1 under the same roof
Part I Getting ready
The family, being the basic living unit of society, is the social group with which every
individual is most closely connected. On the whole, families in the world can basically be
divided into four types: joint families, nuclear families, enlarged families and incomplete
families, among which nuclear families are becoming more and more popular with the rapid
economic development in most countries.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit, listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. kindergarten: a school or class for young children, usually four to six years old, that
prepares them for fist grade
2. nursery school: a school for very young children, usually three to five years of age
3. kid: a child or young person
4. stability: steadiness, the state of being not likely to separate, break down or fall apart
5. discipline: n. strict control to enforce obedience; punishment
v. Control, train, punish
6. divorce: legal ending of a marriage
7. care for: look after, take charge of
8.coo: speak gently and lovely
9.wedding: the act or ceremony of becoming married
10.bride: a woman who has just been married or is about to be married
you are going to hear some people talking about pictures of their families. Listen carefully
and identify which one of the following pictures each person is talking about.
1. ___________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4.____________
Part II A birthday present
Nothing in life is as good as the marriage of true minds between man and woman, but it
requires great care to keep this tender plant alive. Remember, happiness is a perpetual
rejoicing is small events——a gift, a gentle smile, a small sticky kiss.
A John has just opened his birthday present from his wife, Mary. Before listening to the
following dialogue, you will hear several questions about it on the tape. Write down the
questions.
Question 1: ____________________________________________________________
Question 2: ____________________________________________________________
Question 3: ____________________________________________________________
Question 4: ____________________________________________________________
B Now listen to the dialogue. While listening for the first time, take down key points in the
left-hand column. After the second listening, give brief answers to the above questions.
C Now listen to the dialogue again. Pay special attention to the names of people and places
and all the telephone numbers. Complete the following chart.
Names of people/places
Telephone Numbers
the bank
76763
the dentist
757412
the station
the flower shop/the florist
john and Jane
67545
Part III Family life then and now
As one gets on in years, he/she is always inclined to remember the good old days: how
delicious the food was, how cheap things were, how obedient children were and how
unsophisticated people were.
Josephine Dives and Gertrude Smith, two members of the older generation, are talking
about their childhood in Britain 70 years ago.
A Now listen to the following conversation. While listening for the fist time, add more key
words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the questions.
Questions
1. why does Josephine feel that there was more stability in family life 70 years ago? Fill in
the blank.
Because in those days, nobody expected the families to ___________.
2. According to Gertrude, people also did some thins not so good years ago. What were they?
__________, ___________and drug-taking.
3. Josephine’s mother did a great deal of work outside. What was she interested in? Fill in
the blank.
She was interested in the Nursing Association_____________money for it.
4. where did Gertrude’s father work?
_________________ at Victoria Station.
5. why did Gertrude’s mother go out so much with her friends? Fill in the blank.
Because life at that time was not ________ and it was a relief for her to go out.
6. according to Josephine, since there was neither television nor radio in those days, what did
children use to do in the evenings?
________________________________________________
7. how does Josephine explain that there were more discipline in families 70 years ago? Fill
in the blanks.
She says, at that time, she couldn’t__________ with any friends of her own until she was
about __________.
B Now try this: listen to more authentic version of the conversation and decide whether
the statements after the conversation are True or False. Put “T” or “F” in the brackets.
1. ( ) 2.( ) 3.( ) 4.( ) 5.( ) 6.( )
Part IV More about the topic: Father’s Day
American fathers have lots of different opinions about being a father. Some say they would
like to spend more time caring for their children, but are afraid to do so. They say it might
prevent them from getting a better job or earning more money. Other fathers would newer
think of staying at home. They believe an important part of being a man is to go to work and
earn money. Do American men today spend enough time with their children?
The following passage is about the father’s role in the family. Supply the missing words
while listening.
Father is a very formal word today. Most people use the word “____” or “_____” instead.
On Father’s Day children might take their dad out for a ______. They might send him a
______ or call on the telephone, or they might buy him a present.
Not all children however will ______ or speak with their dad on Father’s Day. Studies say
about ____ of American children live in a family without a father. This is three times more
than in _____. Back then only ______ of children lived in a family without a father.
One reason is the increasing children born to women who are not _____. Studies show the
children growing up without a father are more likely to be ____. They are more likely to
_____ before completing their education, and they are more likely to become involved in
_____ or illegal drugs.
Another reason for the _____ number of American families without fathers is the increasing
of the number of people who have _____ their marriage. The divorce rate in the US has
increased sharply in recent years. Today moiré than______ of all marriages end in divorce.
In ______ the rate was only _____. After a divorce, a judge decides which parent will care for
the children. In about _____ of cases, the judge decides that the children will live which their
mother. In about _____ of the cases, children live with their father after a divorce and in
about _____ of the cases children live with each parent at _____ times.
The image of fathers in America has changed especially since the _____. Before then, many
people felt that fathers were not supposed to become _____ with their children or to show
____ for them. This was not a part of father’s image as a strong and ____ man. Fathers were
the _____ of the family. They earned the money. They made the rules. They _____ the
children when they were bad. Back then fathers did not always spend a lot of time with their
children. _____ Mothers stayed at home to care for them. They also did all the shopping,
_____ and cooking.
During the _____ and ____, however, more American women began to work outside the
home. As a result, more and more fathers became _____ in taking care of their children and
helping their ____. Yet, most studies today show that women still spend more time caring for
their children and doing _____. This is true ever if the wife works and ____ the same
amount of money as her husband.
____ studies show that fathers who are involved with their children are usually more happy
and in better _____ than fathers who are not involved. So celebrating _____ is important for
men not only on Father’s Day but throughout the year.
Part V Memory test: brothers and sisters
When your little brother or sister is brought to the world, are you happy, jealous, or even
hateful?
You are going to hear a young lady talking about the relationship between brothers and
sisters. After that several questions will be asked. Find the right answers as quickly as
possible according to the notes you have taken while listening.
1. a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d.4
2. b happy
b. calm
c.hateful
d. jealous
3. a. He got very angry
b. He laughed a lot.
c. He beat his daughter d. He asked his wife to punish the girl
4. a. 16
b. 17
c. 15
d. 50
5. a. In England
b. In Brazil
c. In France
d. In Australia
6. a. the bride’s brother b. the young lady’s brother
c. the bride’s father
d. the bride’s good friend
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Part I
Verb & Verb Phrase : be married
Noun & Noun Phrase: kindergarten nursery school kid soccer
Other : be involved in
time really flies.
Part II
Verb & Verb Phrase : hunt around look up
Noun & Noun Phrase : calculator solicitor contract
the telephone directory
Other : super in a panic Great minds think
alike!
Part III
Verb & Verb Phrase : separate
keep sth/sb quiet
look after
do the cooking
do the cleaning be close to
discipline
Noun & Noun Phrase: stability drug-taking flat wage
an easy life
Relief
discipline
Other : tremendous
Part IV
Verb & Verb Phrase : end in
care for
be supposed to become involved with
Noun & Noun Phrase: crime drug divorce
image
Other : formal
Part V
Verb & Verb Phrase : be jealous of sb coo over sb ignore lose contact with
Noun & Noun Phrase: curl
travel agent
wedding
bride
2 smacking or reasoning?
Part I Getting ready
Family education, a rather controversial issue, is now receiving more and more attention
from the parents. As is known by all, the younger generation is the flower of one country, the
hope of tomorrow and the future pillar ionone state. Then, how on earth should the parents,
the first teachers of children, behave in bringing up their children?
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. pick up: stop for and take or bring (persons) along with one
2. rebel: resist any authority or control
3. smack: n. slap, a sharp blow with the o0en hand or and flat object
v. slap loudly, strike with the open hand or any flat object
4.reason: argue or talk in a logical way
5. spank: striking with something flat, as the open hand, esp. on the buttocks, as in
punishment
6. adopt: take (sb) into one’s family as a relation, esp. as a son or daughter, by legal process
7. adolescent: a boy or a girl from puberty (青春期) to adulthood; teenage person
8. soap opera: radio or TV serial drama with domestic problems, etc. in a sentimental and
melodramatic (通俗闹剧) way
9. lenient: merciful, not severe in disciplining, punishing, judging, etc.
10. spare the rod, spoil the child: a child who is not punished will become undisciplined and
unruly.
B You are going to hear a short passage on the rules for children. Supply the missing words.
When parents make a lot of rules about their children’s behavior, they make _____ -for
themselves. I used to spend half my time making sure my rules were _____, and the other
half answering questions like “jack can get up whenever he likes, so why can’t I ?” or “why
can’t I _____ Angela? Jack’s mum doesn’t mind who he plays with” or “jack can drink
anything he likes. Why can’t I drink _____ too?”
Jack’s mum, I decided, was a ______ woman. I started saying things like “of course, ____.
You can drink as much wine as you like” and “No, I don’t mind how _____ you get up” and
“yes, dear, you can play with Angela as ______ as you like.”
The _____ have been marvelous. They don’t want to get up late any more, they’ve decided
they don’t like wine, and, most important, they’ve ______ playing with Angela. I’ve now
realized (as Jack’s mum realized a long time ago) that they only _____ to do all these nasty
things because they weren’t _____ to .
Part II Radio phone-in
From ancient times to the present,. Human beings are never free from personal problems.
Fortunately, in modern society, one can always seek help or advice from a variety of sources
such as psychologists, TV programs, radio hot lines and so on and so forth.
A In this section you are going to hear a telephone conversation on a radio program called
“phone-In”.
1. first listen to some names.
Tessa Colbeck Maurice rex rosemary Christine
Brighton
Manchester
Norfolk
2. now listen to the conversation. While listening for the fist time, add more key words in the
left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the following questions.
Questions
1. Apart from the radio presenter, how many people are invited on this programmed?
__________________________________________________________
2. Who is Doctor Maurice Rex?
He is _____________at the University of Norfolk.
3. If you live in London, which number should you ring?
_________________________________________________________
4. How old will the caller be in two months’ time?
_________________________________________________________
5. How long does it take the caller to walk from her friend’s house to hers?
_________________________________________________________
6. What’s the name of the caller’s friend?
_________________________________________________________
7. Why doesn’t the caller’s dad allow her to stay out late?
Because he is _________ and is afraid that it may not be ___________.
8. If the caller doesn’t come home on time, what will her dad do?
He will not let her ____________.
9. Maurice gives advice to the caller. What is it?
Maurice advises her to _____________quietly with her dad and have a __________about it.
B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the telephone conversation. Do the
multiple choice.
1. Tessa Co beck is a ______________.
a. doctor
b. writer
c. university teacher
d. radio reenter.
2. If you live outside London, the number you should ring is ______ 2222122.
a. 10
b. 21
c. 01
d. 20
3. The caller is supposed to get home ______ at night.
a. at a quarter to ten
b. after ten o’clock
c. at a quarter after ten d. before ten o’clock
4. Tessa Co beck first thinks that the caller lives in ____.
a. Brighton b. Manchester c. London d. Norfolk
5. What does Tessa suggest the caller to at the end of the conversation?
a. Tell her had what she thinks about it.
b. Ask her dad why he does so.
c. Persuade her dad to pick her up.
d. Promise her dad that she will behave in her friend’s house.
Part III Family discipline
According to a report carried out by the magazine Children, nine out of ten parents smack
their children, but parents often misunderstand their children’s bad behavior. Is it right for
parents to use smacking as a punishment? Will parents feel guilty about using it?
A You are going to hear some people talking about their attitudes towards the punishment of
children. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column.
After the second listening, decide whether the speaker in each passage is a parent or a kid.
Write “P” for a parent and “K” for a kid.
A Parent or a Kid?
Speaker 1: ____ Speaker 2: _____ Speaker 3: ______
Speaker 4: ____ Speaker 5: _____ Speaker 6: ______
B Listen to the monologues again. Look at the following chart. For the first two columns,
tick one suitable attitude for each speaker. For the last column, fill in the missing
information according to what you hear on the tape. You can refer to the above notes as well.
Speaker 1
Approval of Punishment to some Degree:
Disapproval of Punishment:
Possible Action one will Take to a Kid: A certain amount of ______ will be needed, but not
______of it.
Speaker 2
Approval of Punishment to some Degree:
Disapproval of Punishment:
Possible Action one will Take to a Kid: _____ to them; try to _____ why one is upset and
what it is that the kid has done______.
Speaker 3
Approval of Punishment to some Degree:
Disapproval of Punishment:
Possible Action one will Take to a Kid: ______a child and try to make him/her understand.
Speaker 4
Approval of Punishment to some Degree:
Disapproval of Punishment:
Possible Action one will Take to a Kid: He wouldn’t be as______ as his dad was.
Speaker 5
Approval of Punishment to some Degree:
Disapproval of Punishment:
Possible Action one will Take to a Kid: sometimes a quick, short ____ on the _____ or
_____is necessary to make a child understand.
Speaker 6
Approval of Punishment to some Degree:
Disapproval of Punishment:
Possible Action one will Take to a Kid: It is a mixture: ______ at a child, sit down and _____
with a child, ______ a child out of the room, send a child_______ his room, not______ them
have any pudding for the dinner, or even a little______.
Part IV More about the topic: Adoption
More often than not, there are some familiar scenes deeply impressed in our minds: when
one gets to know by chance that he/she was adopted, he/she feels extremely painful and hates
everybody around him/her, including the foster parents. Nevertheless, the fact is, being an
adopted child is nothing to be ashamed of. He/ she is just perfectly the same with any other
children.
You are going to hear a discussion about adopting children. Supply the missing words while
listening.
Woman: Many of the disadvantages- or many of the troubles that occur, with
______children, do of course also occur in the cases of children _____to their parents. But
there are some, for example, grandparents say, who refuse to _____ an adopted grandchild
as their own, or schoolchildren, children, like adults, are often ____, and who find out that a
child is adopted, and perhaps tease or rag the child. Those ______ difficulties of course don’t
arise in the case of children born to their _____. So I think there are a few difficulties that
arise, that stem ____from adoption, but those parents who have ______ difficulties, I think
often forget that many, many, what I call ____ children, children born to their parents, er,
produce the ______ difficulties, so that one has to be careful in saying, this is _____ adoption.
Man : you put a great stress on the need to tell the child as _____ as possible that he or she is
adopted …
Woman: yes.
Man: why is this so?
Woman: I think it’s terribly important, because the child is bound to _____ it sometime or
other. I have met some very _____ case\s, where the parents hadn’t _____ the child, that he
or she was adopted, and then some well-meaning, perhaps not so well-meaning, ____, told
the child, or adolescent. It was a great _____ to the child, in some cases, the child literally
packed a suitcase and ______. I know of several cases of ____ who did that. And even if they
don’t react quite so violently, on such a vital topic, they _____ them? Also, if you don’t tell
your child that he, or she, is adopted, it______that there is something faintly shameful about
it, and of course this is not the case, and it should be not ______ or _____ to be the case,
either by the parents or the children. And if the parents, or anyone_____ associated with the
child feels it, they’re not very _____, in my opinion, to be adoptive parents.
Part V Memory test: Freedom or Discipline?
Almost in all countries, there is fear in many a home. When there is a lack of freedom and
love, you cannot have self-regulation. Instead, you will have rebellion. As a matter of fact,
you can only have a free atmosphere in the home when fear is absent.
A In the following short passage, you are going to hear some complaints poured out by
Louisa’s mother about watching TV. After that some questions will be asked. Listen and
write down brief answers as quickly as possible according to the notes you have taken while
listening.
1. __________________
2. _____________________
3. __________________
4. _____________________
B You are going to hear a monologue in which a boy complains about his parents. After that
some statements will be read to you. Decide whether they are true or False. Put “T” or “F”
in the brackets. While you listen, don’t forget to write down some key words in the notes
column.
1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( )
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Part I
Verb & verb phrase : make trouble
Noun & noun phrase : rule result
Other : marvelous
nasty
Part II
Verb & verb phrase : concentrate on stay out get mixed up pick sb up
Noun & noun phrase : personal problems studio agony column chat
Other : embarrassing rough
Part III
Verb & verb phrase : rebel smack defend reason
Noun & noun phrase : solution dark experience smack moan alternative spank
Other : upset awfully drawn-out incredibly
Part IV
Verb & verb phrase : occur adopt tease rag stem from put a stress on be bound
to pack know of
react closely associate with
Noun & noun phrase : adoption
biological children adolescent shock suitcase
teenager
Other : adoptive in the case of due to as early as possible well-meaning literally
Violently vital faintly shameful
Part V
Verb & verb phrase : deprive sneak be of the opinion be of value hang out spare
the rod, spoil the rod, spoil the child . apply.
Noun & noun phrase : input soap opera direction
Other : first and foremost under one’s care crummy
naïve lenient on one’s own
biblical harsh
3 a sweet, sweet home
Part I Getting ready
A home is a place where people can cook, eat, sleep, relax, and care for their children. It
protects people from harsh weather- the freezing snow or blizzard, the pouring of heavy rain,
the howling of the wild wind, the glare and heat of the burning sun- as well as from insects,
wild animals, and other dangers.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. foldaway: that can be folded together for easy storage
2. blind: anything that keeps out light, as a window shade or shutter
3. detached: not connected, separate
4. estate: landed property; individually owned piece of land containing a residence
5. sink: any of various basins, as in a kitchen or laundry, connected with a drainpipe and
usually, a water supply
6. appliance: a device or machine for performing a specific task, esp. one that is worked
mechanically or by electricity
7. study: a room in a house designed for study, writing, reading, etc.
8. warranty: written or printed assurance (to repair or replace defective goods)
9. guarantee: give an assurance that something will be replaced or repaired if it does not
meet specifications.
10. install: fix in position for use
B A house agent is showing a couple around a flat, which they probably will rent. Below is a
list of furniture items. Listen to the conversation and fill in suitable numbers in the plane
figure of the flat.
1. foldaway double bed and mattress 5. fitted wardrobe
2. coffee table
6. electric cooker
3. refrigerator
7. sofa
4. bathroom
8. tumble dryer
Part II The dream house
It seems that people never cease dreaming. Once their dream comes true, they will begin
dreaming of better things or different things soon after. For example, one may first dream of
owning a small room, then an apartment with a private bathroom, then a detached house,
and then a villa in the country. What is the house in your dream like?
A In this section you are going to hear six people describing their dream house. While
listening for the first time, add more key words in the mid-column. After the second listening,
write down the type of dream house each speaker would like to live in.
B Listen to the passage again. After that you will hear some questions on the tape. Please
answer them in no more than four words with the help of the above notes.
1. ______________ 2. _______________
3. ______________ 4. _________________
5. ______________ 6. _________________
7. ______________ 8. _________________
Part III Flat hunting
Houses not only offer protection from the weather but they also help protect the people who
live in them from people outside. Sometimes a house protects things we want to keep safe
from burglars; and sometimes a house simply offers you a chance to be by yourself and away
from other people. In order to make sure of all these things, you must be very careful in
looking for a proper place to live in.
A In this section you are going to hear a woman visiting a flat, which she is thinking of
buying or renting. Below are some of the things mentioned in the conversation. Decide which
will be taken away by the former house owner and which will be left behind. Complete the
following chart with the help of the notes you have taken while listening.
Gas cooker fridge dishwasher gas fire
Plumbing
stove washing machine oven
Things that will be taken away
things that will be left behind
B You must have already known that there are three bedrooms and one bathroom in the flat.
Listen to the conversation again. With the help of the above notes, fill in the furniture items
that are suitable for each room or that are already fitted in the room.
Rooms : the smallest bedroom
the medium sized bedroom
The largest bedroom
the bathroom
Furniture items:
C Now listen to the conversation again and decide whether the statements after the
conversation are True or False. Put “T” or “F” in the brackets.
1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. ( )
Part IV More about the topic: the refrigerator art
A refrigerator, which was originally designed to keep food fresh, is now being used in more
and more different ways. You can use it as a cupboard for storing various things, and you
can even use magnets to stick all kinds of papers on its door so as to remind you of the things
you have to do. Some people call it refrigerator art.
The following passage is about refrigerator art. Supply the missing words while listening.
Man: Refrigerators are large machines that keep foods ::__________. But a lot of people use
them to ::_______ more than just food.
Woman: Call it refrigerator art. In some homes the refrigerator works like a ::__________
to show collections of refrigerator magnets. People use magnets to stick papers
like ::_______ and children’s ::_______ to the metal of a refrigerator. But a refrigerator
magnet can be a ::_______ of art itself. Some people just enjoy looking at them, countless
numbers of refrigerator magnets can be found in ::_______. Some have small copies of foods
or ::_______ on the front. Some show colorful designs or pictures of famous people. Some
refrigerator magnets are electronic. They make ::______, like this one that is shaped like a
motor-cycle and sounds like a motor-cycle::______ starting. Other magnets are extremely
small like sets of magnetic words and ::__________ for writing poetry on the refrigerator.
One example of this kind of magnets set is for ::_______. It makes it possible to write
frightening Halloween messages that ::________ in the dark. Businesses often give
refrigerator magnets to people as a marketing::_______ to sell their services.
Some::________ agencies also have them. For example, the American space agency sells
magnets shaped like::_______ and space shuttles. Refrigerator magnets can be ::________.
Student engineers at the University of Wisconsin at Madison use them in ::_________. And
young children use refrigerator magnets that are letters to play and learn. They ::________
the letters in different positions to make words. A refrigerator door covered with a lot of
magnets can be educational in ::________ ways, too. Children can learn about the laws
of ::________ just by watching what happens when someone closes the door too hard. The
magnets all ::_______. Refrigerators can become as crowded with magnets on the outside as
they are with food on the::________. So when people say they need a ::_______ refrigerator,
what they might really mean is they need a bigger refrigerator ::________.
Part V Memory test: the warranty insurance
Suppose some robbers broke in and took many things away from your house, or suppose
there was something wrong with your TV set, your washing machine or your refrigerator
and a large sum of money would be needed for repairs. What should you do? There is no
need to worry. You can protect yourself against loss by buying insurance policies which
promise to pay you for the things that were stolen in the robbery or for repairing things that
broke down.
You are going to hear two people talking about taking out a warranty insurance for some of
their household goods. Complete the following two charts with the information you hear. Of
course you can refer to the notes you have taken while listening.
Chart 1
Name: Mr.M.Lewis
Address : ___abbey road,_____
Things chosen for insurance (you can tick the items.)
1. the washing machine
2. the black-and-white television set
3. the fridge
4. the color television set
5. the oven
6. the cooker
7. the cooker
Chart 2
Insurance items purchase date
make
model
the original warranty period
insurance fee
Moffat Cresta
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Part I
Verb & verb phrase : be fully fitted end up in
Noun & noun phrase : bed-sitting room foldaway double bed mattress wardrobe
Night attire
roller blinds
tumble dryer
electric cooker
cubbyhole
Other : novel
Part II
Verb & verb phrase : cut off
Noun & noun phrase : dream house foof-garden pot-plant pillar dry-stone wall
high tide
Other : detached uncoil daft isolated
Part III
Verb & verb phrase : come round leave behind make into
Noun & noun phrase : estate agent particular dishwasher sink plumbing appliance gas fire
lounge balcony study airing cupboard shower
Other : reliable
Part IV
Verb & verb phrase : stick fall off
Noun & noun phrase : magnet work of art Halloween
Other : in the dark
Part V
Verb & verb phrase : cover go wrong guarantee install break down hang on
Noun & noun phrase : warranty insurance hob fortune
Other: in case in the long run
4 going to school (I)
Part I Getting ready
Education denotes the methods by which a society hands down from one generation to the
next its knowledge, culture, and values. The individual being educated develops physically,
mentally, emotionally, morally, and socially. The work of education may be accomplished by
an individual teacher, the family, a church, or any other group in society. Formal education
is usually carried out by the school.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. counselor: someone who is paid to listen to people’s problems and provide support and
advice
2. make the grade: succeed; reach the necessary standard
3. quit: stop (doing something) and leave
4. term: any of three periods of time into which the teaching year is divided at schools,
universities, etc.; also semester: any of two periods of time into which the teaching year is
divided in the U.S.
5. concentrate: direct (one’s thoughts, efforts, attention, etc.) towards a particular activity or
porpoise
6. intelligent: having or showing powers of learning, reasoning, or understanding, especially
to a high degree.
7. go to pieces: lose the ability to think or act clearly because of fear, sorrow, etc.
8. strict: severe and demanding obedience, especially in rules of behavior
9. requirement: something that is needed or that is demanded as necessary
]10. goody-goody: a person who likes to appear faultless in behavior so as to please others,
not because he or she is really good
B A school counselor in a high school is trying to understand exactly what Sam’s problem is.
Listen to their conversation and decide whether the following statements are true of false.
Put “T” or “F” in the brackets.
( ) 1. Sam has an examination tomorrow.
( ) 2. he thinks he will do well in the exam.
( ) 3. at the moment he feels worried.
( ) 4. he thinks his father will be sympathetic if he does badly in the exam.
( ) 5. Sam wants to quit the exam because he is afraid that he would let his father down
again.
( ) 6. Sam once entered a chess competition.
( ) 8. after the competition, Sam’s father told his friends how good Sam was at chess.
( ) 9. at the end Sam says that the counselor does not understand his problem.
C You are going to hear Mr. And Mrs. Thompson discussing their daughter’s work in
parkway secondary School with her class teacher. Listen carefully. Fill in the missing
comments and information on the school report form. Write only one word for each blank.
PARKWAY SECONDARY SCHOOL REPORT FORM
NAME: Tracey Thompson CLASS: 4A YEAR: 1998-1999
CLASS TEACHER: Tracey is a very ____ girl. She must learn to _____ less and
work______.
MATH: Tracey enjoys math. Recently she has found the work ________.
BIOLOGY: Tracey’s work has not been up to standard of late. She must _____ during
lessons.
ART: Tracey’s quite good at______ , but she spends too much time________to her friends.
GEOGRAPHY: Tracey is a lively member of the class. However I have not had and____from
her all ______.
ENGLISH: Excellent. She does very good work. Tracey always has______to ______during
lessons.
FRENCH: If only Tracey could speak_______ during lessons! This term she is______ of the
class.
SPORT: A good term. Tracey has played an_____part in the success of the _____ team.
Part II The teacher I remember best
The a Mercian educator Horace Mann once said: “as an apple is not in any proper sense an
apple until it is ripe, so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is
educated.” Education is the process through which people endeavor to pass along to their
children their hard-won wisdom and their aspirations for a better world. The most
important role played in education is the teacher.
A You are going to hear someone telling you about his most memorable teacher. Listen to the
first part of the monologue. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the
left-hand column. After the second listening, answer each of the following questions in no
more than three words or numbers.
Questions
1. which teacher do I remember best?
_______________________________
2. how long did I study French with him?
_______________________________
3. how old was I when I met the teacher?
_______________________________
4. what languages did I study at the university?
_______________________________
5. what kinds of exercises did the teacher give us?
_______________________________
6. what kinds of facilities were unavailable in those days?
_______________________________
7. what course did the music teacher’s wife give us?
_______________________________
8. what did I use to do during the summer holidays?
_______________________________
B Listen to the second half of the monologue. While listening for the first time, take notes in
the notes column. After the second listening, complete the following chart.
Nationality
Appearance: hair eyes eyebrows other features
Leisure activity: music sport
Family:
C Now listens to the whole monologue again. Answer the question: why can’t is forget the
French teacher?
Though he was very_______and not very ______, with him I really ______________. He was
very _________with us. He made us__________________. Because of the limitation of the
teaching facilibegin to like_________________. It was mainly because of him that I went on
to study_________________at __________. With him I learned that learning a _________ is
like___________ or _______________ into a __________. And it helps us to see that the way
we ___________ and ______________ in our country isn’t necessarily the ____________ or,
indeed, the _______________.
Part III Teachers and pupils
Research commissioned by the World Bank shows that a teacher’s qualifications,
qualifications, experience, education kevel, and knowledge have significant consequences for
what children achieve. The trend world-wide is for all teachers to receive higher education
and specialist teacher training. But a good relationship between teachers and students is also
very important.
A you are going to hear Christine telling you the advantages and disadvantages of teaching
as a job. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column. After the
second listening, complete the following chart.
Advantages
There are so many enjoyable ______ things.
Students are so _________.
It’s very rewarding.
Disadvantages
It’s _______________ work.
It’s awfully tiring _______________, and ___________ at times.
B Now you are going to hear Christine telling you the changes that have taken place in the
relationship between teachers and pupils. While listening for the first time, add more key
words in the notes column. After the second listening, complete the following flow diagrams.
According to Christine, there have been two major changes in the relationship between
teachers and pupils:
I. THE QUALITY OF RELATIONSHIP (Fill in the blanks.)
Teachers have become more _______, more ______, and more prepared to allow the students
_________ as individuals.
As a result
The relationship is more ______, more ______, and less ______.
Therefore
Students are involved much more in their own ______ and their own ______.
II. THE CLASSROOM (Tick the right box.)
Nowadays, teachers
Try to rule using fear, punishment and threat
Try to win and earn the respect of children
To build up
A relaxed relationship and relaxed classroom
An authoritarian classroom
Which means
Low expectations.
Purposeful quality work.
C Now listens to the whole speech again. According to Christine, what makes a good
teacher?
According to Christine, a good teacher:
Enjoys instead of fearing the ______ things that can’t be planned for;
Is a good listener;
Is someone that students ______ as a _____;
Teaches students about “________” they’re going into, and about ______ and ______ as well
as what is written in the textbook;
Treats students _______ and is able to develop _____ relationships with students;
Is able to take the students into a whole world, which is _____ and _____;
Really ___________ for students;
Is skillful enough to organize a well-ordered, ______, ______ and ______ classroom;
Trusts students as ___________;
__________ Students to know more about him/her as an ____________;
Takes students’ ___________ on board, and listens to students’ _________ his/her own work;
Is able to earn the _______ of students, and therefore builds up a _________ relationship
with them;
Part IV More about the topic: Computers and University Life
Computers are increasingly used in classrooms in combination with traditional modes of
instruction. Computer-aided education can dramatically increase a student’s access to
information. Many students benefit from the immediate responsiveness of computer
interactions and appreciate the self-paced and private learning environment.
The following short passage is about the relationship between computers and university life.
Supply the missing words while listening.
Computers are an increasing part of life in ______ and ________. Many students and
teachers depend on their electronic ______. Computers can search the world for ________
stored in electronic ______ and the Internet computer system. They can help _____ complex
scientific ______. They can also make simpler tasks easier like writing _______ and _______.
American colleges and universities spent more than ______ dollars on computers last year.
They also spent almost ______ dollars dent to ______ a computer. Some _______ computers
to their students.
Computers are used a lot for electronic mail called _______. Some professors like to
________ with their students or _________ reports by e-mail. Students also write to ______
and ______. Students use the Internet computer system to do _______, and at some schools,
students can use their computers to ________ their ______ and to ________ up for ________.
In fact, with computers, students do not even have to go to class anymore. The class cans
________ to them.
Paul Elverson is a ______ professor. He also helps run an _________ called “connected
education.” It teaches college classes in ______, _____ and other subjects by computer. More
than ______ students have taken these classes since ________. For such a class, a professor
prepares _______ for students to read on their computers any time of _______ or ________.
Students also learn the _______ of the class. They communicate with the ______ and other
________ by e-mail. Professor evensong says the students can learn as _______ or _______ in
________ months as they can in __________ or ________ months of traditional classes. Yet,
he ______ there are ______ with this technology.
Many who take _______ classes are known as non-traditional students. These students are
generally _______ and have a _______ and a ______ to support. _______ of higher education
students in America now are _______.
Part V memory test: children of a Decade
Memory is the process of storing and retrieving information in the brain. The process is
central to learning and thinking. Four different types of remembering are or dearly
distinguished by psychologists: recollection, recall, recognition, and relearning. Do you have
a good memory? Can you remember the days when you were in your primary school?
Lack and Shirley are appearing on a radio program about childhood. They are both going to
be interviewed about their memories. Listen carefully. Complete the following chart by
filling in jack and Shirley’s answers to each question listed.
What do you remember about: jack Shirley
Your first holiday?
Your first day at school?
Your school days?
Your favorite teacher?
Your worst teacher?
Your last day at school?
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Part I
Verb & verb phrase: quit make the grade let sb. Down get knocked out concentrate give up
on sb. Guide go to pieces come bottom look on the bright side
Noun & noun phrase: counselor anxiety image chess explanation comment biology
geography average attitude hockey
Other: anxious reluctant intelligent well above oral positive
Part II
Verb & verb phrase: count make…easy
Noun & noun phrase: grammar vocabulary video cassette rugby
Other: strict friendly in spite of bushy
Part III
Verb & verb phrase: plan for turn into come out treat imply breed involve take sth. On
board lose out hand over demand take risk achieve shout at
Noun & noun phrase: lesson plan hoot relationship downside drop standard familiarity
contempt assessment feedback youngster threat expectation submission
Other: unexpected entertaining amazing physically emotionally appropriate magic relaxed
formal violently supportive vice versa vital authoritarian purposeful
Part IV
Verb & verb phrase: depend on search require communicate sign up admit
Noun & noun phrase: electronic brain electronic library internet program electronic mail
(e-mail) requirement technology
Other: complex computer-based
Part V
Verb & verb phrase: keep in touch with soak come to put sb. off bring tears to emblazon
Noun & noun phrase: decade tabby chap Lake District porridge incident goody-goody hymn
Other: homesick favorite worst marvelous shy staid
5 going to school (II)
Part I Getting ready
Reading is an activity characterized by the translation of symbols, or letters, into words and
sentences that have meaning to the individual. The ultimate goal of reading is to be able to
understand written material, to evaluate it, and to use it for one’s needs. Mature readers
bring to the text their experiences, abilities, and interests; the text, in turn, allows them to
expand those experiences and abilities and to find new interests.
A The following words and phrase will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. receptive: willing to consider new ideas
2. Intrigue: interest greatly, especially because strange, mysterious, or unexpected
3. Elementary: concerning the first and most simple part of something
4. Course: a set of lessons or studies
5. Freshman: a student in the first year at college or university
6. Objective: an aim, especially one that must be worked towards a over a long period
7. Revision: the work of studying again lessons already learnt
8. Literature: written works that are of artistic value
9. Regulate: make-work at a certain speed
10. Small hours: the early morning hours just after midnight
B You are going to hear several dialogues describing problems in reading English.
Listen carefully and complete the following chart with all the problems and advice
mentioned.
Problem
1. _______too much on ______
2. can’t find the ______ in an ______ or a ______.
3. not _____if the writer is being ____ or not.
4. read too _______.
Advice
1. try to read a text without using a _____ the ______ time you read it.
2. ________ quickly first to get an idea of _________and don’t_________.
3. read ________ possible.
4. set yourself a _________ and try to read _______ you can within the________.
Part II How to write well?
Writing is a method of human intercommunication. Writing can be achieved in either
limited or full systems. Limited systems are used for purposes such as keeping accounts,
recalling significant facts and conveying general meanings. Such systems are characterized
by a high degree of ambiguity. Full systems are capable of expressing un-ambiguously any
concept that can be formulated in language.
You are going to hear a monologue on how to write well. While listening for the first time,
add more key words in the left-hand column; after the second listening, answer the
questions.
Questions
1. the human brain is divided into two parts according to the speaker. What are they?
___________________________________________
2. which part of the brain does a successful writer use to write a story?
___________________________________________
3. what are the major things necessary to make up a story according to the speaker?
___________________________________________
4. according to the speaker, a successful writer is usually in the habit of doing all the
following except
A) wanting to become one of the characters he/she creates.
B) sitting quietly and waiting for a story to come to him.
C) imaging himself/herself living in the setting of his/her story.
D) drinking and smoking while writing to seek inspiration.
B listen to the monologue again. Complete the following procedure on how to write a good
story with the help of the above notes.
Imagine that you are a ___________.
Sit quietly while your mind __________ over the _______.
Be _______ to the _________________________ that emerge.
Write about the first ________________ you have chosen.
Sit quietly in the place that your __________ has chosen.
Wait for a ________________ to approach you.
Sit on the _______________ of the scene.
_________, ________, ___________ and record what happens before your eyes.
Become one of the ________ and feel what happens from a particular ________.
Become one of the other characters and ___________ from that person’s _________.
Find your own way into the ___________ in whatever way your right brain ______ to you.
Begin to _________ your story and let the story _________ as you write.
Part III Visiting Britain
Programs through which people visit foreign countries to further their study or training, to
teach, or to perform if they are artists or athletes are called exchange programs. All over the
world, numerous educational, industrial, public, and private organizations take part in and
conduct such programs. Among these are the British council and the institute of
international education in America.
You are going hear an interview in which someone gives advice to foreign students who want
to study in Britain. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand
column. After the second listening, answer the questions.
Questions
1. if you go to a British council office abroad and ask them about courses in Britain, which of
the following can you expect them to do?
1) give you a list of courses and some general advice.
2) give you detailed advice on which course to choose.
3) register you for the course you choose.
2. the speaker mentions two things a student can do himself to make sure he goes on a course
that suits him. What are they?
1) __________________
2) __________________
3. the speaker mentions three kinds of schools that offer courses for foreign students. What
are they?
1) __________________
2) __________________
3) __________________
4. why is it a good idea to stay with an English family?
It’s the best way to ________________________.
5. Why should you choose your family carefully?
Otherwise you might find yourself with a family who ____________ or who __________.
6. Why is it a good idea to bring?
1) A raincoat?
In case ______________.
2) One or two pullovers?
In case _____________.
3) travelers’ chouse?
In case_____________.
Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the interview. Complete the following
sentences with the help of the above notes.
1. there are a variety of courses from _____________________ right down to ________, and
perhaps one of the best ways of ___________________ about them is first of all to go to your
local _______________________ office.
2. …Basically I think the foreign student has to ___________ for himself by writing to
_______ that he might get from the British council.
3. …As far as ________ is concerned, it’s a good idea to stay if possible in an ________.
4. As much you learn _________ in Britain, you still need the experience of practicing
English in a __________________ , and staying with an English family is ______________the best way of __________________ that kind of practice.
5.…as for choosing a school, it’s important to get a _________ -try and find a family that one
of your friends has already _______ or that you’re _______ or that somebody has _________.
Part IV More about the topic: Personal Aims and Values
Values, in ethics, means standards or qualities considered worthwhile and desirable.
University students are usually considered to be God’s favored ones. Their academic studies
will directly influence their future career. Besides academic studies, their personal aims and
values in life are as important or more.
He following short passage is about a “Freshman Report” given by the American council on
personal aims and values. Supply the missing words while listening.
To many researchers the most interesting part of the American council’s “Freshman Report”
is the one that shows what these students said about their ______ and _____ in life. Each
student was asked to “______ the importance to him _______ of each of the following”.
Becoming ______ in one of the performing arts (acting, dancing, etc.)
Becoming an _______ in my field
_______ The political structure
_______ Other people’s social values
_______ a family
Having an _____ social life (going to parties, etc.)
Having friends with different ______ from mine
Having ________ for the work of others
Becoming __________
Helping others who are in _____
making a _______ to science
Writing_____ works (poems, stories, etc.)
Never ______ anything to anyone
________ artistic works (painting, music, etc.)
Keeping up-to-date with ________ affairs
Being _________ in a business of my own
Helping in programs to clean up the ______
Developing a good _____ of life
Helping with a _______ action program
Getting _______ within the next five years
Seven of the above were rated “______” by more than half of the young men and women.
Each of the ______ appears below with the ______ of freshmen who considered it important.
______ with political affairs
______
Having an active _________
______
Being an authority in my ___
______
Raising a ______
______
Having _____ different from me
_____
______ others in difficulty
_____
_________a philosophy of life
_____
it is interesting to note which _____ were not rated very important by large numbers of these
_______ college students. There was no strong_______ to become rich, or to be successful in
_______, or to ________ others what to do. Helping to ______ the environment came close to
being included in the list; it was ______ very important by _____ of the students.
Above all, however, the students indicated a ______ for helping others and for _______ how
life should be lived.
Part V Memory test: study habits
Habit is an act acquired by experience and performed regularly and automatically. Habits
include mannerisms, such as moving the hands when talking; satisfying psychological
cravings such as smoking or overeating; and even characteristic reading preferences, such as
that for Shakespearean tragedies. Do you know your study habit?
You are going to hear two teachers in a staff room discussing how they used to study when
they were at the university. Draw two flow diagrams to show their study habits.
WOMAN
_______ incredibly early.
_______ a bit.
Have ________
_______ a bit
do ______, etc,
have lunch.
Have _______ in the afternoon
Have ______.
MAN
_______ fairly early, around_______
have ________
get himself ______________
work solidly for _________ without _______
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Part I
Verb & verb phrase: look up in / rely on /copy out / set a limit
Noun & noun phrase: consultant / business management/ sense of humor / speed reading
Other:
Part II
Verb & verb phrase: imagine / consult/ wander/ emerge/ approach/ proceed/ intrigue/unfold
Noun & noun phrase: setting/ character/ story-line/ plot/ plot/ image/ location/ edge/point of
view/perspective/script
Other: receptive /specific/ particular
Part III
Verb & verb phrase: work out/make a selection/ collect/ accept/ concern/ acquire/ get on
with/ get thrown out
Noun & noun phrase: course/ variety/ British council/ register/ alternative/ accommodation/
recommendation/ pullover/ traveler’s cherub/ risk
Other: advanced/ elementary/ various/ overseas/ basically/ incase
Part IV
Verb & verb phrase: indicate / influence/ make contribution/ owe/ rate/ consider
Noun & noun phrase: American Council/ freshman / performing art/ political structure/
social value/ responsibility/ environment/ philosophy/ community/ desire/ concern
Other: original/ up-to-date
Part V
Verb & verb phrase: revise / share with/ potter about/ have fun/ regulate/ re-read/ select/
plough through
Noun & noun phrase: revision technique/ rock music/ small hours/ brunch/ literature
Other: amazingly/ opposite/ incredibly/ solkid(ly)/ unpleasant/ sensible/ classical/ regardless
6 the computer: a necessary evil?
Part I Getting ready
A computer is a machine that performs calculations and processes information with
astonishing speed and precision. A computer can handle vast amounts of information and
solve complicated problems. It can take thousands of individual pieces of data and turn them
into more usable information with blinding speed and almost unfailing accuracy.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. process: put (information, numbers, etc.) into a computer for examination
2. program: supply (a computer) with a list of instructions that must be given to a computer
in order to make it perform an operation
3. laptop: a computer small enough to be held on one’s knees for use
4. electronic mail (e-mail): an electronic system which joins a group of computers, allowing
people to send messages to each other on their computers
5. keyboard: several rows of keys on a computer
6. internet: an international network of computer databases
7. world wide web (www): a popular system that makes it easier for people to find and use
information on the internet
8. browser: a computer program that lets you find and use information on the internet
9. silicon ship: a very small piece of silicon containing a set of electronic parts and their
connections, which is used in computers
10. integrated circuit: a very small set of electrical connections printed on a single piece of
semiconductor material, such as a chip
B You are going to hear a short passage about the different sizes of computers. Write down
every word as a dictation. It will be read three times. First reading, read from beginning to
end. Second reading, read with pauses. Third reading, read without pauses again.(you may
find the following words hard to spell: mainframe computer , microprocessor.)
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
C You are going to hear the first part of a conversation between a school headmaster and the
chairman of the board of directors of the school. They are arguing about the plan for buying
a computer for the school. Write down all the pros and cons.
Pros
Can be used for storing school ___________, list of ________ and details of ____________
Can save the ___________ a lot of __________
Children can work out their own ___________ which will stimulate their _________ in
_______________and help them to ____________ the subject better
_________ studies are getting very popular in the _________ schools and _________
Cons
Rather pricey (expensive)
Would be ______ to spend the money on more ______, _____ equipment and _________
Just like __________ machines
Waste children’s ________ on _________
Children won’t _______ anything from it
Part II Airlines are wiring up for travelers
“Laptop” is a newly coined word for portable computer. A other word for “laptop” is
“notebook”. Though laptops are comparatively small in size, they are almost as functional as
big ones. You can check your e-mail, and reply to those that require a response. You can send
a message of your own to a friend in another city. You might also read a few articles in some
of the worldwide discussion groups.
A You are going to hear a report on the use of laptop computers in planes. Fist listen to the
topic sentences. Fill in the blanks while listening.
1. ten years ago, it was unusual to see people in a ________ working on ________. Now they
are _____.
2. it all___ when they began to have a consistent policy about the use of _____ during flight.
3. then came the _ phone.
4. finally airlines are starting to offer_ power sources for______.
5. ___ and_____ -flight facilities at airports have been trying to _______.
6. new aircraft will all have a modem point and _____ at every seat. And phones will
get_____ satellite links.
B Now listen to the whole report. While listening for the first time, add more key words in
the left-hand column. After the second listening, decide whether the statements are true or
false. Put “T” or “F” in the brackets.
Statements
( ) 1. now it is very common to see people in a plane working on laptop computers.
( ) 2. today many passengers work on laptops in a plane, but only very few will make phone
calls, send faxes, check e-mail or surf the world wide web.
( ) 3. as soon as you board a plane, you may begin use of your laptop.
( ) 4. laptop computers first appeared in scare stories.
( ) 5. passengers are not allowed to use their laptops during take-off.
( ) 6. the on-board phone not only allows passengers to make urgent last-minute calls to the
office but also allows full data communications to fax machines, corporate computer
networks and the internet.
( ) 7. with in-seat power sources for notebooks, battery life is no longer the biggest
challenge for notebook users.
( ) 8. though people can work on laptop computers in a plane, they are forbidden to use
them at airports.
( ) 9. Using the modem point, people in a plane will be able to write e-mail and send data.
( ) 10. it is expected to cost about 700 050 000 to fit the modem likes, telephone handsets
and modify seats in one aircraft.
C Now listens to the report again, and corrects all the false statements in activity B.
Part III Techno-chat
The Internet is the name for a group of worldwide information resources. These resources
are so vast as to be well beyond the comprehension of a single human being, not only is there
no one who understands all of the internet, there is no one who even understands most of the
internet. Using the Internet means sitting at your computer screen and accessing
information. But do you know Internet can sometimes act as a matchmaker?
A You are going to hear tom and Jason talking about Internet and techno-chat. While
listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the second
listening, answer the questions in no more then five words or numbers.
Questions
1. where do the beauty and utility of internet lie?
_________________________________
2. what are the two main functions of the internet according to the conversation?
_________________________________
3. what is internet compared to in the conversation?
________________________________
4. how did one of the speakers meet his girl friend?
_______________________________
5. what’s the name of the bulletin board?
_______________________________
6. how long has it been around?
______________________________
7. How much computer time will one dollar buy?
_________________________
8. Who are you going to talk to on a computer network?
_____________________________________
9. Is it possible for you to have a private conversation on a computer network?
________________________________
10. What’s the main advantage of talking through a computer?
________________________
11. What are the rush hours for techno-chat program?
_____________________
12. What does tom mean by saying “look in the mirror, man.”?
_____________________
B Now listens to the conversation again. Complete the following summary about Internet
and techno-chat programs by writing in the missing words with the help of the above notes
and answers.
The Internet is a computer______. It is the _____ and most _____ achievement in eh history
of _____. Its ____ and______ laid in the _____ the internet_____ millions of people all over
the world to ______ and to _____. You communicate by either ____ and ____ electronic mail,
or by ______ a connection to someone else’s computer and _______ messages _____ and
_____ you share by ______ in discussion groups and by _____ the chat programs on the
internet allow you to talk to people whom you ____ wouldn’t talk to , and let you talk about
_____ with ____, without prejudice.
Part IV More about the topic: computer Technology and individual privacy
Computers handle many tasks in business, education, manufacturing, transportation, and
other fields. They provide scientists and other researchers with a clearer understanding of
nature. They give people who work with words an effective way to create documents. They
enable designers and artists to see things theta have veer been seen before. But sometimes
computers are offensive enough to interfere with people’s private life.
The following short passage is about how individual privacy is affected by modern computer
technology. Supply the missing words while listening.
Most people agree that modern computer_____ is a very successful way to ______
information. Information that used to take____ or _____ to find can now be found in a
few____ or at most a few____ using a computer. Yet computer experts say that this
technology has developed so___ that present____ do not___ some basic______.
Now there is_____ about the ____ that computers are being used to gather ___ information
about_____. The following story wills help____ the person is not_____, but the story shows
what kind of ___ can be gathered. Our story is about a young man named john. John works
for a large_____.
John likes his____. He enjoys his______. He likes the other___ in his office and he thinks he
receives fair___. John just found out that his company has gathered information apt him. He
____ that company officials have all his _____ records. For the past _____years. They also
know all the _____ john has ever lived. They know what _____ he has made . they even know
he was____ when he was only ___ years old. The arrest was a _____ and the _____ against
him were dismissed. But the _____ of his arrest still______.
John also discovered the company has gathered information about his___ and ____. It has
his____ record, his____ records and ____ records, it also __ it has his____ record, his ____
records and ____ records, it also has a list of all the _____ calls john has made for the ____
year. In fact, john discovered that the company has____ information about him than john
has about himself. John was____.
John ____ to his supervisor. The supervisor____ how john___. But he said that gathering
such information is ____ and there was really ____ john could do.
That story is not really true. However it ____ to people like john every day, many large
companies now gather information about their ___. Many companies now____ all telephone
calls made by their workers. Company ____ want to know if the worker is ___ the telephone
only for _____ business. They also record what __ or _____ the worker has in his or her ____.
If the worker ___ and ____ electronic-mail, the company may want ___. The companies say
they want to know if a worker is using ____ computer equipment for ____ than company
business. Companies say they are not____on their workers, they say they are ___ their
workers are____ the ___ is:” does the company have the ____ to seek this kind of
information?”
Some experts say____ is the best protection of ___ they say people must learn what kind of
information can be gathered____. And they must develop ways to best___ themselves against
the illegal___ of their privacy.
Part V Memory test: who invented the First Computer?
Computers are tremendously important in a variety of ways. They simplify many difficult or
time-consuming tasks to an extraordinary degree. They provide businesses, governments,
individuals, and institutions with an efficient way to manage large amounts of information.
Nevertheless, very few people know who invented the first computer and when it was
invented.
A You are going to hear a short passage about the history of computers. First get familiar
with the following names.
Alan Turning
Blaine Pascal
Charles Babb age
Got fried von Lentz
Now listen to the passage. While you listen, don’t forget to add more key words in the notes
column. After listening, write down briefly what happened in each year listed below with the
help of the notes.
2000 years ago: ________
1642: _________
1671: _________
1834: _________
1936: _________
1946: _________
1960s: ________
C You are going to hear a monologue about computer systems. Listen carefully and complete
the following chart.
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Part I
Verb & verb phrase: perform/ process/ spare/ hunt in/ work out/ stimulate
Noun & noun phrase: mainframe/ microprocessor/ chip/ space invader/ electronic game/
catalogue/ filing cabinet
Other: pricey/ reasonable/ in minutes/ reassuring
Part II
Verb & verb phrase: check/ surf/ creak open/ fly over/ keep pace/ spring up/ modify
Noun & noun phrase: laptop computer/notebook/ fax/ e-mail/ world wide
web(WWW)/keyboard/ suspicion/ electro-magnetic radiation/ data/ intent / power source/
terminal/ web browser/ modem/ satellite link
Other: odd/ gradual/ consistent/ initially/ scare/ modest/ urgent/ on-board/ in-seat/ built-in/
in the region of
Part III
Verb & verb phrase: share/ establish/ tag along/ participate/ guarantee
Noun & noun phrase: achievement/ mankind/ industrial revolution/ utility/ techno-chat
program/ match-maker/ chat session/ cappuccino sipper/ inhibition/ prejudice
Other: absolutely/ significant/ impressive/ wondrous/ available for free/ fantastic / private
Part IV
Verb & verb phrase: gather/ protect/ dismiss/protest/ spy on
Noun & noun phrase: concern/ extent/ individual/investment/ charge/ financial record/ tax
record/ supervisor
Other: shoicked/(il) legal/ costly
Part V
Verb & verb phrase: compute/add/multiply/ divide/ program/ break code/ input/ output
Noun & noun phrase: abacus/ infants’ school/ valve computer/ integrated circuit/ silicon
chip/ RAM/ROM/monitor/ disc drive/ scanner/ joy stick/ component/ light pen/Central
Processing/Unit (CPU)
Other: mathematical/ external/ internal/ arithmetic/ logic/ principal/ floppy
7 earning and spending money wisely
Part I Getting ready
With the improvement of people’s living standards, the consumption of goods has been
increasing year by year. In order to meet people’s need in this aspect, more and more
department stores, shopping centers, supermarkets and grocery stores appear. At these
places, bargain prices are offered for different goods at different time. Therefore, of one has
a very clear idea of them; he/she is bound to save a lot of money.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. bargain: something offered, bought, or sold at a price favorable to the buyer
2. mail order: an order for goods to be sent by mail
3. postage: the amount charged for mailing a letter or package
4. delivery: taking (letters, parcels, goods, etc.) to houses, to the buyer(s)
5. credit card: card issued by a bank, allowing the holder to draw money from its branches
and to charge bills at certain restaurants, airlines, hotels, airlines, hotels, gas stations, etc.
6. expense: money used or needed for something, financial cost, fee
7. fair: a gathering of people held regularly for the sale of goods
8. profit: money gained in business, etc.
9. in stock: on hand, available for sale or use
10. refund: repay, give back or pay back (money, etc.)
B You are going to hear some announcements made in a big department store. After that
some questions will be asked. Please write down the answers in no more than five words.
1. ____________.
2. ________
3. __________ and teacups.
4. ____________________
5. _______________________
6. ________________________
7. __________________
8. ____________________
Part II Mail order
Have you ever read any magazines or advertisements where there are pictures as well as
brief introductions of fashionable dresses or attractive book covers? This is a new type of
sales service mail order. If you are interested in any one of these items, you can either
telephone or write to the company telling them in detail what you would like to buy and then
the goods will be delivered or posted to you pretty soon. Isn’t that very convenient?
In this section you are going to hear a woman telephoning a mail order company. While
listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column. After the second
listening, fill in the priority order form with the help of the notes.
Priority Order Form
Part III A claim for expenses
As an employee in a company, sometimes you may have to go away on official business. In
theist case, the company will usually pay for your meals, transportation fares and
accommodation fees. However, this does not mean you can spend money in whatever way
y9u like. The accountant will examine your claim for expenses very carefully, trying to make
sure that you have spent all the money properly.
A You are going to hear a conversation between a young employee and a senior cashier of the
firm he works for. While listening for the first time, focus on the numbers and add more key
words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the questions briefly.
Questions
1. when was the one-day course held?
___________
2. at what time did the one-day course begin?
___________
3. at what time was the one-day course supposed to end?
________
4. how much was the train fare from London to Westhampton?
________
5. how much did David pay altogether when he stayed at the hotel called the “Crown”?
______
6. when did David stay at the Park Hotel?
________
7. how much did David pay for bed and breakfast at the park Hotel?
________
8. how much did David pay for the dinner he dad at the park hotel?
__________
9. what were the total expenses?
_______
9. how much did the lunch at the school cost?
________
B Now listen to the conversation again and decide whether the statements after the
conversation are True or False. Put “T” or “F” in the brackets.
1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. ( )
6. ( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( ) 9. ( ) 10. ( )
Part IV More about the topic: Junior Achievement
Junior achievement is an old organization in the United States offering all kinds of programs
to teach young people how to do business. In the early 1990s demand for the programs
increased in many countries. Today, junior achievement international operates programs in
more than 100 countries. More than 800 000 students outside the U.S are taking part. Now
let’s have a look at what it is doing inside the U.S!
The following passage is about an American organization offering business education to the
young generation. Supply the missing words while listening.
Woman: An organization in the United States has been teaching young people about the
American business system for almost______ years. Now we operate in more than______
other countries.
Woman: junior Achievement is the word’s oldest, _______ and fastest growing economic
educational organization, it began in_______ in Springfield, Massachusetts. The group’s first
program was for high school students after school ______. Its goal was to show young people
how businesses are organized and_____. The students learned by_____ their own companies.
Local business people advised them.
Man: First, the students_____ a product. Then they sold chairs in their ______. They used
this money to buy the materials needed to make the product. They produced the product and
sold it. Finally they returned the ____ to the people who ______ shares in the company. The
junior achievement “company program” was very successful. It continues to teach young
people about American _____ by helping them operate their own companies.
Woman: in ______, junior achievement began teaching students in their classrooms about
business. Today, there are programs for students of all ages from _____ to ______. More
than______ American students are involved in junior achievement. They are taught by more
than ________ business advisors who are not paid.
Man: junior achievement has programs for young school children ages ____ through ____.
Volunteer business are organized. They teach how products are made and ______. They also
teach about the American economy, the system of money, _____ and trade. And they teach
students how the economy affects their families and their _____.
Woman: junior achievement has programs for middle school student’s ages___ to ____. A
volunteer business expert teaches the students once a week. One program is called “project
Business”. It is about economic theories. Students learn about____ and ___. They learn
about corporations. And they learn about world_____.
Woman: another junior achievement program for ____ to ____ -year-old students is called
“the economics of ______ in school”. It is for students who may be thinking about____
before completing high school. These students learn the importance of continuing their
education. First they play a much education is needed for each _____. And it shows how
much money each job_____. The students learn that workers with more education get better
jobs and ____ more money. Then the students learn how much money they need to ____ the
things they want. They realize that they probably will not earn enough money if they do not
____________ high school.
Part V Memory test: Radio advertisements
In our highly commercialized society today, no business can be successful without
advertising, one way or another. With advertisements, more people get to know about the
product; with advertisements, more people get to know how good the product is; and with
advertisements, people achieve confidence in the product.
You are going lot hears some radio advertisements for a variety of commodities (preferable
only one time). After that some questions will be asked. Find the right answers as quickly as
possible according to the notes you have taken while listening.
1. a. 59.9 pounds.
B. 6.99 pounds
c. 5.99 pounds.
d. 69.9 pounds.
2. a. 24 hours.
B. 12 hours.
c. 4 hours.
d. I hour
3. a. medicine b. candy.
c. milk
d. frozen food.
4. a.5300388.
b.5033808.
c. 5303808.
d.5308308.
5. a.30 pounds.
b.13 pence.
c. 30 pence.
d.13pounds.
6. a. soap powder.
B. shampoo.
c. beauty soap.
d. cleanser.
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & verb phrase
Part I
scratch
Scrape
Part II
Part III
go over to
Stay on
Break down
Tow away
Be booked up
Part IV
be involved in
Affect
noun & noun phrase
bargain
frying-pan
Basement
Hairdryer
Switch
Dressing-gown
Treat
Suites
mail order
Catalogue
Priority
Initial
Tracksuit
do-it-yourself tool kit
postage
delivery
grand total
credit card
fortnight
cashier
clerk
claim
expenses
fare
Lift
Trade fair
goal
profit
other
non-stick
hand-held
once-in-a-lifetime
medium
in case
junior
worthwhile
awful
reasonable
astronomical
Part V
develop a film
Computerize
Fecund
Pop
Tune
Renovate
Break away
Advisor
Volunteer
Project
Supply and demand
Corporation
video
title
obligation
photo processor
catch
craftsman
synthesizer
Newsagent
Cuff
Stain
Gravy
latest
in stock
competitive
genuine
professional
on the premises
8 choice versus chance
Part I Getting ready
Anyone who works regularly has a vocation. making a choicer, however, offers the
opportunity to have a vocation that is satisfying and rewarding. The alternative is a job that
is a matter of chance, depending only on what can be found easily. Leaving the choice to
chance generally proves unsatisfactory and leads to boredom with work and difficulty in
performing the job well.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. career: the general course of a person’s working life
2. made a fortune: earn a great amount of money, possessions, etc.
3. torture: severe pain or suffering caused in the mind or body
4. shift: a group of workers who take turns with one or more other groups
5. aptitude: natural ability or skill, especially in learning
6. team work: the ability of a group of people to work together effectively; (work done
through) combined effort
7. client: a person who buys goods or services
8. survey: a general examination or study (of conditions, opinions, etc.), especially
carried out by asking people questions
9. cross-section: a part or group that is typical or representative of the whole
10. brainstorm: have a sudden clever idea
B A new friend of yours is telling you about his career. Listen carefully. Rearrange the
following events in the order of time, and then complete the following flow diagram.
A. Go to university
B. Leave school
C. Become a teacher
D. Go into the army
E. Look for a new job
F. Work as a clerk in a small office
G. Finish the university course
Part II Summer jobs
The knowledge of the world of work will be very helpful for a student’s future career.
Ignorance of the many ways in which people earn a living has been a great deterrent to
freedom of occupational choice. To solve this problem, many students find holiday jobs to
gain actual word experience as part of their educational preparation
A You are going to hear an interview with some students who are doing holiday jobs in
Brighton. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column.
After the second listening, answer the questions.
Questions
1. Where have the following people been wording?
a. Christine:
b. Kevin:
c. Kevin’s brother:
2. How much has Christine earned?
3. In which part of the day has Christine been wording mostly?
4. What has Christine done in the hotel?
5. which of these statements about Christine are true and which are false?
( )a. The most enjoyable part of being in Brighton for her has been the job.
( )b. She has had free meals and accommodation.
( )c. She has made a fortune in Brighton.
( )d. She hasn’t spent much money.
( )e. She has been working as a waitress some of the time.
( )f. She finds Brighton an interesting place.
6. Kevin’s been doing two different kinds of work. What are they?
7. What was Kevin’s main reason for coming to Brighton?
8. What has Kevin’s brother done in Italy?
9. Why is Kevin’s brother particularly lucky?
B Now listen to the interview again. Write in the missing words with the help of the above
notes.
Interviewer: And have you been
it? Or has it been rather
?
Christine: NO, it hasn’t been
, but
I’ve got to know and
I’ve made, and I’ve managed to do lots of things in my
too. It’s
a
, so there’s been quite a lot
in the evenings—you know,
__________, __________, ________, and so on—and on my ____________ I’ve been
doing quite a bit of _____________.
Part III Jobs: my idea of hell, my idea of heaven
Job satisfaction in employees is extremely difficult to measure. Tasks that bore some
people interest others and some people will work hard even though they are
dissatisfied with their word (for example, to earn more money). Levels of punctuality,
rates of absenteeism, and the rate of labor turnover are perhaps the best indicators to
measure job satisfaction.
A You are going to hear three people describing the jobs they would hate to do. While
listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the
second listening, tick the places that they consider as hells in the right-hand column.
Places that offer job vacancies
An abattoir (屠宰场)
an AIDS clinic
A factory
a nuclear power station
A casino (赌场)
a university
A chicken batter (层架式鸡笼)
B Now listen to the same three people describing the jobs they would really like to have.
While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left-hand column. After the
second listening, write down their ideal jobs in the right-hand column.
Ideal Jobs
First speaker: ______________________________________________.
Second speaker: ____________________________________________.
Third speaker: ______________________________________________.
C Now try this: listen to some more authentic versions of the monologues. Pay close
attention to the reasons given by each speaker. Complete the following chart with the
help of the above notes.
Reasons given for jobs undesirable
reasons given for jobs desirable
st
1 speaker
It would be too repetitive.
I’m paid a lot of________.
It would drive me____.
I can ________and see
__________.
2nd speaker
It would be so__________.
The New York Meets is
the________
It would be too much ________for me.
In the world.
rd
3 speaker
I could be ______________of doing it
I can have an opportunity
to_____
it would be like a form of________.
I can be______ and work on
my___.
Part IV More about the topic: occupational outlook
The availability of occupations depends on shifts in the motional economy and increasingly
on economic developments worldwide. Three are several ways to measure their affects,
including the rate of unemployment, the international balance of trade, and the productivity
of workers.
The following short passage is about the occupational outlook in America. Supply the
missing words while listening.
For many people their firework, or______, is a matter of_____ rather than____. Yet there is
great variety in the world of work. The task of____ the right work from the thousands of
available choices takes_____. Individuals need to know many things about themselves and
many things about____. After they have this information in hand, the____ of the work a
choice can be made. This procedure requires_____, ____, and_____, but the ____ are great.
There are several____ to be considered when choosing a vocation: aptitudes, _______,
education and _____, wages and _____, and physical demands. Each is _____ to making a
good vocational choice.
Based on the occupational outlook handbook, some American occupations are expected to
___ in the future and others are likes to ____ sharply. Changes are related to the unites
states____. The occupational areas expected to be in greatest____ will be in response to ____
predicted in American society for the coming years. The following occupations are expected
to have the fastest growth: ____and auditors;
Actuaries; computer_____, operators and technicians; corrections____ electrical and
electronic ___ and technicians; _____ and legal assistants; ______ practitioners and
managers; _________ specialists; securities and _________ analysts; _____ programmers;
travel___. Occupational areas expected to decline include jobs that require ____ skills, those
that do not_____ computers or other technologies, and those that are unable to ___ to
changes in society. This does not mean that there will be no jobs in these areas- simply fewer
____ and fewer ____. They include:
___ and meat cutters; industrial truck and trailer ____; ___ carriers and postal clerks;
statistical____; stenographers; telephone ___ and repairers.
Part V Memory test : my line of work
You are going to hear three people describing the work they do. Listen carefully, and decide
what each job is. Make notes of the aspects of their jobs the speakers like and dislike.
Job
likes
dislikes
st
1 speaker
2nd speaker
3rd speaker
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & verb phrase
noun & noun phrase
other
Part I
criticize
career
unemployed
Stay in
economy
increasingly
Gather
location
various
Remain at home
aspect
Community
Part II
make fortune
accommodation
boring
Plus
bowling
obviously
Peel
sunbathing
reasonable
Hire out
suntan
fantastic
Courier
Part III
melt down
abattoir
day in and day out
Be capable of
nuclear power station
mad
Comprehend
casino
revolting
Pinpoint
AIDS clinic
self-explanatory
Beat
boredom
same
Work on one’s own responsibility
independent
Chicken battery
amongst
Night shift
Torture
Archaeologist
Anthropologist
Third baseman
Photographer
Contact
Part IV
select
requirement
available
Have sth. In hand reward
vocational
Match
factor
present
Consider
aptitude
potential
Expect decline
accountant
essential
Relate
auditor
sharply
Be in response to actuary
electrical
Predict
programmer
electronic
Rely on
technician
legal
Respond to
medical practitioner financial
Specialist
industrial
Security
postal
Analyst
statistical
Stenographer
Installer
Part V stick behind
client beforehand
Deal with
viewing impersonal
Handle
readership figure varied
Build up
survey
creative
Admit
cross-section in hell of
Persuade
brainstorming session expensive
Count
teamwork
tremendously
Dry up
campaign
tedious
Get the sack
drawback
Bother
front man/woman
Move on
character
Overload
grapevine
Battle-ax
9 Review (I)
Activity I Children’s jokes
You are going to hear three jokes. Answer the following questions.
1. how did the lad explain why he was on crutches?
_________________
_________________
2. can y9ou imagine what happened in the end?
_________________
_________________
3. what does the cab driver mean by the last sentence?
_________________
_________________
4. which joke do you like best? Why?
__________________
__________________
Activity 2 hope you don’t mind my asking
You are going to hear part of a radio program in which three different people are asked
some personal questions. Listen carefully; make notes in the following chart to help you to
remember what each speaker says. Make your notes as brief as possible.
First speaker
second speaker Third speaker
What do enjoy most in life?
What is your greatest ambition?
What has been your greatest achievement?
Which person do you admire most?
Who do you get on with best of all?
What was the nicest thing that happened to you yesterday?
Activity 3 who’ll get the job?
A You are going to hear Mrs. Grey, the personnel Manager, and Mr. Toms interviewing Jane
Langley. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.
1. what does “conscientious” mean according to Jane Langley?
_______________________
_______________________
2. why did she leave her last job?
______________________
______________________
B You are going to hear Mrs. Grey, the personnel manager, and Mr. Toms interviewing
Michael james. Listen carefully and answer the following questions:
1. why do you think Mr. Toms interrupt Mrs. Grey?
_____________
_____________
2. how often does Michael play football and golf?
_____________
_____________
C Now listen to the personnel Manager and Mr. Toms discussing jane and Michael after they
have interviewed them. Then answer the following questions.
1. who are they going to give the job to ? why?
_____________
_____________
2. do you agree with their choice ? why?
_____________
_____________
Activity 4 Market survey
You are going to hear about a market survey that took place in a supermarket on ways of
killing time. Listen carefully. Make notes in the following chart to help you to remember
what each speaker says. Make your notes as brief as possible.
Question
how do you kill the time in a supermarket queue?
Stan
Judy
Alice
Activity 5 Men and women
A You are going to hear someone talking about things she thinks women usually do better
and things she thinks men do better. Listen carefully and make two lists.
Things women Do Better
Things Men Do Better
B Listen to the conversation again. Complete the following chart.
Differences Between Men and Women
Women
men
Doing boring domestic things
Attitude towards the universe
Early age
Conversation
10 smoking kills
Part I Getting ready
It is a fact that cannot be denied: smoking kills. Cigarette smoke contains many chemicals
which are harmful to your body. It can give you lung cancer, heart attack, and it can make
you cough and become breathless. That’s why smoking should be prohibited in all public
places.
A the following words and phrase will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. Vulnerable: weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally
2. inhale: breathe in
3. clot: a sticky lump that forms when blood dries up and becomes thicker
4. artery: any of a branching system of the muscular tubes that carry blood away from the
heart
5. exposure: a situation in which you are affected or influenced
6. block: stop, hinder
7. zone: an area that has particular features or characteristics
8. at the expense of; giving up something for the sake of something else
9.ce: compel observance of
10. addict: devote or give (oneself
habitually or compulsively
smokers are not the only ones to run the risk of smoking-related diseases. Passive smokers
also suffer increased risk of poor health. Do y9u know what passive smokers are and what
they can do to protect themselves?
B You are going to hear a short passage about non-smokers. Write down every word as a
dictation. Ti will be read three times. First reading, read from beginning to end. Second
reading, read with pauses. Third reading, read without pauses again.
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
There is a close relation between smoking and heart diseases. Then how much do you know
about your heart? Do you know what a heart attack is?
C You are going to hear a dialogue. Supply the missing words.
A: I once heard people talk about coronary heart disease. What is coronary? Could you tell
me ____ about it?
B：Well, our ______ is a muscular organ. It’s just like a pump. It pumps blood to every part
of our _____. There are two small arteries that bring ______ carrying food and oxygen to the
_____ muscles. They are called the coronary arteries because they look like a “corona” or
crown ______ the heart. If a branch of the coronary arteries is _____blocked, part of the
heart muscles gets too ____food and oxygen. There will be ______ heart pain.
A: Is it a heart attack?
B: Not exactly. If a branch of the coronary arteries is ______ blocked, part of the heart
muscles ___________ getting food and oxygen. Then there will be ____ heart pain or a heart
attack.
A: So in either case, the person is said to have coronary heart ______. Is it right?
B: Yes.
A: But what blocks the arteries?
B: Arteries are usually blocked by _____ fat-like substance called cholesterol. When we eat
too much ______ or when we are overweight, cholesterol is deposited on the inner ______ of
our arteries. This build-up of cholesterol on the inner walls of arteries is called
arteriosclerosis.
A: I think no one wants this to happen to _____.
B: So let us reduce our risk of getting a heart _______ in adulthood by starting now to live a
healthy life _______— eat wisely, exercise regularly, learn to relax and never, never smoke.
A: Why never smoke?
B: To make it simple, _________ smoke makes the heart pump faster and allows less oxygen
to reach the heart muscles.
Part II The ASH man
As early as the 19th century, isolated reports were circulated that cigar and pipe smoking
caused cancer of mouth. Nowadays, more and more people have realized the harmful effects
of tobacco smoking. As an individual, what can you do to combat smoking?
A You are going to hear an interview. While listening for the first time, add more key words
in the notes column. After the second listening, complete the questions.
Questions
1. Why do you _________ people smoking?
2. If I smoke, it doesn’t _________ other people’s health, does it?
3. And the most vulnerable passive smokers are ___________?
4. Suppose you were at a ________, and people started smoking. Would you take a
________ on it?
5. Do you think that people will _____ smoking altogether in your _________?
B Now try this : listen to a more authentic version of the interview. Complete the answers by
the ASH man.
1. The smokers are breathing out _______ different chemicals into the air which I didn’t
actually choose to breathe in.
2. Smoking is by far the largest preventable cause of ________, premature death, and
indeed _______.
3. If people smoke _____________ a day from their late teens for the rest of their life,
__________ of them will go to an early grave.
4. Scientists are now in no doubt at all that regular _________ to other people’s cigarette
smoke is a _____________ to non-smokers.
5. Those children actually inhale the equivalent of about _______cigarettes a year in
cigarette fumes, cigarette particles and so forth.
6. If I’m very ________ by it, I just make my _________ and leave.
7. Smoking will be something that people may keep to do in the ________ and privacy of
their own __________.
8. I do want people to have the real ________ to learn information without counter
propaganda by the tobacco industry.
Part III Heart attack
A heart attack causes people a lot of pain. People often die of a heart attack. Therefore, a
heart attack should be treated as an emergency.
A You are going to hear the first part of a talk. While listening the first time, focus on the
cause of a heart attack. While listening for the second time, pay more attention to the
symptoms. Take down key words in the notes column. After listening, complete the following
chart in note form. The number in brackets indicates the number of words you can use.
Heart attacks:
Cause: blood clot _______(1)- coronary arteries; _______(2)- heart muscle- ______(1)
Symptoms: main: _________(2)
Others: occur suddenly; develop gradually; feel sick, _____(1), out of breath how long:
______(2); a few minutes
How strong; slight_____(1); _______(2)
B Now listen to the second part of the talk which gives advice about what to do if someone
suffers from a heart attack. The following phrases describe what you should do and should
not do when dealing with a heart attack, put these phrases into the correct column. Pay
attention to the order.
Leave the patient alone.
Call an ambulance immediately
Travel to the doctor yourself
Put pillows or cushions behind the patient’s head and neck, bend the knees
Lift the patient into a half-sitting position
Try mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration (if necessary).
Give something to eat or drink.
Press down on the patient’s chest to force blood around the body
Stay with the patient.
Loosen any tight clothing around the neck, chest and waist
Keep the patient warm and as calm as possible
Part IV More about the topic: tobacco smoking and arteriosclerosis
Nicotine is known to contract the blood vessels and to release hormones that raise the blood
pressure. Both effects could have an adverse influence on the heart. Smokers have distinctly
higher leg ells of carbon monoxide in their blood than nonsmokers. It has been shown that
even minute amounts of carbon monoxide decrease the exercise ability of patients with
known coronary artery disease.
The following science report is about the relationship between tobacco smoking and
arteriosclerosis. Supply the missing words while listening.
A new study shows that people who____ large amounts of tobacco are speeding up normal
damage to their arteries. It ____ that the longer and more people smoke, be permanent. The
artery damage appears to____ at a faster rate even after people stop smoking. The study also
shows that the harmful effect of other people’s smoke called “environmental tobacco smoke”
____ much greater than thought. It appears to _____ the arteries of people who never smoke.
The artery damage is____ arteriosclerosis. Arteries are muscular tools. They ___ blood away
from the heart. The arteries harden naturally as people get older when arteries harden, their
walls_____ to a sharply increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. The condition____ to a
sharply increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. The American medical association____
arteriosclerosis is responsible for more deaths in the United States than any other condition.
Doctors in Winston-Salem, North Carolina did the study. They____ thud effects of smoking
on the progress of arteriosclerosis.
More than____ adults took part in the study. They were from____ years old. It was one of
the largest studies ever___ on the earth effects of smoking tobacco. The journal of the
American medical association____ the results. The adults in the study were in ____ groups:
current smokers, former smokers, non-smokers often_____ by environmental tobacco smoke,
or non-smokers____ affected by tobacco smoke. At the beginning of the study the
researchers____ the ____ years later to discover the progress of arteriosclerosis. The
researchers frond that arteriosclerosis got worse____ faster in current cigarette smokers
compared with smoked but___. The artery walls thickened___ faster in people who had
often____ environmental tobacco smoke than in those who had not. The researchers also
found that the effects of smoking____ greater among people with diabetes and high blood
pressure.
Researchers say that the effect of smoking on the progression of atheosclerosis probably
is____ to how much and how long people smoke. They believe that stopping smoking
would___ further damage to the arteries. Medical experts____ that the importance of
environmental to bacon smoke as a risk for heart disease has not been____. Information
about it was rarely collected. They say environmental tobacco smoke may be a reason why
there is a history in some families of people___ heart disease while they are young. Critics of
smoking say new measures are___ to help the public avoid tobacco smoke. The American
heart association says the new study___ powerful support for a ban on smoking in all public
places.
Part N Memory test: combating smoking
One way to discourage smoking was to increase taxation. In some countries, especially in
Europe, the tax on a pack of cigarettes increased dramatically in the late 20th century.
A You are going to hear a short piece of news. Listen carefully and choose the correct
answers as quickly as possible.
1. What is Dr John Carport’s call?
a. Canceling travelers’ tax-free cigarette allowances.
b. Increasing travelers’ cigarette price.
c. Reducing the amount of travelers’ tax-free cigarette allowances.
2. Dr John Carport’s call was made on____.
a. Britain’s ninth national day
b. Great national no smoking day
c. Britain’s ninth national no smoking day
3. ____ people now do not smoke in this country.
a. three out of four b. Two out of five c. Two out of three
4. ____of smokers actually try to give up smoking on at least one occasion
a. 60%
b. 70%
c. 75%
5. _____of all smokers are really determined to quit smoking.
a. Two thirds
b. half
c. three fourths
6. the purpose of Dr John Carport’s call is to____.
a. Combat smoking b. put the price up
c. cancel travelers’ rights
Although more and more people have realized the ill effects of smoking, there is a trend that
the number of teenagers who smoke is increasing. This is a problem that we can’t afford to
neglect.
B Now listen to a piece of news about the situation of smoking byu teenagers in the U.S pay
attention to all the numbers. Match column A with column B.
Column A
column B
1. before age 18
- dying from cancer or other diseases linked to smoking
2. 30% of high school seniors – annual surveys began
3. in 1976 - annual surveys began
4. 420 000 Americans - not believing there is a great risk with smoking
5. 3 million adolescence - most adults who smoke began the habit
6. I million adolescence - using chewing tobacco/smokeless tobacco products
7. Half of eighth graders - smoking cigarettes now in the U.S
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & verb phrase
noun & noun phrase
other
Part I breathe in
no smoking zone
at the expense of
Enforce
steward
mild
Block
coronary artery
severe
Deposit
crown
wisely
Pump
oxygen
regularly
Reduce the risk of
cholesterol
Relax
inner wall
Arteriosclerosis
Part II object to
passive smoking
in close confines
Meet/go to an early fume
in no doubt
Grave
chemical
additional
Inhale
circle
altogether
Take a hard line on
counter propaganda
by and large
Play the rules
glossy package
believe it or not
Make one’s excuses
Mix
Part III loosen
heart attack
bursting
Press down
blood clot
out of breath
Take sb. Straight to
emergency
dizzy
Recover
artificial respiration
Part IV speed up
environmental tobacco
permanent
Harden
smoke
rarely
Stroke
Diabetes
High blood pressure
Progression
Public place
Part V scrap
news conference
with regard to
Coincide with
annual survey
eventually
Combat
high school senior
Impose the ban on
adolescence
Kick the habit
chewing tobacco
Addict
smokeless tobacco products
Persist
respiratory ailments
Retarded lung function
Alcohol
Marijuana
11 eating the right things
Part I Getting ready
One of the reasons why we eat food is to get energy. When the amount of food we eat
balances the amount of energy our body needs, there is no surplus to be changed into body
fat. This is the ideal situation.
A the following words and phrase will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. excessive: too extreme
2. deficiency: not having as much as needed
3. efficacy: capacity to produce a desired effect
4. caffeine: a chemical substance found in coffee, tea, and cocoa, which makes your brain
and body moiré active
5. decaf: coffee that has had most of the caffeine removed from it
6. obesity: the condition of being extremely fat
7. kebab: food that consists of small pieces of meat and sometimes vegetables that have been
put on a thin metal rod and grilled
8. Polystyrene: a very light, plastic substance used especially to make containers or as an
insulating material
9. Organic food: food free from chemical injections or additives
10. Yogurt: a slightly sour, thick liquid which is made from milk that has had bacteria added
to it
To grow and maintain healthy we must eat the right kinds of food and the right amounts as
well. A balanced diet is one that has the right amount of all the food need by the body. It has
some food for growth, some food for energy, some food for protection against disease and
some water. So what kinds of food should we eat every day?
B Before listening to this extract from a lecture listens to some words. Make sure you know
their pronunciation and the meaning. After listening to the lecture, make proper ticks to
show what nutrients each food contains.
Carrot: 胡萝卜
carbohydrate: 碳水化合物
Liver: 肝脏
protein: 蛋白质
Date: 枣
vitamin: 维他命
Rose-hip: 玫瑰果，蔷薇果 mineral: 矿物质
Molasses: 糖蜜，糖浆
calcium: 钙
Lentil: 小扁豆
iron: 铁
Citrus fruit: 柑桔类水果
iodine: 碘
About one-third of the people in the world drink coffee. It comes from the fruits of a small
tree grown mainly in parts of south America and Africa, especially in brazil and Kenya. The
fruits usually contain two seeds, which we call coffee beans. They hate to be roasted and
ground to powder before they can be made into a drink. Do you like coffee? Is it good for
your health?
C You are going to hear a dialogue, supply the missing words
A: How about a cup of______?
B: No, thanks. I don’t drink coffee.
A: Why not?
B: I am trying to cut down on my____ consumption.
A: Caffeine consumption? I can’t do a thing unit I’ve had my____ cup of coffee.
B: Caffeine is just the beginning. I used to drink coffee until I read that it contains____
chemicals, including tannins, caramelized_____ and carbon dioxide.
A: No way. You’re pulling my leg
B: I’m dead serious.
A: I think I’m going to switch to_____
B: Even decaf contains a small amount of caffeine. A recent____ in USA Today has linked
heavy coffee drinking with____ trouble. It said that persons who drink more than____ cups
a day have an increased risk of heart attack and_____.
A: But I thought Americans love their coffee and cappuccino.
B: We do. The USA drinks more coffee than any other country and_____ love their caffeine.
But most____ doesn’t realize how addictive and dangerous it can be. Caffeine is rapidly
absorbed in the ____, appearing in all tissues and organs within about___ minutes. By the
way, how many cups do you drink a day?
A: Okay, okay. I’m swearing off coffee. So how about a ____?
B: Are you kidding? Coke has____ as much caffeine as coffee. Moreover, it’s not just the
caffeine, but the amount of sugar that’s in soft____. All that sugar and caffeine can’t be good
for you.
A: You’re turning into a real____ fanatic, you know.
B: I just want to take care of____. Maybe you should start being more health conscious.
A: Then how about a ____ in the park?
B: I thought you’d never ask.
Part II Health food
Nowadays, many new products are in the “health” category, and the main focus is on
reduced fat and calorie content and increased dietary fiber. Do you think it is necessary to
consider these factors when buying food?
A The following words are used in a mini-talk, listen to the words first. Study the definitions
carefully.
1. sweetener: an artificial substance used in drinks instead of sugar
2. additive: a substance added to foods or other substances in order to improver them
3. fertilizer: a substance spread on the ground in order to make plants grow more
successfully
4. insecticide: a chemical that is used to kill insects
5.hormone: a chemical that is produced in your body
6. allegation: a statement
7. toxic: poisonous
8. antioxidant: a chemical compound or substance that inhibits oxidation
9. anti-fungal: capable of reducing or destroying a kind of plant which has no leaves or green
coloring like mushrooms and mold
10. moldy: covered with a soft gray, green,. Or blue substance that sometimes forms on old
food or on damp walls or clothes
B Now listen to the mini-talk. While listening for the first time, take down key words in the
notes column. After the second listening, complete the following chart.
Terms
usage of the term
examples
Health food
general term/___ of healthful foods
whole grain/___ / corn oil
____ classification. Between types of _____
organic food
narrowest classification/ most ________
fruit/ vegetable- treated with _____/ no insecticides/ not____/ fish/ dairy/ poultry- animals
fed organically grown feed/ no ____
C Now listen to the mini-talk again. Answer the following questions with the help of the
above notes.
1. According to health food advocates, is bread an organic food? Why or why not?
_______________________
_______________________
2. What happens to food when it is processed?
_______________________
_______________________
3. When buying food, on what do people usually base their choice? And what should be
considered first?
_______________________
_______________________
Part III Fast food survey
Fast food has come into our life rapidly. Because of its speed and convenience, people like it
everywhere. In almost every big city, you won’t miss hamburgers, fried chips and so forth.
A You are going to hear a market survey on fast food. While listening for the first time, add
more key words in the notes column. After the second listening, complete all the questions.
Questions
1. do you ever_________?
2. what ______ fast food do you eat?
3. __________ fo you eat fast food? Every day? More than once a ______?
Less than once a week?
4. what time of _____ do you snack between meals?
6. what do you _ fast food?
A. it’s_____.
B. It_______ good.
C. It’s good for you.
D. It’s an______ way of eating
E. It creates litter.
B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the dialogue. Complete the survey.
1. do you ever cat fast food/
2. what kind of fast food do you eat?
3. how often do you eat fast food?
Every day? More than once a week? Less than once a week?
4. what time of day do you eat fast food?
5. do you only eat it as a main meal or do you snack between meals?
6. what do you think of fast food? Definitely true
True
false
A. It’s convenient
B. It tastes good
C. It’s good for you
D. It’s an expensive way of eating
E. It creates litter.
Part IV More about the topic: organic foods
When you are buying food, what do you consider first: the nutrients the color or the price?
Do you believe in organic foods for which you may pay more?
The following report is about organic foods. Supply the missing words while listening.
Americans buy___ million dollars worth of food in a year. About____ them better and safer
than non-organic foods. Organic foods are produced as naturally as possible. Man-made___
are not used on the crops. Since organic foods often as possible. Man-made_____ are not
used on the crops. Since organic foods often require more farm_____, they usually cost more.
Yet the organic trade association says organic food_____ in the united states have increased.
This group says sales of organic foods have been increasing between______ and _______
each year. Organic crops are being grown on small____ operated by families. Some big
companies are using part of their_____ for organic farming. And many private farm
cooperatives are joining in organic______. Successful farming magazine says producers
believe the ______ in increasing for organic foods.
Organic goods used to be limited mostly to small____, selling only natural foods. But now
they can be found in some large food stores too. Expert’s say____ is generally keeping up
with demand. Business seems to be especially good these days for____ of organic dairy
products. Americans are demanding more_____, cheese, ____ and yogurt that do not contain
chemicals. Organic _____ also are more common, farmers are raising more cows and_____
with o9rgnically-grown feed and without anti-biotic ____ or chemicals that increase growth,
yet growing crops with out chemical____ or insect poisons can be difficult. ____ often are
limited at first. Farms must meet requirements before their crops can be declared organic by
a private___. Chemicals must not have been used on the farm for____ years. And the same
crops can not be grown in the same ___ year after year.
Since the organic farming industry is still small, there are also ______ problems. Farmers
often must drive their___ farther to be processed or sold than crops normally have to travel.
But industry experts say they expect_____ as more big food companies recognize the
growing___ for organic foods.
Part V Memory test: the British diet
In different countries of the world and among different peoples, there is a wide range of
foods which can be combined in order to provide a balanced diet. The type of diet a person
adopts depends on what foods are available, how much they cost and on religious and
cultural beliefs. Do you know what average British people eat? Do they eat a balanced diet?
The following dialogue is about the British die, listen carefully and complete the
fowl-diagram which. Which, when completed, will tell you why the British diet is not good.
The British diet
High in _________
Low in_________
Having a link to___________ and so on
Inappropriate for long-term health
Part Vi reminder of key points in this unit
Part I
Verb & verb phrase: convert / put forward / allege / cut down on/ pull one’s leg/ switch to/
absorb/ swear off
Noun & noun phrase: carbohydrate/ protein/ mineral/ tissue building/ tissue building/
deficiency/ cholesterol/ fatty deposit/ substitute/ carrot/ rose-hip/ liver/ citrus fruit/ efficacy/
calcium/ iron/ iodine/anemia/ caffeine consumption/ decaf/ cappuccino/ soft drink
Other: starchy/ excessive/ addictive/ health-conscious
Part II
Verb & verb phrase: spray
Noun & noun phrase: whole grain/ corn oil/ raw honey/ sweetener/ refined sugar/ canned
fruit/ additive/ fertilizer/ insecticide/ poultry/ organically-grown feed/ hormone/ (un)
processed food/ allegation/ antioxidant/ alternative
Other: widely/ poisonous/ toxic/ anti-fungal/ moldy/ preserving
Part III
Verb & verb phrase: send out for
Noun & noun phrase: burger/ pizza / kebab/ litter/ plastic/ polystyrene
Other: convenient
Part IV
Verb & verb phrase: operate/ keep up with/ declare
Noun & noun phrase: organic food/ farm labor/ private farm cooperatives/ yogurt
Other:
Part V
Verb & verb phrase: highlight/ neglect
Noun & noun phrase: obesity/ intake/ decade
Other: inappropriate/ remarkably
12 Are you fit and healthy?
Part I Getting ready
Health is freedom from disease. However, to be just healthy is not enough. If you are
overweight, you’re more likely to develop some diseases than people with normal weight.
When you’re worried too much, it’s more likely for you to suffer from headaches and
difficulty in sleeping. Therefore, you should also try to keep fit so that you are able to meet
the physical needs around you.
A the following words and phrase will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. junk food: food that is not very good for your health but is easy and quick to prepare
2. obese: extremely fat
3. waist: the marrow part of your body above your hips
4. quit: stop
5. sneeze: take in the breath and then blow it down the nose noisily
6. resistance: the power to remain unharmed or unaffected
7. workout: a period of physical exercise or training
8. vigorous: energetic; lively
9. toss: move repeatedly from side to side
10. pulse: the regular beating of blood through the body, which can be felt in particular parts
of the body
We eat food every day. However, if we eat too much food we get overweight. It is usually
caused by the consumption of more calories than the body can use. The excess calories are
then stored as fat. Being extremely fat can also lead to a serious medical problem.
B You are going to hear a dialogue. Supply the missing words.
Yume: mike, why are so many Americans_____?
Mike: well, that’s a good question, Yuma. You’d think that with the current_____ craze in
the U.S there wouldn’t be so many over weight Americans.
Yume: just how many people are overweight?
Mike: about____ of Americans are overweight. Interestingly, one study said that low-income
groups have a ____ percentage of overweight people than higher income families.
Yume: are there any other___ like that in the study?
Mike: yes. The study also said that the _____ the climate, the lower the percentage of obese
people.
Yule: yes . the study also said that the ____ the climate, the lower the percentage of obese
people.
Yume: that makes sense. When it’s hot, you usually don’t feel like eating a ____.
Mike: is that why Japanese people are typically skinnier than Americans?
Yume: well, our diet has a lot less fat and_____ than American food. And Americans eat a lot
more____ than we do.
Mike: you’re right, and we also eat more____ and junk food. But there’s another reason why
so many Americans are fat.
Yume: what’s that?
Mike: nobody_____ anymore- not ever kids. The average American home has the TV on
for____ hours a day!
Yume: wow! No wonder you Americans are so fat. You don’t get enough____. Say, mike,
aren’t you getting a little bigger in the waist?
Mike: yeah, I guess so.
Yume: you really need to watch_____ you eat and get some exercise
Mike: hey, I started a diet and lost____ pounds.
Yume: so what happened?
Mike: I quit and gained it all back plus____ pounds.
We are under stress when we are faced with a demand and do not know how to handle it.
Stress may be caused by life’s events, such as, starting school, examinations, a new job,
sickness, and death. Situations can cause stress too. Besides, The environment-noise, heat,
overcrowding- and ourselves., like our personality, our beliefs, are also some of the caused of
stress. Since stress is part of life, we cannot get rid of it. But we can learn how to control
stress.
C You are going to hear a short passage, focusing on the stressful situations involved and the
four ways to control stress, supply the missing information.
Stressful situations
Problems: disagreement between people; how to________ people
Problems: problem solving; _______
Money problems: not enough to_____; disagreement over____
Four ways to help control stress from situations:
Part II Stress and catching colds
Life’s events, such as losing a Jon, sickness, examinations, cause stress because they bring
about changes in our lives. A little stress makes us think and try harder. But too much stress
or stress that goes on for a long time can affect our mental health and physical health as well.
It can make people nervous, worried, depressed or \bad-tempered. Iota can also cause
difficulty in sleeping, loss of appetite, or headaches.
A You are going to hear a science report in which scientists explored the relation ship
between stress and colds. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes
column. After the second listening, match column a with column B
Column A
column B
1. colds can result from
- at a higher risk of developing a cold
2. people who feel extreme tension
- the risk of a could
for a period of time may (be)
3. signs of a cold include
- lack of exercise, poor diet, or working too hard
4. severe stress lasting a month or more increases - coughing, sneezing and a blocked nose
B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the report. Complete the experiment
report.
Experiment report
Project: link between stress and colds
Researchers: researchers at the university of Pittsburgh
Subjects: __ people
Age: ____
Procedure: 1. subjects were given______ - physical
- social
- ______
- ______
2. ______ were placed in the noses.
3. the next five days- examining to find out who became infected & ________
findings: 1. stress lowers_____
2. sever stress lasting______
3. people suffering from stress caused by _________
are more likely to get sick.
4. two causes of stress- _________________ - increase the risk
Part III “so you manna keep fit, huh?”
Exercise strengthens your heart and lungs. When you exercise, your muscles become
stronger and your joints more flexible. However, if you want to get the most benefit out of an
exercise, you also need to make a plan for it. Do you know how to do that?
A You are going to hear the first part of a radio feature, focusing on the time and the five
golden rules. While listening for the first time, take down key words in the notes column.
After the second listening, supply the missing information.
How long?
What for?
Warming-up exercises
Vigorous activity
Cool-down exercises
The five golden rules:
1. Always wear _________________ clothes when you’re exercising. You need to feel
_____________.
2. You should always do some simple _________first. To get your body ready for
__________.
3. Never try to do ___________________________. Take it nice and easy now. There’s
__________ about this.
4. Don’t forget to relax completely for ___________________ when you’ve finished your
workout. You need to ______________ after you’ve been exercising.
5. _____________ if you feel any pain in your ___________________.
B Now listen to the second part, What is that exercise that Crystal Collins shares with us?
Pick out the correct pictures that describe the exercise and arrange them in correct order.
Part IV More about the topic: Are You Fit and Healthy?
To keep fit and healthy is everybody’s life goal. Then how can we achieve that? Does it just
mean that we do a lot of exercise now and then?
The following passage is about health, diet and exercise. After listening for the first time,
decide whether the statements are true or false. Put “T” or “F” in the brackets. After the
second listening, try to find out the English equivalents of those expressions in the material.
True or false
( ) 1. The average adult needs nine hours sleep per night.
( ) 2..If you can’t sleep, get up and do something active.
( ) 3. Crash diets are good for you if you want to lose more weight.
( ) 4. The most important point of the “high protein” diet is that you mustn’t cook the food
with oil, butter or any fat.
( ) 5. The orange and milk diet includes oranges, oil and one litre of milk.
( ) 6. If you want to keep fit, you need to do a lot of exercise now and then.
Chinese
English
弥补失去的睡眠
薄荷茶
辗转反侧
一茶匙
均衡多样的饮食
减少使人肥胖的食物
彻底戒除食糖
替代品
不粘煎锅
深呼吸
一段楼梯
感觉气喘嘘嘘
Part V Memory test: How Much Exercise Is Enough Exercise?
How much do we need to exercise for fitness? How often? How hard? How long ? Is it the
longer
the better? Our body gets enough exercise only when our heart is working at a certain speed.
Mild exercise may be better than nothing, but it also cannot improve our fitness.
You are going to hear a short passage on exercise. Work out your own target heart speed
range.
Then arrange the fitness effect checking process in its correct order.
Your own target heart speed range:
My target heart speed range is between _______ and ______ beats per minute.
Check whether your exercise gives you the fitness effect
1. starting energetic exercise
2. stopping
3. 5 minutes’ warm-up exercise
4. checking pulse rate
5. 10 minutes’ energetic exercise
6. counting pulse beats
Part VI
Part I
Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & verb Phrase
Noun & Noun Phrase
Other
Make sense
Feel like
Quit
Gain
Junk food
Plus
Obese
Two heads are
Better than one.
Sacrifice
Part II
Infect
Affect
Virus
Coughing
Sneezing
A blocked nose
Resistance
Severe
Part III
relax
take it nice
take it easy
step up
Warming-up exercise
Cool-down exercise
Heart rate
Rush
Workout
Vigorous
Golden
Part IV
Catch up on
Toss
Herb tea
A (tea) spoonful of
Part V
Multiply
Keep in mind
Stretch exercise
Pulse rate
Stretch exercise
Pulse rate
Pulse beat
Upper
Lower
Minus
accurate
13 About yourself
Part I Getting ready
Our body is made up of different parts, such as face, hands and feet. Body words have been
widely used figuratively in some phrases. And these phrases often create very vivid images.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. grind to halt: stop moving
2. abdomen: the part of your body below your chest where your stomach and intestines
are
3. coil up: wind into a continuous series of loops
4. dehydrate: remove all the water
5. contaminated food: food becoming impure, unhealthy, or harmful
6. bacteria: very small organisms which can cause disease (细菌)
7. gobble up: eat up quickly and greedily
8. reserve: a supply of something that is available for use when it is needed
9. lash: hit violently
B You are going to hear several short dialogues. Pay attention to the numbers and body
words in the phrases. Then guess the meaning of the phrases with body words.
1. A: Do you know many ________ you’ve got?
B: How many teeth? Ooh, ooh. ________ ? More? (A: Yes) ________?
A: Yes.
2. A: Do you know how many ________ there are in your body?
B: How many bones? I’ll take a guess. ____________.
A: __________.
3. A: How often does your __________ beat?
B: __________ times a minute.
A: No, ________ times a minute.
4. Bob: Do you know what the boss thinks you should do, Billy?
Billy: Just you keep your great _________ out of this, Bob, will you?
(Meaning: ________________________)
5. Anne: Steven Kent, I never, never want to see you in my life again.
Steven: Oh no.
Mary: You really have put your ___________ in it, haven’t you?
(Meaning: ____________________)
6. Kate: Dave! Can you give me a ________, please?
Dave: What?
Kate: I said can you give me a ___________.
Dave: All right, I’m coming. No need to shout.
(Meaning: _____________)
7. Max: Are there any jobs going in your company then, for an intelligent, hard-working
young man like my son Julian?
Frank: No, I haven’t heard of any at all recently.
Max: Well, could you keep your _______ open, just in case?
(Meaning: ____________)
8. Carol: Have you heard about Maggie then?
Norma: Maggie? Maggie Thatcher?
Carol: No. Maggie Brown. She’s in love again.
Norma: Oh not again. Who with this time?
Carol: With her boss. ____________ over heels in love with him, she is.
(Meaning: ________)
9. Nick: Have you ever lent any money to Mick?
Jill: Mick? Huh! I wouldn’t lend him any if I were you.
Nick: Why not? Doesn’t he pay it back?
Jill: No. Never. He’s up to his _______ in debts.
(Meaning: _______________)
10. Liz: She’s a very good doctor. Never looks at her watch. Never complains. Nothing’s too
much trouble for her.
Pat: I know, yeah. Not many like her about. She’s all _________, really. All __________.
(Meaning: _______________)
Part II The digestive system and diarrhea
The human body is a highly complex self-generator, that is to say, provided it is given the
right fuel, it is capable of both curing and warding off disease. The food we eat helps to give
us energy. It has a long journey to make before all its goodness has been taken into our body.
The food takes up to six hours to be digested in the stomach, depending on the size of the
meal. The complete digestive process takes about 24 hours. But sometimes the system can go
wrong.
A You are going to hear a talk on the digestive system and diarrhea. While listening for the
first time, add more key words in the notes column. After the second listening, match column
A with column B with the help of the notes.
Column A
Column B
1. gut symptoms
__ absorbing digested food into blood
stream
__ contaminated food
2. the digestive system
__ drinking enough
__ a long tube coiling up in the abdomen
3. causes of diarrhea
__ carrying away waste products
__ constipation
4. jobs of the digestive system __ infection by viruses or parasites
__ breaking down food
5. treatment for diarrhea
__ adding enzymes
__ diarrhea
B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the causes and treatment of diarrhea
by a doctor. Complete the statements.
Causes of diarrhea
 There are infections, and this is _______________, which is caused by sort of
bacteria or organism.
 Some foods __________ might irritate ____________ and tend to give you
diarrhea.
 Some people when they __________ and _______________ tend to get diarrhea.
 People who suffer from the irritable bowel syndrome tend to get tummy pains
and _________.
Treatment of diarrhea
 Most attacks of diarrhea are not _______ and they ________ by themselves
within _________.
 The most important thing is to ________________________.
 It is better not to _________________ and not to worry about that.
 Ideally, the fluids you drink should contain a little bit of ____________.
 You can get special dehydrating fluids, which are ______________-.
 You can get your own fluids by adding just a teaspoonful of ________________.
Part III Immunity
The environment contains many potentially destructive microorganisms. It is impossible for
us to avoid contact with microbes. That’s why our body is constantly under attack from
invading germs and infections, Then why don’t we suffer from constant illness? Do we have
our own defense system?
A The following words and phrases are used in a discussion on the immune system. Listen
to the words and phrases first. Study the definitions carefully.
1. germ: 微生物,细菌
2. defense system: 防御系统
3. cell: 细胞
4. white blood cell: 白细胞,白血球
5. molecule: 分子
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
bone marrow: 骨髓
antibody: 抗体
measles: 麻疹
polio: 小儿麻痹症
tuberculosis: 肺结核
AIDS: 爱滋病
B Now listen to the following discussion. While listening for the first time, add more key
words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the questions.
Questions
1. Since we have the immune system, why do we still need vaccinations?
____________________________________________________________
2. How does a vaccination work?
____________________________________________________________
3. Can we produce vaccines for any disease? Give an example.
____________________________________________________________
4. Why is it so difficult to attack AIDS?
C
Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the discussion. Complete the
diagram. Then put the number of each phrase below in the proper place.
1. the virus that causes AIDS
2. remembering the chemical makeup of invading germs and attacking them very quickly
3. fighting invading disease
4. destroying the body’s immune system
5. protecting the body against specific infections
6. putting the body at greater risk from other common infections
Part IV More about the topic: The Circulatory System
To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together
and how they function. Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into eight systems
such as the muscles, the circulatory and respiratory systems and the digestive system.
The following short passage is about the circulatory system. Supply the missing words while
listening.
All ____ of our body must have nourishment and oxygen in order to function and grow, and
their ______ products must be removed before they accumulate and poison the _____. The
circulatory system distributes ________ materials and removes unneeded ones. It is made up
of the _______, blood vessels, and blood. The blood is also part of the body’s ________
system. It has antibodies and white blood _______ that protect the body against foreign
______.
The heart is a muscle that is divided into _______ nearly identical halves: one half receives
blood from the ______ and sends it to the rest of the body, the other half sends ______ that
has traveled through the body _______ to the lungs. When the heart muscle contracts, the
blood is forced out into ________ and enters small capillaries. Blood returns to the heart
through veins.
Materials enter and leave the blood across the thin ________ of capillaries, which are located
near every ______ of the body. In almost every case, blood leaving a group of capillaries
travels to the _______ and then to the lungs for more _______ before it returns to the
capillaries. The one exception is _____ that has traveled through capillaries in the _________
system. The vein from this system, called the portal vein, carries blood directly to the ______,
where nutrients are stored before the blood returns to the ________.
Part V Memory test: Hair
Nobody’s really sure why people go bald, but some scientists believe that people may inherit
baldness. If you are interested, check out your mother’ father. Your hairline may look like
his when you get older.
Now listen to this radio phone-in. Complete the following chart.
Caller’s name
Problem
Caller’s doctor’s opinion
Solution
Advice
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & Verb Phrase
Noun & Noun Phrase
Other
Part I
Take a guess
Keep one’s nose out of
Put one’s foot in
Give sb. a hand
Keep one’s ears open
bone
Head over heels
Up to one’s neck
All heart
Part II
over-tax
grind to a halt
coil up
digest
break down
Squeeze
dehydrate
irritate
clear up
digestive system
fuel
mechanism
abdomen
digestion
muscle
gut
bowel
intestine
enzyme
feces
symptom
diarrhea
constipation
contaminated food
virus
parasite
dehydration
fluid
life saver
bacteria
syndrome
Insufficiently
Rusty
Sluggish
Efficiently
Watery
Irritable
Reasonable
obviously
tummy pains
a pinch of
Part III
Lash
Come into play
assist
Immunity
Germ
Reserve
Backup
Bone marrow
Antibody
Measles
Polio
tuberculosis
Constant (ly)
Literally
Part IV
Accumulate
Distribute
Contract
Nourishment
Capillary
Vein
Nutrient
Identical
Directly
Part V
Comb hair
Shampoo
Baldness
Patch
Wig
Bald
Ridiculous
14 safety First
Part I Getting ready
Wherever you go, whatever you do, safety is always first. It is therefore important for us to
be able to identify potential hazards and learn some ways of removing or remedying the
problem.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. adhesive dressing: sticky covering put on a wound to protect it while it heals
2. pillion rider: a person who sits behind the one controlling the motor-cycle
3. pinch: squeeze between the thumb and a finger
4. tilt: cause to slope, as by raising one end
5. publicize: make widely known to the public
6. fracture: a crack or break in something, especially a bone
7. vomit: eject part or all of the contents of the stomach through the mouth
8. anesthetic: a substance that stops you feeling pain either in the whole of your
body when you're unconscious or in a part of your body when you're awake
9. fatal: capable of causing death
10. exhaust: gas that is produced when the engine of a motor vehicle is running
When you run and play in the field, you may sometimes fall and bruise your knee. Small
cuts and minor grazes are unavoidable in our daily life. Such cuts and grazes will usually
need little or no treatment. The bleeding will clean the wound naturally, and it should stop
within a few minutes, as the blood clots and dries. More serious cuts may need to be gently
cleaned with soft cotton and warm water. They
Should then be dressed with a clean cotton bandage.
B You are going to hear a checklist of questions about simple first aid. Supply the
missing words.
Follow this simple checklist of questions. Ask yourself each of these questions in order to
make sure you treat cuts and grazes properly:
First. Is the cut on the ___________ ? If it is, call a doctor as soon as possible—especially if
the ____________ is injured.
Second. Is the cut bleeding badly? If it is, put a clean piece of _________ wool over it and
press down firmly for about ___________ minutes.
Thirdly. Ask yourself if the cut is still bleeding _____________ . If it is, dress it with a clean
cotton bandage and call a doctor as ____________ as possible.
Fourthly. Is the cut a ________ one, and is it wide open? If it is, clean the cut _________ ,
with clean cotton wool and a little warm water, then hold it _________ with an adhesive
dressing.
Fifth question. Was the cut made by a __________ or a long, sharp piece of wood? If it was,
there may be some ~ in the cut. Let it bleed for a while, to clean itself. Then clean it with
cotton wool and warm water and dress it with a clean cotton _________________ .
Finally, don't forget that young __________ can become very easily upset or shocked by a
cut -- especially if it is a serious one. Try to keep them ______ and quiet. Don't give them
anything to drink, but keep their lips ~ with a little water.
A bicycle is a very useful transportation tool. Cycling is also a good exercise for
your health. Nevertheless, it is important to learn some knowledge to cycle safely.
Always check the condition of your bicycle. Ride a bicycle which is of the right size
and suitable for your cycling ability. Remember to keep your bicycle in a safe place
and to lock it whenever it is left unattended. Observe all the traffic rules.
C You are going to hear someone giving you some advice on cycling. Supply the
missing information.
Before you cycle
Check to see that your bicycle is in good working order before you use it.
Check these things:
~ Is the chain _____________ ?
~ Is the seat too high or too _ ___?
~ Is there a ____________ at the rear?
~ Are the ________________ well adjusted?
~ Are the _______________ pumped up?
~ Does the bell _________________ ?
~ Do the brakes ____________ ?
When you are cycling
~ Ride safely ... not too _________.
~ Use your brakes gently to control your __________.
~ Ride carefully on ___________ roads.
~ Keep both ____________ on the handlebars.
~ Keep a ____________ from other vehicles.
~ Obey all traffic ___________ on the road.
~ Use a carrier or ____________ to carry all packages.
~ Watch out for doors ______________ when cycling near a parked vehicle.
~ __________________ as you are approaching a junction.
~ ___________ the bell to let pedestrians know that you are coming.
~ __ clear hand signals.
Remember
~ Never cycle ___________. the flow of traffic.
~ Never __ a pillion rider on your bicycle.
Part II Kiss of life
Anyone whose breathing has stopped needs artificial respiration at once. Breathing can stop
from one of many reasons: drowning, electric shock, poisoning, suffocation or a sudden
illness such as a heart attack. Lack of oxygen can cause brain damage within only three to
five minutes and longer oxygen starvation leads to death.
A You are going to hear someone telling you how to give artificial respiration. While
listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column. After the
second listening, arrange the pictures in the correct order.
To check whether a person is breathing, you may put your ear close to his nose and mouth:
you should be able to hear air passing in and out of his throat. Or you may put a mirror
close to his lips: if he is breathing, the mirror mists over.
B Now try this: listen to an authentic version of a dialogue. A swimming instructor is
demonstrating artificial respiration for two students. Listen carefully. Complete each step
for artificial respiration.
~ Get the person lying _________. Check for breathing. Listen at ______________.
~ Lift the neck ________________ and press down ________________.
~ Pinch ______________ and keep _____________ on the forehead, with the other hand to
keep ________.
~ Make ________________________. Give _____________________ as quickly as possible.
~ Breathe ________________ and check ___________.
Part III Climbing
Mountain climbing is the sport of attaining high points in mountainous regions, mainly for
the pleasure of the climb. It differs from other outdoor sports in that nature alone provides
the field of action for the participant. Some people say climbing is safe, but others say it is a
dangerous pastime. What do you think?'
A The following words and phrase will appear in a radio feature. Listen to the words
and phrase first. Study the definitions carefully.
1. Mont Blanc: a mountain, 4 810 meters high, in the Alps on the French-Italian border
2. massif: a large mountain mass or compact group of connected mountains forming an
independent portion of a range
3. ascent: an upward journey
4. staggering: surprising
5. bicentenary: a 200th anniversary or its celebration
6. Chamonix: a town in S. E. France, in the Alps at the foot of Mont Blanc
7. unforeseen: unexpected
8. gendarme: a member of French national police organization constituting a branch of
the armed forces with responsibility for general law enforcement
9. footing: a secure placement of the feet in standing or moving
B Listen to this radio feature carefully. Pay attention to all the numbers and their relevant
information. While listening for the first time, take down key words in the notes column.
After the-second listening, complete the chart.
C Now listen to the radio feature again. Answer the questions. The words and phrases in
the brackets may help you do the exercise.
(ascent/unforeseen conditions/waitress in Chamonix / down the mountain/slips/weather
conditions/climbers themselves/tired)
1.What happened in 1786?______________________________________________________
2. Who was the first woman to conquer the mountain? When? _________________________
3. When do most of the accidents happen? __________________________________________
4. What are some of the causes of accidents? What is the most common cause according to
the speaker?
Part IV More about the topic: Treating Shock
When you suddenly have an experience which is unpleasant, upsetting, or very surprising,
you have a shock. However, in medicine, shock is a serious physical condition in which your
blood cannot circulate properly, for example, because you have had a bad injury.
The following passage gives you some hints on how to treat shock. Supply the missing words
while listening.
Right, tonight we're going to look at the problem of shock. In medical terms,
_______isn't just emotional upset. It is a very definite physical condition in which the
_______ and the circulation gradually lose ________. Gradually the patient becomes pale
and cold, drowsy, and perhaps he or __ even loses consciousness. Shock can result from all
major _______ -- bleeding, wounds, burns and fractures -- and the speed of the patient' s
deterioration depends on the severity of the _________. So whenever someone has been
badly injured, you must do _______ things: you must give specific help for the actual __
itself, and you must also do something to halt or at least to try and _______ the shock process.
Now here's one or two hints on ~ to do this.
First of all, you ______ move the patient unless you absolutely have to. If you're in a
burning house or in the middle of a motorway, you'll have to _______ him, of course. But
otherwise treat him where he is until the doctor or the ambulance __________. And the next
thing to remember is that you should position the patient _______ down with his head low
and his feet raised. This is to _______ the blood flow to the heart, lungs and brain. But
__________, of course, be tempted to move any part that might be fractured. Be careful
always of that. ________ any tight clothing, such as braces, belt, collar, or even-- you'll be
surprised to learn nowadays -- corsets. This will _ the patient more comfortable and allow
him to _______. more easily.
Keep the patient warm by _________ a blanket or coat loosely over them. If he's lying
on a cold surface, then try to __ something underneath him as well. But again, do that very
gently. ____ use hot-water bottles, because hot-water bottles actually ________ blood away
from the internal organs towards the skin surface. So although that may sound like a
commonsense thing to do, it actually _____________.
Reassure the patient, this is very important, by being _______ yourself, confident,
methodical and, above everything, sympathetic the whole time. Even if the patient seems to
be ________, they may be able to hear any unfavorable comments you make, in_________
fact. And if he hears or sees you whispering, then he' s bound to imagine the worst. He'll be
in a very _______ state and this will make his condition ________ too.
And the final _______ to remember is that you must not give anything at all by
_________. of drink, whether alcohol or tea or may be vomited__________ Any sort of drink,
whether alcohol or tea or _______, may be vomited up, causing choking. And it may also
complicate __________ if an anesthetic is needed later in _____. So all the old wives' tales
you've heard about administering brandy, forget them. If the ______ feels dry and he says he
s thirsty, or you suspect that they may be thirsty, you can allow him to suck gently a
_____________ or a sponge moistened with water.
Part V Memory test: Surviving in the Snow
It's not impossible for us to be stuck in bad weather some day like storms and
snowfalls. Do you know how to deal with that?
The following radio feature gives you some advice on how to survive in the snow.
Listen carefully. Decide whether the statements are true or false. Put "T" or "F' in the
brackets,
( ) 1. According to the presenter, it is even more tragic when we consider most of the
deaths could not be avoided.
( ) 2. Since the car is the most important piece of survival equipment, don’t leave it
unless you can see your destination.
( ) 3. If you know you're going to hit bad weather, remember to bring blankets, a sleeping
bag and, ideally, hot drinks.
( ) 4. In order to keep the car ventilated, have the window on the side away from the wind
open a little.
( ) 5. It's dangerous to use the car heater to keep warm because the exhaust can kill you in
a few hours.
( ) 6. If you know you're setting off in bad weather, ring up your destination to the police
in case something happens on the way.
Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & Verb Phrase
Part I
press down
keep a distance from
approach
pump up
adjust
Part II
drain
pinch
Noun & Noun Phrase
graze
cotton bandage
adhesive dressing
hand signal
flow of traffic
pillion rider
junction
pedestrian
artificial respiration
nostril
Other
at the rear
backwards
upwards
Part III
tilt
take a deep breath
make a tight seal
seal off
keep a steady rhythm
give much publicity
publicize
take sufficient account of
victim
sporting activity
due to
massif
unforeseen
nationality
liable to
bicentenary
ascent
rescue operation
footing
slip
Part IV
depend on
fracture
drowsy
lose consciousness
deterioration
pale
reassure
circulation
confident
vomit up
hint
Methodical
halt
choking
sympathetic
suck
an aesthetic
the old wives' tale:
moisten
sponge
Part V break down
survival equipment
in for
Get caught
destination
away from
get lost
drift
Fatal
Suffocate
snowfall
apart from
Ventilate
sleeping bag
set off
shovel
ring up
hot drink
take a turn for
exhaust fume
15 sportsmanship and championship
Part I Getting ready
Sports mean competitions of physical strength, skill, or endurance against opponents or
against an objective standard such as time, height, or distance. Sports can be divided into
professional sports and amateur sports, or team sports and individual sports.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and
study the definitions.
1. sports fan: a very keen follower or supporter of a sport
2. championship: a competition held to find the champion
3. dynamic: of force or power that causes movement
4.referee: a judge in charge of some games
5. foul: an act that is against the rules
6. penalty area: (in football) a space in the shape of a rectangle which is in front of the
goal
7. commentary: spoken description (with opinions and explanations) that is broad-cast
with, and at the same time as, an event, occasion, football match, etc.
8. final: the last and most important in a set of matches
9. stamina: the strength of body or mind to fight tiredness, discouragement, or illness
10. deuce: (in tennis) 40: 40; 40 points to each player. After deuce has been reached, one of
the players must then get two points in a row to win the game.
B You are going to hear a news item about a basketball tournament. Write the scores in the
circles. Which team wins each game? Which is the champion team? Write the team's names
in the squares.
Part II Yoga exercises
Classical yoga is a doctrine that is theistic and emphasizes purification through meditation.
A yogi, or practitioner of yoga, meditates in order to achieve true bliss, which involves a
complete withdrawal from the world. Yogis assume the bodily posture that affords them the
most stability and the least effort. The yogi strives to transcend body and matter through
consistent meditation.
A You are going to hear a conversation between two students Paul and Lisa about some
yoga exercises. Listen carefully. Match the names of the yoga postures with proper
pictures.
( ) candle / shoulder-stand
( ) plough
( ) fish
( ) forward bend
( ) cobra
( ) locust
( ) bow
( ) headstand
B Listen to the conversation again. While you listen, add more key words in the left-hand
column. After listening, complete the descriptions for each yoga posture.
Descriptions
1. Candle
Start by ______ on your _______ and then _______ your _______ up till all the weight's
__________ on your ________ and your ________ are straight up in the air.
2. Plough
Start by _______ on your and then ________ your ________ over till your _______ the
floor behind you.
3. Fish
Start by ________ on your ________ and then _________ your _______ and __________
the weight on the _______ of your ________.
4. Forward Bend
Start by _____ straight and then _______ forward.
5. Cobra
Start by ______ on your _______ and then _____ your ________ into the air.
6. Locust
Start by ____ flat on your __________ with your _____ by your sides and then ________
your ________.
7. Bow
Start by ______ on your ______ and then ________ your and your _______ till you can
__________ your _______ with your ______.
8. Headstand
________ on your _______.
C Listen to the conversation once more. Complete the following chart with the help of the
above notes.
Part III
Signals used by referees and linesman in football
Football ( or soccer in America) is a team sport played with the object of driving the ball into
the opponent's goal. The ball is controlled and advanced primarily by using the feet. A
player can also use the thigh, the chest or the head. Only goalkeepers are allowed to handle
the ball. Football is the world's most popular sport, with millions of fans throughout the
world.
A You are going to hear a conversation between a football course tutor and several
students about signals used by referees and linesmen. Listen carefully. Which signals in
the following pictures are mentioned? Match them with the explanations by writing the
correct numbers in the brackets.
( ) Direct free-kick
( ) Hand-ball
( ) Offside
( ) Start the game
( ) Foul in penalty area
( ) Stop the clock
( ) Foul near linesmen
( ) Indirect free-kick
( ) Match nearing end
( ) Throw-in
( ) Goal kick
( ) New ball
( ) Player must leave field
( ) Time up
( ) Play on
( ) Player is to be substituted
B Listen to the conversation again. While you listen, add more key words in the left-hand
column. After listening, complete the descriptions for each signal.
Descriptions
1. Play on
Hold the _________, at _____ height, with the _____.
2. Direct free kick
Blow the whistle and point with _____________ to-wards the ground.
3. Indirect free kick
Hold ________ firmly _________ at the side, and ___________ straight _____________ in
the air, with the ______________.
4. Foul near linesmen
Hold the flag ________ and wave it __________ and ___________.
5. Foul in penalty area
Hold the flag _________ the ___________, ___________ towards the __________.
6. Offside
Hold the flag _____________ the line of play in the direction in which the offside took
place.
7. New ball
Hold the _________, _______, in front of his ______.
Part IV More about the topic: Women in Sports
Basketball is another team sport played generally indoors by two teams of five players each.
One of the most popular sports in the world, basketball is played by men and women of all
ages and ability levels in more than 200 countries. The WNBA is said to be evidence of the
increasing popularity of women sports. More women are succeeding as athletes.
The following short passage is about professional women basketball players in America.
Supply the missing words while listening.
The Woman's National Basketball Association played its first _____ this past summer. The
WNBA was _______ by the man's National Basketball Association. The WNBA is called the
little __ of the NBA. There're ________ teams in the women's league. They play in __ major
American cities.
The women's basketball games have been more _______ than expected. An average of almost
_______ people attended the ______ games during the ______________ season. _____
American television networks also ________ some of the games. ____________ of people
watch them. Major companies pay to _________ their products during the broadcasts of the
games. The WNBA ______a lot of women. Female __________ describe the ______ during
the games. Female ________ make sure the players ______the rules.
The WNBA is the ______ professional women' s basketball league now playing in the United
States. An ________ group started the American Basketball League last _____. The ____
ABL teams play in the ____ and ______ in smaller cities. An average of _______ people
attend the ABL games last year. The League is not as ________ as the WNBA. However,
several members of both _____ are well known. They played for the United States on the
women's basketball team that won a __________ during the _________in Atlanta, Georgia.
How is women's basketball different from men's basketball? One former college men's
basketball _____ says, "Women's basketball is ________ to watch than men's basketball. It
is more _______. It has more ______. And the players work together more as a ____. It
costs much _____to attend a WNBA game than a men's____________ basketball game. So
many______ attend the women’s basketball players to be their _______. The players are
______ of another thing that women can do well.”
Another _________ between men's and women's basketball is that female players have
a _______. relationship to the people who come to watch them ____. For ex-ample, female
players spend _____ after the games _____ their fans and _______ their names for them.
However female players ___ much less money than male professional basketball players.
Last year ABL players earned an average of ______. The average pay for a male NBA
player's is more than _______ a year.
A star of the New York Liberty Team of the WNBA ________ the difference
between men's and women's basketball this way: "Women play a _____ game—________
basketball. Right now women are still playing for the __ of the game." People who attended
the WNBA games could buy many kinds of basketball _______ and other
products. One shirt described professional basketball this way:"_________ by man,
__________ by woman."
Part V Memory test: Which Sport?
Historically, a rigid distinction has been made, between amateur athletics and professional
sports. This distinction has become less rigid with time. Major league baseball, basketball,
and football are the chief professional games. Skiing, swimming, and the various forms of
tennis and running rank as the most popular individual amateur sports.
A Below is a list of popular sports and a set of sports pictures. Listen carefully. Match the
sports with their pictures.
sumo;
bowling;
cricket;
golf;
rugby;
squash;
tennis;
baseball;
hockey;
skiing;
snooker;
swimming;
hurdling; basketball; football; boxing;
running;
table-tennis;
B Listen to some extracts of sports commentaries. Decide which sport is being played in
each extract you hear. You may find the above list helpful.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & Verb Phrase
Noun & Noun Phrase
Other
Part I
beat
play
win over
sports fan
championship
hawk
panther
comet
bowling
Vs(versus)
Part II
take it easy
run through
lie on back / stomach
hold on
stretch
arch
bend
hypnotize
straighten
have high opinion of
yoga posture
candle / shoulder-stand
plough
the crown of head
circulation
cobra
digestive system
miracle
locust
bow
trunk
referee
linesman / linesperson
free kick
foul
dynamic
absent-minded
Part III
Part IV
Part V
involve
start off
catch one's eye
indicate
penalty area
offside
thigh
attend
broadcast
advertise
consider
sign
invent
perfect
glance back
over one's shoulder
association
WNBA / ABL / NBA
league
announcer
structure
evidence
average
Olympic Games
rugby
snooker
complicated
vital
firmly
lethal
major
former
traditional
professional
smoothly
confidently
lob
smash
serve
hurdling
commentary
commentator
umpire
final
full stretch
jab
center pocket
cue ball
loose ball
full back
lineout
goal line
stamina
steadily
deuce
unmarked
fit
16 “Have Fun!”
Part I
Getting ready
Entertainment has various forms: games, e.g. bingo, cards, dice games; dancing, e.g. ballet,
folk dance, popular and social dance; music, e.g. folk music, MTV, opera; outdoor recreation,
e.g. camping, skiing, swimming, tennis; reading, e.g. comics, novels, periodicals; movies and
theater, e.g. motion pictures, drama; electronic home entertainment, e.g. radio, television,
video games; and community celebrations, e.g. festivals, holidays.
A The following words and phrase will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. classical: (of music) written with serious artistic intentions and having an at-traction that
lasts over a long period of time
2. documentary: a film or television or radio broadcast that presents facts
3. coverage: the amount of time and space given by television, a newspaper, etc., to a
particular subject or event
4. cast: the actors in a play, film, etc.
5. subtitles: words printed over a film in a foreign language to translate what is being said
6. pageantry: splendid show of ceremonial grandness with people in beautiful dress
7. satire: (a work of) literature, theater, etc., intended to show the foolishness or evil of some
person, organization, or practice in an amusing way
8. installment: a single part of a book, play, or television show which appears in regular
parts until the story is completed
9. Sports enthusiast: a person who is habitually full of enthusiasm for sports
10. speciality: a particularly fine or excellent product
B People in the United States spend their free time in different ways. You are going to hear
some short conversations discussing the popularity of some leisure activities. Listen carefully.
Tick the correct answers and write down detailed information with numbers or percentages
in the brackets.
1. Which type of music do more people
classical
enjoy?
country and western
rock
2. Why do most people listen to the radio? for news
for entertainment
3. What type of magazines do more people TV guides
read?
news magazines
4. Which sport is more popular?
swimming
jogging
5. Which is true of more people?
They never exercise.
In their free time,
they like to be active.
hat's on the box?
Part II
What’s on the box?
Television is the most widespread form of communication in the world. Though most people
will never meet the leader of a country, travel to the moon, or participate in a war, they can
observe these experiences through the images on their television. Television has a variety of
applications in society, business, and science. The most common use of television is as a
source of information and entertainment for viewers in their homes.
A You are going to hear a television critic recommending some of the programs. Look at
the TV program guide below and tick the programs that are recommended by the critic.
While you listen, don't forget to add more key words in the notes column.
BBC 1
BBC 2
7:00 The Rockford Files
7:50 Football
9:30 News
9:45 Murder at the Vicarage
11:00 The Roaring Twenties (1939)
ITV
7:00 News and Weather
7:15 The Private Life of the Bee
8:00 Madam Butterfly
10:00 Match of the Day
10:45 Kramer Versus Kramer (1979)
Channel 4
7:00 Watch Your Step
7:30 Stranger than Fiction
8:15 Science Now
9:00 Hamlet
11:00 Psycho (1960)
7:00 Love Story
7:30 Detective
8:30 MI5
9:30 World in Action
10:00 News at Ten
10:30 High Plains Drifter (1972)
B Now listen to the conversation again. Give further information to each program
recommended. Complete the following chart.
Program
Channel Time
Further Information
lTV
8:30 a ____________ about the ___________ and
__________ of the British Secret ______—
the growth of Military Intelligence ______
__________ into the UK equivalent of
World in Action
Channel 4 7:00
Football
the _____ or ____
a ____________ about an ______________
of multinational.___________ -- concentrates
on the __ and __ industries
________ teams of university __________ and
________ have to survive for ____________ in
the __________ of Scotland and they've got to
solve various problems – find ________, solve
__________ work out how to _____________,
how to ___________. make a _________, cook
______ -- to reach their goal
live ___________ of ________ Vs __________
BBC 2
High Plains
Drifter
10:00 the __ of today's __ play
10:30 a reallv ________________ film starring Clint
Eastwood with superb ____________; a kind of
____________ of the battle between __ and __
Channel 4 9:00 a television production of ________________’s
Hamlet_ with a cast of _______________ actors and ______________
Part III What's on?
London, situated at the head of the Thames River estuary, west of the river's mouth on the
North Sea, is the capital city of Great Britain. Being as one of the world's most important
financial and cultural centers, London is noted for its museums, performing arts, exchange
and commodity markets, and insurance and banking functions, as well as a host of
specialized services.
A You are in England and telephone the Teletourist number for information about events
and places of interest in and around London. While listening for the first time, add more key
words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, complete the blanks in the
statements.
Statements
1. All the events you hear about are on today. Today is ________.
2. At the Hayward Gallery there is an exhibition of works by a famous ________________
Sir Edwin Lutyens.
3. If you want further information, the number of the _________ Information Center is ____.
4. The changing of the guard outside Buckingham Palace to-day takes place at ___________.
5. This evening the London Philharmonic Orchestra is playing at the ___________________.
6. The composers in the program given by ______________ Isaac Stern ______________ and
Andrew Wolf this evening will be ________________.
7. One of the two theaters that are on Charing Cross Road is ______________________.
8. The Royal Shakespeare Company is not performing Romeo and Juliet; it is performing
__________.
9. If you want information about times, admission prices and travel details of the events, the
number to ring is __________.
10.If you want information about events and activities of interest to children, the number to
ring is ____________.
B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the recorded telephone information.
Complete the following chart.
Entertainment
Place
Content
Exhibition
Works by British architect Sir Edwin
Lutyens
British Museum
Passmore Edwards
Museum
British Library Gallery
Pageantry
A general changing ceremony
Horse Guards Parade
Greyhound
Racing
The London Philharmonic Orchestra
perform works by ______, _______
and ____________.
Isaac Stem and Andrew Wolf present
a program of works by ___________,
______and ______.
Show
Wyndham Theater
Garrick Theater
Shakespeare
Ballet
Royal Opera House
Sadler's Wells Theater
Comedy:
Political satire:
The Royal Shakespeare Company
present Richard II.
The __________________________
_______'s program
Part IV More about the topic: American Unusual Museums
Museum is a Latin word, derived from the Greek mouseion, originally meaning a temple
dedicated to the nine Muses. Not until the Renaissance was the term applied to a collection
of objects of beauty and worth. The United States has thousands of museums. Some
museums show large collection of art, some show objects of science or history. Other
museums show collections of unusual things.
The following short passage is about the unusual museums in America. Supplying the
missing words while listening.
Museums show collections of ___________ art or objects of __________ or _________ value.
The large _____ museums show thousands of different kinds of things. Some of the small
museums throughout the United States show collections of one kind of_________. Many of
them are ________ subjects for a museum.
One such museum is called the "Museum of Bad Art". The museum has more than ______
terrible looking ___________.
Another unusual art museum is called the "American Visionary Art Museum". The works of
art in this museum are ________, but they are _________ from those in ________ art
museums. Visionary art is produced by people without any art ______.
Many small museums in America have collections of _______ things. One ex-ample is the
"Dolls House and Toy Museum". It has many old ____ and _______. It has small versions of
___________ that are common play things for young children. It also has small toy houses
with ________ and __________ inside.
The "American Sanitary Plumbing Museum" has a collection of ________ -- the devices
people use in their homes and offices to ___________ human wastes. The museum shows the
history of the American _______________. Many kinds of old toilets and plumbing tools are
in the museum.
Other museums have collections of _________ things found in a home. For example, the
"Lock Museum of America" has _______ devices that held doors or other objects ________
Some of the locks open only at ________ time. Other locks use many kinds of mechanical
__________. Some of the locks are _________ or __________ of years old. They are from
many different countries including __________,________ and __________.
There also is a museum for devices that measure _____________. It is called the "World's
Only Thermometer Museum". The museum has more than ____ thermometers. The
thermometers are in many different ______ and ______.
Several interesting American museums are about _______ subjects. One is the National
Museum of Dentistry The museum tells about the history of the medical treatment of
_______. Some frightening devices that once were used to _______ infected teeth can be seen.
Most people do not consider a visit to the ______ their idea of a _____. However, the
director says he wants to make the museum a ________ to visit. He says he also wants to
________ visitors about the importance of ___________ their teeth.
Another museum has a collection of devices that help people ____. The “Heating Aid
Museum" has almost _____ hearing aids from around the world. They include ______ and
______ devices. Some old ________ were made to look like other objects. That is because
people did not want anyone to know that they were ________. a hearing aid.
Some popular ________ in America also have museums. One is the "Jello Museum". Jello is
the name of a popular American food that shakes when you move it. Jello tastes like
different kinds of _______. Jello was invented in _____. The museum tells about the history
of the _______.
There is another unusual museum that tells about a popular food product -- mustard.
Mustard is a ________ substance made from seeds. People have added it to their food for
_______. The "Mustard Museum" has more than ______ different kinds of mustard. There
are mustards from almost every American _______ and from several foreign _______. The
museum shows how mustard is made. Visitors can taste ___ kinds of mustard.
If you visit one of these small museums, you'll not find __________. But you'll find visitors
who think these collections are not only _______ but also very ______.
Part V Memory test: Entertainment Announcements
All sporting, artistic, and recreational activities carried out in non-working hours are leisure
activities. Traditional leisure activities include many forms of sports, gardening, fishing,
collecting hobbies, card games, and eating out. Since the 1960s the shorter working week,
better diet and health care, greater mobility through car ownership, and the growth of cheap
air travel, have encouraged tourism and outdoor leisure pursuits.
You are going to hear four kinds of entertainment announcements: cinema announcements,
radio announcements, restaurant announcements and holiday announcements. Listen
carefully, and complete the following charts.
Chart 1 ABC White ladies Cinema Announcement
Cinema
Film
Certificate
Doors Open
ABC I
weekdays:
Sundays:
ABC 2
weekdays:
Sundays:
ABC 3
weekdays:
Sundays:
Late show for Fri.
Chart 2 Radio Announcement
Radio
Program
Time
Radio I
Radio 2
Radio 3
Radio 4
Chart 3 Restaurant Announcement
Restaurant
Main Feature
Price
Broadcasting
Opening
Hours
King Street
Bistro
(fixed)
Castle
Restaurant
(average)
Chart 4 Holiday Announcement
Place
Price
Duration
Main Features
Becktano
in the
beside a
in the
near the
by a
on a
Booking
Number
Tel. Number
204653
with lots of
no
no
no
no
no
Part VI
Part I
Part H
Part III
Part IV
Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & Verb Phrase
Noun & Noun Phrase
body builder
Red Cross
action movie
attendant
soda
make public concenTV critic
trate on
recommendation
survive
documentary
appreciate
equivalent
release
CIA / KGB
mention
investigation
take the bold step of
clue
puzzle
live coverage
allegory
cast
subtitle
be keen on
exhibition
present
gallery
architect
archaeological
pageantry
ceremony
Buckingham Palace
greyhound
orchestra
rundown
political satire
admission
carry away
visionary art
hold sth. closed
plumbing industry
add ... to
human wastes
mechanical device
dentistry
hearing aid
Jello
Other
classical
pop
further
right away
amazing
originally
multinational
daft
Vs (versus)
remarkable
superb
little-known
distracting
mounted
royal
contemporary
currently
available
scientific
historical
terrible looking
traditional
frightening
infected
spicy
Part V
produce
conduct
deliver
book
dream about
mustard
seed
installment
mission
audience
enthusiast
commentary
credit card swindle
menu
speciality
all-in holiday
spectacular
freshly
fixed
luxurious
in advance
17 For a Cleaner planet
Part I Getting ready
Pollution problems in many countries have gone beyond acceptable limits. The world’s forest
voter greatly lessens, the soil suffers serious erosion, the quality of the air s unsatisfactory,
surface and underground water is contaminated, traffic noise is far too high. All these
problems call for stronger control over forest, air, water, soil and noise pollution, and much
improved protection of the environment, especially in areas of concentrated population and
industrial growth.
A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the
definitions.
1. rain forest: a hot, wet, evergreen forest in tropical areas where rainfall is heavy and there
is no dry season.
2. extinction: destroying or being destroyed, dying out, as a species of animals
3. species: sort, biological group having some common characteristics able to breed with
each other but not with other groups.
4. equator: an imaginary circle around the earth, equally distant at all points from both the
North and South Poles: it divides the earth’s surface into the Northern and Southern
Hemisphere.
5. substance: matter of a particular kind or chemical composition
6. air conditioning: a method of supplying a room, building, railway coach etc. with air theta
is purified and kept at a certain temperature and degree of humidity
7. recycle: treat or process in order to use again
8. additive: substance added to another in small quantities to produce a desired effect
9. fuel: any material, such as coal, oil, gas, wood, etc, burned to supply heat or power.
10. release: let go or let loose
B here is a conversation between a mother and son from which you can learn something
about the rain forests. After that some question will be asked. Supply the missing words in
answering them.
1. He is making a poster to save the __________.
2. They cover _____ of the Earth’s land
3. They are mainly loggers, ________, and ______.
4. ______ of the world’s plant and animal species live in rain forests.
5. There is almost no change in ______ or growing _______.
6. About _____ to ____ inches per year.
7. _________
8. He wants to buy ________.
Part II The Campaign for clean air (CCA)
There are more and more organizations all over the world striving to make the earth a
cleaner place for people to live on. Due to their untiring efforts, most cities are cleaner than
they were 10 years ago, major strides have been ado in the technology to control pollution,
and people are becoming more and more aware of the necessity to protect the environment.
A You are going to hear some words and phrases taken from a radio interview. Listen and
read the explanation of their meaning. Try to familiarize yourself with these words and
phrases.
1. pollutant: something that pollutes, esp. a harmful chemical or waste material sent off into
the water or atmosphere
2. sulfur dioxide: so2 , a heavy, colorless gas which may cause difficulty in breathing.
3. acid: sharp and biting to the taste, sour
4. emission: something that is sent out, given forth or discharged
5. carbon dioxide: CO2, a colorless, odorless gas that cannot be burned, some what heavier
than air.
6. carbon monoxide: co, a colorless, odorless, highly poisonous gas, produced by the
incomplete burning of certain materials; it burns with a pale-blue flame
7. dose: amount (of medicine, drug, etc.) to be taken at one time
8. reflex: ability to react quickly and effectively
9. greenhouse effects: the warming of planet
10. icecap: a mass of ice that spreads slowly out in all directions from a center
B you are going to hear a radio programmed in which peter whitehead interviews francs
Kelly on the problem of air pollution. While listening for the first time, add more key words
in the left-hand column. After the second listening, fill in the gaps in the summaries.
Summaries
In this passage, Mr. Frances Kelly has altogether mentioned three kinds of _____: sulfur
dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
1. sulfur dioxide
sulfur dioxide emissions mainly come from ______ stations. It will lead to acid rain which
kills off ____ and ____ life in lakes and destroys the _______.
2. carbon monoxide
carbon monoxide is mostly produced by ____ vehicles. It may cause ____ and a _____ of the
reflexes. Moreover, scientists are almost sure that it has an effect on the _______ of children.
3. carbon dioxide
more and more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will bring about the _______ of the polar
icecaps and subsequent ____ of low-lying areas. In order to solve these problems. Mr.
Frances Kelly thinks that the government should have far stricter ____ on these emissions
and ___ should also be made to help deal with these problems.
Part III Traffic pollution
Nowadays, noise has become an annoying problem, since it is heard almost every where in
modern cities. Jet aircraft, heavy trucks, and sirens all contribute to loud, unpleasant sounds.
Noise control has become a global concern of considerable significance.
A In this section you are going to hear several people discussing the problem of traffic
pollution with a government official, Barbara fielding. While listening for the first time, add
more key words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the questions.
Questions
1. why are there traffic congestion and pollution on the road? Because there are too many
____ on the road.
2. in the first caller’s opinion, what is the most effective solution?
The most effective solution is not to build ___, but to improver our _____instead, such as
more buses, more ____, and shared _____.
3. what is the real problem according to the second caller?
4. what does she think of what the government is doing now? she considers it as_____.
5. what is the general suggestion she puts forward? She suggests that the government try
their best to make people ____ their cars.
6. what concrete measures does she mention?
She mentions several measures such as limiting ____ in she mentions several measures such
as limiting ____ in towns, making the roads ____ in stead of ____, and making the city
centers just for pedestrians and ______.
B now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the telephone conversation and decide
whether the statements after the conversation fare Truer or False. Put a “T” or “F” in the
brackets.
1. ( )
2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( )
5. ( )
6. ( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( )
Part IV More about the topic: the indoor air pollution
Although there are automatic air pollution monitoring systems in many cities to guide
pollution control efforts, one always fails to realize that many sources of air pollution are
inside one’s house such as refrigerators, gas coolers, and air conditioners. In fact, the air
pollution they bring about is no less insignificant than that outside.
The following passage is about indoor air pollution. Supply the missing words while
listening.
More than ___ scientists, public health officials and other experts from ___ countries met
near Washington D.C. earlier this month. They discussed the ___ problem of indoor air
pollution. Many countries have spent thousands of ____ of dollars during the past 20 years
to make the outside air ___ to breathe. Experts say, however, that air inside buildings in
often___ times more dangerous than the air outside. The air inside is full of cabin monoxide,
substances from tobacco ____ and biological materials such as ___, insects and moulds.
These harmful substances exist in all kinds of buildings,, houses, schools, hospitals and
offices. ____ them can lead to lung cancer, breathing disorders, ___ stomach sicknesses or
ear and ___ problems. Some of the worst indoor air pollution exists in developing countries
where ___ and coal are used for ____. Scientists say breathing these substances may be
responsible for almost___ of the deaths around the world. Experts at the recent conference
said ___ of indoor air problems are caused by ___ and ___ systems, but they agreed that the
problem of indoor air pollution is a ___one. So they said the solutions must be local. In the
U.S., the Environmental protecting agency is spending more than ____ dollars over ___
years to establish environmental health centers at several universities. Scientists at the
centers will___ indoor air pollution and work with local officials to improve the air ___ in
local buildings. James hill is a former president of a professional group of American heating
and air-conditioning experts. He says experts have learned how to improve indoor air in the
past ___ years. They also know how to ___ and take care of buildings so that the air inside
will be ___. Mr. Hill says that knowledge now should lead to ____. He says the goal is to
teach designers, builders and the public how to keep from polluting indoor air. Conference
delegates ____ that health experts, builders and engineers need to work together to ___
indoor pollution. They called for a betters of current technology to produce _______,
_______ air inside buildings.
Part V Memory test: Old Tires
More and more attention is now being given to reducing pollution, maintaining a natural
ecological balance and recycling wastes. Naturally, an important way to achieve this is to
expand the use of cleaner fuels. Thus, gas is being more widely used to replace raw coal,
cheap and clean solar energy is being studied, and with the development of science and
technology, even old tires may become a kind of clean fuel one day.
You are going to hear a passage about how to deal with old tires. After that some questions
will be asked. Find the right answers as quickly as possible acc99ording to the notes you
have taken while listening.
1. a. in the house..
b. wherever one likes
c. in the land field
d. in the garage
2. a . 24000000
b. 420000000
c. 340 000000
d. 240 000000
3. a . the tires can catch fire.
b. the tires can carry diseases.
c. the tires can become a home for insects.
d. the tires can trap water.
4. a. they should be buried underground.
b. they should be recycled
c. they should be repaired
d. they should be thrown away
5. a. because tires have long been used as a fuel
b. because people may run out of other fuels
c. because burning tires can send out good chemicals into the air.
d. because in the future, it is possible to make the tires burn cleaner.
Part VI Reminder of key points in this unit
Verb & verb Phrase
Noun & noun hares
other
Part I
cover
rain forest
tropical
Be impressed
project
Work on
petition
Extinction
Logger
Species
Equator
Donation
Part II
issue
air pollutant
in the longer term
Kill off
sulfur dioxide
damaging
Impose on
acid rain
polar
Emission
subsequent
Carbon monoxide low-lying
Carbon dioxide
Dose
Reflex
Build-up
Greenhouse effect
Icecap
Flooding
Part III
be aware
traffic pollution
in my opinion
Discourage from
congestion
positive
Carry on
public transport
drastic
Collapse
pedestrian
realistic
Part IV
lead to
substance
local
Be responsible for
tobacco
current
Investigate
mould
Keep from
disorder
Call for
air-conditioning
Part V deal with
automobile
unwanted
Throw away
vehicle
worldwide
Trap
waste material
open-air
Recycle
threat
Melt
particle
Rip
asphalt
Release
additive
Fuel
Chemical
18 Review (II)
activity 1 preferences
an interviewer is interviewing Sarah on preferences. Listen carefully. What things does
Sarah like? Write down her answers in proper places.
1. school subjects: ___________
2. places to live: _____________
3. TV: _____________________
4. Food: ___________________
5. Vacations: ________________
Activity 2 Do you believe it?
A listen to several newspaper headlines. Write them down.
1. ________________________
2. ________________________
3. ________________________
4. ________________________
5. ________________________
B Listen to the news. What information is in the stories? (Tick a or b.) Do you think they
might be true? Tick to show your opinion. (Open-ended)
True?
Maybe
probably not impossible
1. a. videotape of UFO sports show __________ __________ _________
b. people on earth saw a TV sports
show from a UFO.
__________ __________ __________
2. a . the school was damaged, and
many students were hurt.
__________ __________ ___________
b. the school was damaged, but no
students were hurt.
__________ __________ ___________
3. a. the statue looks like a rock star. ___________ __________ __________
b. the school was damaged, but no
students were hurt.
___________
________ ___________
4. a. he stopped eating.
___________ ________ ___________
b. he only ate one kind of food.
__________ _________ ___________
5. a. the elephant performs tricks before
soccer games.
_________ __________ ________
b. the elephant is a good soccer player __________ __________ ________
activity 3 in-flight service
you are going to hear two people talking on an airplane about in-flight service. Listen
carefully. Answer the following questions.
1. how long is the film?
_____________________
2. what is the certificate of the film?
_____________________
3. how much will the passengers pay to see the film?
Dollars: ________ Sterling: _________ Francs: __________ Marks: __________
4. what is the title of the film?
______________________
5. what kind of film is it?
______________________
6. where do some of the scenes in the film take place?
______________________
7. where is the bar?
______________________
8. besides the film and the bar what other service does the plane have?
______________________
Activity 4 Match of the day
A you are going to hear three sports commentaries. Decide which sport is being played.
1. ____________________
2._____________________
3. _____________________
B Listen to the commentaries again and complete the following sentences.
1. onokuni, also known as ______, is fighting against Fujino shin, whose nickname is
_______. Fuji no shin weights _______, but Onokuni is _________ heavier. ________wins the
fight.
2. the match is being played in _________. The two teams are ______ and ____. Higuita
_____ from the goal to try to get the ball, but this allows ______to _____. So the score is
_______, and ______ are almost certain to win. This means they will play in the ________.
3. With 80 meters to go, Glenda Walsh is ______. But ______ overtakes her and ____. Her
time is _____, which is a good win because it’s only her ________ this summer.
Activity 5 you and your community
You are going to hear part of a radio program called “you and your community”. Listen
carefully and answer the multiple choice questions.
1. What does the Chief Superintendent mean by a “jobber”?
a. Anybody who does jobs free for others.
b. A workman who only wants to be paid cash for a job.
c. Someone who offers to do a job but who probably doesn’t finish it.
d. A builder who advertises jobs “done cheaply” in the newspaper.
2. What does the Chief Superintendent say about young householders?
a. They are more careful than old people.
b. They tend to keep a lot of cash in their houses.
c. Most pay by check for building jobs to their property.
d. Many are deceived as easily as old people.
3. Why do the police want people to tell them about “jobbers ”?
a. Because it will help them to prevent crimes.
b. So that they can warn professional builders about them
c. Because they want to inspect their work.
d. So that they can talk to the jobbers about unsolved crimes.
4. What did “jobbers” do to one old person?
a. They attacked his cat.
b. They threatened to break up his house
c. They did something very unpleasant to his dog.
d. They tried to make him tell them where his money was.