C-5
THE CELL
An
Ex-CELL-ent
Life-building
and
Life-learning Experience!
Team E Science
Mrs. P
February 2008
NAME: ____________________________________________________________________________
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRO……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..3
CALENDAR………………………………………………………………………………………………………4
CELL CARD DIRECTIONS ……………………………………….………………………………..…5
BOX DIRECTIONS and IDEAS………….………………………………………………………6-7
BOX RUBRICS………………………………………………………………………………………………8-9
REVIEW …………………………………..…………………………………………………………………10-12
JOURNAL #12…………………………………………………………………………………………........ 13
CELL CARD MATERIALS……………………………………………………………………14-20
2
INTRODUCTION
Since we’ve had the chance to discuss where the universe and life came from as well as the basic
“uh-duh’s” of the cell, we can finally get down to work and actually begin to study that building
block (a.k.a. box!) that we’ve been talking about.
Let’s study THE CELL!
The first major questions in our cell unit are:

What is the structure and function of the organelles of the cell?

What are the differences between plant and animal cells?

How are cells organized to make multi-cellular organisms?
To accomplish an understanding of the answers to these questions we are going to…
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Create study cards that illustrate the structure and function of 18 major cell organelles.
Create a study card that describes THREE main differences between plant and animal
cells.
Create a study card that diagrams how cells are organized to make multi-cellular
organisms.
Build our own building “box” of life models with materials that demonstrate we
understand the structure and function of 18 major organelles of the cell.
Do a journal that makes us think a little deeper about the structure and function of cells.
Practice 2x’s for a quiz!
Take a quiz!
PLEASE NOTE: The following website will be a special aid in the work we do to accomplish the
above tasks. Please explore it on your own…there are games, puzzles, and several interactive links
that will help you become ONE WITH THE CELL (which you already kind of are because you’re
made of cells!)
www.cellsalive.com
3
Calendar of Events
DATE
ACTIVITY/ASSIGNMENT
Thursday 2/7
(1)
Intro to Unit, Start ID’ing organelles
HW: Study ID’d organelles
Friday 2/8
(2)
Finish ID’ing organelles
HW: Study ID’d organelles
Monday 2/11
and
Tuesday 2/12 (3,4)
Assemble organelle cards, do extra cards (Plant vs. Animal, Multi org.)
HW: Study cards, do review quiz I (due WED), final cards (due
THURS)
Wednesday 2/13
(1)
Start planning session for boxes,
Review quiz I due/go over
HW: Study cards – make sure they are in “hand-in” condition for
tomorrow, bring in cell box materials
Thursday 2/14
(2)
Collect and check cards, begin work on Boxes of Life
HW: Study cards, bring in cell box materials
Friday 2/15
(3)
MR. GILBERT’S MOVIE DAY!
Monday 2/25 –
Wednesday 2/27
(4-2)
Assign review quiz II (due on WED 2/27),
Work on boxes (due on WED 2/27)
HW: Do review quiz II (due WED), Study cards, bring in cell box
materials
Thursday 2/28
and
Friday 2/29 (3, 4)
Work on Journal #12 (due MON 3/3) and list of box organelles explanations
typed up (due at END of period)
HW: Study cards, do Journal #12 (due MON)
Monday 3/3 (1)
Review day – go over quiz
Journal #12 due (share jnl 12)
HW: Study cards for quiz TOMORROW!
Tuesday 3/4 (2)
Quiz on organelles, plant vs. animal, multi-cell org. organization
Wednesday 3/5
And
Thursday 3/6
(3,4)
Box of Life Presentations!
Begin Microscope Work (?)
4
CELL CARD DIRECTIONS
STEP ONE.
Make 2 general reference cards that will have pictures of the plant and animal cells on one side
and the list of corresponding organelles on the other side. Pages 14-15 have the information that
you will need to correctly match, cut out, and arrange on each card. These cards will look like
the following pictures.
FRONT
BACK
STEP TWO.
You will make 18 organelle cards that include the name, appearance, and function of the
organelles. Pages 16-20 have the information that you will need to correctly match, cut out, and
arrange on each card. Use the interactive cell models on www.cellsalive.com to help you
correctly match the organelle pictures and functions. Each card will look like the following
pictures.
FRONT
BACK
STEP THREE.
You will make 2 “special” info cards. One will outline the three main differences between plant
and animal cells. The other will outline how cells are “organized” into multi-cellular organisms.
Mrs. P will work directly help you in making these cards these cards.
STEP FOUR.
USE your cards! Study them! Get a study partner or use them solo!
Pages 10-12 of this packet contain some practice pages to help you put to work what you learn
from your cards. You will also be given two taken-home practice quizzes to practice with before
the actual in-class quiz.
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Directions and Ideas for your “Building Box of Life” Project
There are MANY different things you can use to represent the organelles in your “Building Box of
Life.” Most of the items that you could use or make are found in your home! There is no need to go
out and buy materials unless there is something special you need or something regular that you just
don’t have at home! But remember, you’ve got a partner in this construction project…so between
the two of you, someone has got to have the right stuff!
1. Here’s idea for your own play-doh (you can make models of organelles out of it!)…
Play-doh recipe: This makes about 850g (30oz)
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1 C soda (salt for baking)
1 C flour
1 C corn starch
4 t cream of tarter
2 T oil
1-3/4 C water
2. Here are some ideas for materials for cell parts…but try not to depend upon this list!
Think outside of the box (i.e. the “typical way of thinking” box, silly!)
1. Cytoplasm -- play-doh (plain - approx. 260g or 8oz)*
2. Endoplasmic reticulum -- yarn or cooked spaghetti
3. Ribosomes -- pepper
4. Mitochondria -- play-doh (purple - approx. 7g)**
5. Vacuole -- plastic-bubble packing
6. Lysosome -- play-doh (red - approx. 5g)
7. Chloroplasts -- play-doh (green - approx. 10g)
8. Cell wall -- aluminum foil (approx. 12" X 7")
9. Cell membrane -- plastic wrap (approx. 12" X 16")
10. Nucleus -- play-doh (blue - approx. 20g)
11. Nuclear membrane -- plastic wrap (approx. 3"X6")
12. Chromosomes -- pencil shavings
3. Here’s a website that has pictures of student cell models!
http://www.edu.pe.ca/gray/class_pages/rcfleming/cells/demos.htm
4. Why not investigate other websites? Or, even talk to your family and friends about
ideas? Science is ALL about sharing your thoughts and hypotheses. SO, SHARE! (Most
importantly, don’t forget that you HAVE TO share your ideas with your “cellular partner!”)
IMPORTANT: Each partner needs to take responsibility for a portion of the project. To ensure
this responsibility happens, it is highly suggested that one person builds the plant box and the
other builds the animal box. If you have a group of three (or you’re a really enthusiastic group of
two), please see Mrs. P for an alternative box project!
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PLANNING SHEET FOR BUILDING BOX OF LIFE
Organelle
Cell Membrane
Material(s)
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Chromosomes/DNA
Nucleolus
Nuclear Membrane
Rough ER
Ribosomes
Smooth ER
Mitochondria
Golgi Apparatus
Vacuoles
Plant
Animal
Lysosome
Peroxisome
Centrioles (not plant)
Cell Wall (not animal)
Chloroplasts
(not animal)
PARTNER(S): ___________________________________________________________________
Email/Phone#(s): _________________________________________________________________
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TEAMWORK RUBRIC
PROJECT/LESSON:
DATE:
TEAM NAME:
TEAM MEMBERS:
GRADE and REASONING
TEAMWORK
Rate yourselves AS A GROUP on a scale of 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent).
CHARACTERISTIC Half points are allowable. Give a reason or evidence for why you
deserve the grade you have assigned to yourselves.
COMMUNICATION
How well did you
communicate
knowledge and needs
with one another?
COOPERATION
How well did you work
together to get the job
done?
RESPONSIBILITY
Did everyone
individually do their
share?
RESPECT
Did everyone value
each other’s responses
and effort?
TOTAL GRADE
(out of 20)
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Cell Organelle Summary Review Sheet
DIRECTIONS: Use this sheet to organize your thoughts about each organelle’s structure
and function!
Organelle
Picture
Location
Function
Cell Type
1. Cell Membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. Cytoskeleton
4. Nucleus
5. Chromosomes
or DNA
6. Nuclear
Membrane
7. Nucleolus
8. Rough ER
9.
Ribosomes
10
10.
Smooth ER
11.
Mitochondria
12.
Golgi Body
13.
Vacuole
14.
Lysosome
15.
Peroxisome
16.
Centrioles
17.
Cell Wall
18.
Cholorplast
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Plant vs. Animal Cells
and
Multi-cellular Organism Organization
Summary Review Sheet
DIRECTIONS: Use this sheet to organize your thoughts about the differences between plant
and animal cells as well as how multi-cellular organisms are “organized.”
Fill in the table with the information behind the THREE major organelles differences that
plant cells have compared to animal cells.
ORGANELLE
Why plants have it and animals cells don’t
Fill in the spaces between the arrows to show how cells are organized into multi-cellular
organisms.
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Journal Entry #12
Wrappin’ up The Cell
February 2008
DUE ON 3/3
Now that we have explored the organelles of the cell, it is time to think a little deeper and extend
some of our new cellular knowledge. This is also a great way to review for the quiz!
1) Identify which organelle or organelles that you learned about would be BEST at helping the
cell deal with the following situations. Explain why you selected the organelle(s) that you
did. Look to your Cell Study Cards for help!
a) A plant cell has been going through the process of photosynthesis. Which organelle would
be responsible for capturing the sun energy needed for the plant to make food energy?
Which organelle would be responsible for breaking down the excess hydrogen peroxide
that gets produced in the cell as a result of photosynthesis?
b) The muscle cells in a man’s arms are being used to lift weights at the gym. What
organelle would be in charge of creating the energy to make this possible?
c) An animal cell is getting ready to divide and make more cells. Which organelle would help
to organize and separate the genetic material for each of the cells that are going to be
made?
d) The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum in a cell is producing lots of protein. It packages it
into vesicles that will transport the protein to another part of the cell to be processed.
What organelle of the cell will receive the protein for further modifications and packaging?
e) A cell needs to repair its cell membrane by replacing some of the lipids and proteins in it.
Which organelle would be in charge of processing the materials for making this possible?
2) Create your OWN organelle. Think about all the organelles that you learned about and what
they do for the cell. Are any of the life processes not fully covered by the organelles? Is there
something special that you would like cells to be able to do?
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Draw your organelle.
Describe where in the cell you can find it.
Explain its function and why you thought that it was important that cells
have this additional organelle.
3) Research ONE of the following words or topics. Write a short paragraph that explains the
meaning of the word or topic you selected and its connection to our recent “learnings” about
the cell. CITE WHERE YOU GOT YOUR INFORMATION FROM!
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Phagocytosis
Autolysis
How Cells Communicate
The Fact that Mitochondria and Chloroplasts contain their very own DNA!
The Lipid Bi-layer of the Cell Membrane…Hydrophillic vs. Hydrophobic
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PLANT CELL ORGANELLES
1. Cell Membrane
2. Cytoplasm
10. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Smooth ER)
11. Mitochondria
3. Cytoskeleton
12.
Golgi Body (w/ vesicles)
4. Nucleus
13.
Vacuole
5. Chromosomes
14.
Lysosome (a vesicle)
6. Nucleolus
15.
Peroxisome (a vesicle)
7. Nuclear Membrane
17.
Cell Wall
8. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Rough ER)
9. Ribosomes
18.
Chloroplasts
ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLES
1. Cell Membrane
9. Ribosomes
2. Cytoplasm
10.
3. Cytoskeleton
11.
Mitochondria
4. Nucleus
12.
Golgi Body (w/ vesicles)
5. Chromosomes
13.
Vacuoles
6. Nucleolus
14.
Lysosome
7. Nuclear Membrane
15.
Peroxisome
8. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(Rough ER)
16.
Centrioles
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum (Smooth ER)
14
15
13.
Vacuoles
14.
Lysosome (a vesicle)
15.
Peroxisome
(a vesicle)
3. Cytoskeleton
16.
Centrioles
4. Nucleus
17.
Cell Wall
5. Chromosomes
18.
Chloroplasts
LIST OF ORGANELLES
1. Cell Membrane
2. Cytoplasm
6. Nucleolus
7. Nuclear Membrane
8. Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum (Rough ER)
9. Ribosomes
10.
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum (Smooth ER)
11. Mitochondria
12.
Golgi Body
(w/ vesicles)
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ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS
 A type of vesicle (storage and transport unit)
 CHEMICALLY breaks down H2O2 (hydrogen
peroxide) into H2O and O2
 Hydrogen Peroxide is a waste product produced
by some cells (e.g. plant cells produce it during
 “Doorway” for nucleus
 Controls what goes in and out of nucleus
 Keeps genetic material (chromosomes) in one
location within the cell
 Made of two layers like the cell membrane
 Gives cell shape and support
 Acts as a “doorway” to the cell - allows certain
materials in and out through the processes of
ACTIVE TRANSPORT (transport that requires
energy) and PASSIVE TRANSPORT (i.e.
 Control center of cell
 Contains genetic (i.e. hereditary) material of cell
(chromosomes) that gives the cell its
characteristics and tells the cell what to do
 PRESENT IN EUKARYOTES ONLY
(prokaryotes are single-cellular organisms that
photosynthesis and white blood cells produce it
to destroy bacteria…notice that the breaking
down of hydrogen peroxide is a chemical
reaction involves the BREAKING of bonds
between atoms!).
DIFFUSION – transport of materials w/o
energy and OSMOSIS – transport of water w/o
energy)
have genetic material that is NOT enclosed by a
nuclear membrane)
 Made of lipids (fats) and proteins produced in
Smooth ER – consists of TWO layers!
 PLANT CELLS ONLY!
 Extra layer of protection around plant cell
 Gives cell shape with the help of the big water
vacuole
 Made of cellulose (i.e. a polysaccharide)
 Makes ribosomes
 Found inside nucleus
 Transports protein throughout the cell
 With ribosomes, it helps in making proteins for
cell
 Proteins are molecules that help the cell
function and know what to do
 PLANT CELLS ONLY!
 Organelle in plant cell that contains a green
pigment/substance called chlorophyll
 Chlorophyll traps sun energy so that the
chloroplast can change the light energy into
food energy for plant
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Gives cell shape
Helps cell to move
Anchors organelles
Directs the “traffic” of the cell (e.g. vesicles from
Golgi body)
 Helps the rough ER make protein for the cell
 Made in the nucleolus
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 Made of DNA (i.e Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
 DNA contains genetic information that tells the
cell how to function and what to do – i.e. the
DNA is an “Information booklet” for cell
 The information within the DNA molecules
holds the directions for how to make proteins for
the cell; this information is interpreted by the
ribosomes and rough ER
 Made of mostly water (the water part is called
the cytosol)
 Also includes all the organelles
 Contains the cytoskeleton that holds organelles
in place
 Provides cell with shape and support
 A type of vesicle (storage and transport unit)
 Breaks down waste (e.g. old organelles) and
bacteria in cell
 Helps in making and modifying (i.e. changing
the form of) lipids and proteins – especially for
building and repairing the cell membrane
 “Powerhouse” of cell – produces the energy that
the cell needs to perform all of its functions… it
changes glucose (i.e. a molecule that stores the
energy the organism obtains from food or
sunlight) into ATP (i.e. a molecule that is
immediately useable by the cell)
 Kidney bean-shaped – inside are many folds
called cristae that allow for more glucose to be
changed into ATP
 Stores waste, food, and water in both animal
and plant cells
 In a plant cell there is A VERY LARGE version
of this organelle in which ONLY water is
stored…when it is full of water, it creates turgor
pressure against the cell wall and gives plant
cell shape
 ANIMAL CELLS ONLY!
 Found in the area of the cell called the
centrosome
 Helps organize and separate chromosomes for
cell division (i.e. when the cell is going to divide
to make more of itself).
 Contains microtubules that produce the
spindles (i.e. threads that organize and separate
chromosomes during cell division)
 Plants cells do not have them, but do have a
centrosome (i.e. spindles are still produced, and
cell division still happens!)
 Modifies (i.e. changes the form of), , packages,
stores, and ships off materials produced within
the cell
 Modifying and packaging occurs in the “body”
 Storing and shipping occurs in the
vesicles…these vesicles transport the materials
throughout the cell
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