Biochemistry H Silent Tea Party
Name_______________
1. What is polarity?
the unequal distribution of charges on a molecule
2. What are hydrogen bonds?
weak bonds between polar molecules such as water
3. What is cohesion?
the attraction of like molecules such as the attraction of water molecules to each
other.
4. What is surface tension?
water molecules at the surface of a body of water cling tightly together
5. What is adhesion?
the attraction of unlike molecules such as when water molecules are attracted to
other types of molecules
6. What is capillary action?
the force of water rising in a thin tube due to cohesion and adhesion
7. What is a mixture?
a material that is composed of two or more substances that are physically
combined
8. What is solution?
a mixture where all substances are evenly distributed throughout.
9. What is a solute?
the substance that is dissolved in a solution
10. What is a solvent?
the substance in which the solute is dissolved within a solution
11. What is suspension?
a mixture in which all of the components are not evenly mixed. The mixture
can separate on standing.
12. What are macromolecules?
Four main classes of large biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
nucleic acids) made up of many smaller molecules and atoms.
13. What are monomers?
small chemical unit that can join together with other small units to form larger
units called polymer
14. What are polymers?
Large compounds formed from combinations of many monomers.
15. What are organic compounds?
Compounds that contain carbon atoms and are found in living things. They
usually contain both Carbon and Hydrogen.
16. What are inorganic compounds?
Compounds that do not contain both carbon and hydrogen; many are also
essential to life.
17. What are polysaccharides?
large carbohydrate molecules composed of many smaller units, linked together
in complex arrangements
18. What are disaccharides?
sugar molecules with only two monomers
19. What are monosaccharides
simple sugar molecules that are a building block for polysaccharides(glucose
and fructose are examples)
20. What are fatty acids?
One of the components of lipids
21. What are saturated fats?
A fat that is solid at room temperature, found in animal fats such as lard and
butter. All of its carbon to carbon bonds are single. Too much of this can
increase the chance of cardiovascular disease
22. What are unsaturated fats?
A fat that contains fewer numbers of hydrogen (less stored energy) and is liquid
at room temperature, found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. Atleast one of its
carbon to carbon bonds is double or triple.
23. What are proteins?
macromolecules containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen; usually
made of more than one polypeptide chain.
24. What are amino acids?
building blocks (monomers) of proteins; twenty kinds
25. What are Reactants?
Substances that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
26. What are Products?
The substances that result from a recombination of atoms.
27. What are Isomers?
Two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but a different
arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties.
28. What is Dehydration Synthesis?
Covalently joining two monomers together. Water is released as a result.
29. What is Hydrolysis?
Breaking a polymer into shorter strands by adding water.
30. What are the functions of carbohydrates?
Provides short term energy, long term energy and structure in plants
31. What are Complex carbohydrates?
Polysaccharide- Starch and cellulose
32. What is the empirical formula for Carbohydrates?
CH2O
33. What are Polypeptides?
Polymer of amino acids
34. What is the Primary Structure of Protein?
The sequence of amino acids
35. What is the Secondary Structure of a Protein?
Helix and pleated sheets in segments of polypeptide due to H-Bonding
36. What is the Tertiary Structure of Protein?
The folded polypeptide
37. What is the Quaternary Structure of a protein?
Folded protein made of more than one polypeptide chain
38. What is the Function of Proteins?
Build and repair tissue, structures, enzymes, membrane transport, immunity
39. What is denaturation?
A change in shape of a protein due to high temperatures or extreme pHs, causing
protein to stop working
40. What is starch?
a polysaccharide found in plants to store energy long term
41. What is glycogen?
a polysaccharide found in animals to store energy long term
42. What is cellulose?
a polysaccharide found in plants to provide structural support(cell wall)
43. What is chitin?
a polysaccharide found in animals like insects to provide structural
support(exoskeleton)
44. What is steroid?
a lipid-like hormone with a cholesterol base
45. What is phospholipid?
a lipid with two fatty acid tails and a polar phosphate head. It's the molecule that
makes up most of the cell membrane.
46. What is peptide bond?
the bond between two amino acids
47. What is alpha helix?
the spiral shape formed by some polypeptide chains as proteins configure into
their final shape. This is an option for the secondary structure of a protein.
48. What is beta pleated sheet?
the zig zag shape formed by some polypeptide chains as proteins configure into
their final shape. This is an option for the secondary structure of a protein.