity 6.7 The Calvin Cycle
1. Summarize the steps involved in the creation of sugars during the Calvin Cycle.