Unit 3 Fricatives and Affricates
/f, v, s, z, F, V,W, T,
h, r/
/tF, dV /
Learning Objectives
 What are fricatives and affricates?
 How to discriminate and pronounce
fricatives and affricates correctly?
Fricatives: // // /W/ /T/ /s/ // /F/ /V/ /h/ /r/
/f/- voiceless labiodental fricative
/v/- voiced labiodental fricative
/W/- voiceless dental fricative
/T/- voiced dental fricative
/s/- voiceless alveolar fricatives
/z/- voiced alveolar fricative
/F/- voiceless post-alveolar fricative
/V/- voiced post-alveolar fricative
/h/- voiceless glottal fricative
/r/- voiced post-alveolar approximant
What are fricatives?
 Fricatives are made by partially blocking the
airflow, thus causing the friction-like noise
characteristic of these sounds.
What are affricates?
•English has two affricates ----- plosives released with
frication –---just like "church" and "judge".
/tF/- voiceless post-alveolar affricate
/dV/- voiced post-alveolar affricate
/ r/
 /r/ is called an approximant in this book, in
other books, it is called a fricative or
frictionless-continuant according to the
manner of articulation.
Homework
 Listening and Speaking Practice
Page 26---33