Phonology
Transcribing words
Dog
Cat
Boy
Girl
Man
Women
Father
Mother
Brother
Sister
Home
Ridge
Mountain
Letter
Think
Work
Walk
Thing
Long
Cheap
Fear
Buy
Bought
Bright
Famous
Treatment
Colour
Bigger
Largest
Redness
What aspects of connected speech can you find in these examples
1
Joan Keys
/ʤəʊ ki:z/
____________________________________________
Best man
/besmæn/
____________________________________________
Would you mind?
/wʊʤu maɪnd/
____________________________________________
We used to play
/wi: ju:stə pleɪ/
____________________________________________
Do you like it?
/ʤə laɪk ɪt/
____________________________________________
Ten million
/tem mɪljən/
____________________________________________
Bad boy
/bæb bɔɪ/
____________________________________________
Did you help?
/dɪʤu help/
____________________________________________
She has to go
/ʃi hæstə gəʊ/
____________________________________________
She called you
/ ʃi kɔ:lʤu/
____________________________________________
2
Which Standard British English pure vowels or diphthongs can be found in the following
positions?
a

b

c

d

e

Label the pictures with the symbol and description of the phoneme represented. N.1 has already
been done (5 marks).
Choose from the following Phonemes: //, /b/, /m/, /t/, /θ/
Descriptions: voiced bilabial nasal stop, voiceless alveolar stop, voiceless interdental fricative,
voiced bilabial stop, voiced post-alveolar fricative
1
Phoneme
Description
/z/
Voiced alveolar
fricative
2
3
4
5
6

Phonology – extra exercises (will not appear in exam)
1
Rewrite the following transcription in ordinary script and find examples of the following:
assimilation of place (2):
yod coalescence (3):
r-linking (2):
elision of alveolars (3):
?
















?


WEAK FORMS 1
a)
Is this going to work?
b)
I was waiting for you!
c)
She was here yesterday.
d)
The war started last year.
e)
It was Frank's idea.
f)
Bob ate most of the ice-cream.
g)
Their house is right on the beach.
h)
Where did you put the hammer?
i)
Let them go!
j)
I need to stop for petrol.










WEAK FORMS 2
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
Where did you buy that jacket?
I would like to live in the country.
She plays the guitar quite well.
Venice is a lovely place for a holiday.
My Dad plays in a band.
It takes fifteen minutes to get to the airport.
Where did you learn to drive like that?
I hope she's coming.
Tom went to Spain last year.
There are too many toys on the ground.
WEAK FORMS 3
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
They went to the station.
Do you think we should stay?
She said she was from France.
I rented a car in Manchester.
Where did you buy it?
She's very generous.
All you need is an e-mail account.
Four of them stayed in the hotel.
Give her some chocolate.
Are any of you able to drive?




















Morphology
Divide these words into morphemes:
election
similarity
sincerity
familiarize
worship
inaugural
hopelessly
realize
terrorize
agricultural
sponsorship
completion
central
romanticize
hospitalisation
facial
friendship
vulgarize
vitality
additional
conclusion
maturity
underpaid
specialize
validity
contribution
generosity
commercial
seize
scholarship
Draw tree diagrams for these words:
Hospitalisation – hopelessly – familiarize – additional – romanticize
Word formation
By which processes have these words been formed?
Compounding, Affixation, Blending, Clipping/Truncation or use of Acronyms
Airbag
Motel
Friendship
NATO
Fax (facsimile)
Syntax
1
Draw tree diagrams for these clauses:

The French man spoke quietly.

A young man walked into the office.
Paycheck
To email sb
Kingdom
Andy (Andrew)
Give me a go
2
Define the verbs in the following sentences. Choose from: Intransitive, Transitive,
Ditransitive, Intransitive Locational Verb, Transitive Directional Verb.
I gave John a piece of cake.
Fred kicked the box into a corner.
Peter stood in the corner.
Jane left quietly.
I told him about the play.
3
Classify these nouns on the following basis
concrete
common
count
animate
human
Peter
Meat
Car
Horse
Suspicion
Vs.
abstract
proper
mass
inanimate
non-human