Chapter 3: Cells and Tissues flashcards
Interphase
late interphase is when DNA replicates
interphase
Prophase
nuclear membrane dissolves, chromatids
shorten and become visible, centrioles
move to opposite poles and make spindle
fibers
Prophase
Metaphase
chromatids line up down the middle of
the cell and attach to spindle fibers
Metaphase
Anaphase
centromere and chromatids split apart
and start being pulled toward opposite
poles
Late Anaphase
Telophase
nuclear membrane reforms, cell begins
pinching in the middle, eventually
forming two daughter cells
Telophase
–In relation to protein synthesis, describe the roles of DNA and of the three varieties of RNA.
DNA
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm
r-RNA
Two strands of RNA made in the nucleolus; after formation, they move out of the nucleus
through the nuclear pores. Once in the cytoplasm, the shapes change and the two parts join to
make a ribosome.
t-RNA
Transfer RNA, responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis
m-
Messenger RNA, responsible for binding to a ribosome, then getting translated into a protein
RNA
sequence. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/#
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/transcribe/
Fibroblasts
Erythrocytes
http://www.kumc.edu/instruction/medicine/anatomy/histo
web/epithel/epithel.htm
Epithelial cell
Skeletal muscle and smooth muscle
Fat cell
Sperm
Body Tissues

Name the four major tissue types and their chief subcategories. Explain how the four
major tissue types differ structurally and functionally.
http://www.microanatomy.net/index.htm#epithelia

http://w

ww.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/Histo/frames/histo_frames.html
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/histoprc/prac1q.htm
abnormal mass of proliferating or
growing cells
simple squamous
epithelium
Simple cuboidal
epithelium
Simple columnar
epithelium
Pseudostratified
columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous
epithelium
Stratified cuboidal
Stratified columnar
Transitional
epithelium
Glandular epithelium
Connective tissue
Bone
Cartilage – hyaline
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage
Dense connective tissue (dense fibrous, tendons,
ligaments)
Loose connective tissue:
Areolar tissue
Adipose tissue
Reticular connective tissue
Dense connective tissue
Muscle
Blood
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Nervous
Neurons

Give the chief locations of the various
tissue types in the body.
Epithelial
found on the exterior
of the body, lining
the mouth and
digestive tract, lining
the respiratory
system and lining the
Connective tissue
Muscle
Nervous
Benign
tubules in many other
organs and glands
found everywhere in
the body where
support or bundling
of cells is needed.
found along every
bone, in the heart and
in every organ or
gland containing
tubules
found everywhere in
the body, but
concentrated in the
brain and spinal cord
area. Dendrites are
found everywhere a
cell can be controlled
by a nerve.
non-cancerous
neoplasm or
abnormal mass of
proliferating or
Malignant
Amitotic tissues
growing cells
Cancerous
neoplasm or
abnormal mass of
proliferating or
growing cells
do not re-grow if
lost or damaged; do
not have stem cells;
cannot undergo
mitosis; examples
are nerve cells and
cardiac muscle cells