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Author:
:
Mahaletchumy a/p
Ramakrishnan
Date:
:
<09/09/08/>
Subject Title:
:
IT Application
Subject Code
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Lesson Title
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Version: 1.0
The Importance of Computers
Introduction:
This chapter helps you understand what is computer and how it has become a vital part of
modern organizations. We walk the viewer through the history, inventors, inventions, technology,
people and organizational components of an information system, and we lay out the role of IT in
related fields. We use number of facts, diagrams and examples such as interdisciplinary science
journals, to show the reader the type of IT applications being used and to point out common
benefits.
Learning Outcome:
In the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
 Define and understand the history of computer
 Explain the use of computers
 Describe information system, information technology and Information Communication Technology
 Understand the role of computer
 Discuss importance of computer education
 Explain the applications of IT in Society – Education, Exploratory, Medicine, Business, Sport,
Entertainment, Defense, Law enforcement, Legal field, IT and agriculture and Transportation.
*Every topic must cover one learning outcome only.
List of Topic
No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Topic Title
The history of computer
The evolution of Computer
The communities of computing
The definition of computer
The importance components of computing
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The role of computer
The importance of computer education
Application of IT in Society
*Maximum 12 topics.
Terminology
No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Word
Definition
ENIAC
EDVAC
IT
ICT
IS
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
Information Technology
Information Communication Technology
Information System
Reference:
1. Ani – Animation
2. Gfx – Graphics
3. Sub Topic
No. of Lesson
Sub Topic 1.1.1
No. of Sub Topic
No. of Topic
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Content
Topic Title
: Topic 1:The Importance of Computers
Sub Topic 1.1 The history of computer
<Content Writing: Computers are the foundation of Information technology. The creation of computer
originated from abacus and followed by mechanical calculators. “Who invented the computer?" is not a
question with a simple answer. The real answer is that many inventors contributed to the history of
computers. The table below shows the major milestones in computer history. The first computer called
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) shown in Figure 1.1>
Ani1:
Ani1: The animated abacus appears from right.
Gfx1:
Gfx1: Picture of the first computer.
Ani2:
Ani2: A different version of computer revolution
Gfx2:
Gfx2:Table of computer history
Sub Topic 1.2 The evolution of computer
<Content Writing:
According to the journal Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, the revolution of
computer starts with abacus, then the first mechanical calculators and then following the
generations of mainframe, mini, and micro. Alongside the revolution leads to scientific
calculations; statistics and tabulations; and the growing informational needs of business,
industry and government, all converging in the mid 1940s on the electronic digital computer
and then spreading out again in new forms shaped by it, in the end to be tied together by the
internet (Figure 1.2). Its progress is inevitable and unstoppable, its effects revolutionary.>
Ani3:
Ani3: The animated images of the components in circles.
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Gfx3:
Gfx3: The flow chart of the revolution.
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Sub Topic 1.3 The communities of computing
<Content Writing: The community of computing refers to the different groups of having different
experience in the use of computer. The Figure 1.3 shows the major groups. The first is the scientists and
engineers for whose needs the computer had been created. The second group comprises the field of
data processing, the first commercial extension of the computer. Tightly connected with data processing
is the field of management science. Next, Operations research brought a new mathematical dimension
to the field as practitioners sought to apply methods of tactical evaluation to business and industry.
Computers also fit into the agenda of industrial engineering in the area of automation and control of
production flow.
The communications industry quickly adopted the electronic computer and began the process of
building it into our environment. The Automation of military command and control systems (SemiAutomatic Ground Environment SAGE and World-Wide Military Command and Control System
WWMCCS reflects the history of modern warfare. The communities of computing running efficiently
also opened a range of theoretical and technical issues that prompted the emergence of the new
subject of computer science or informatics.
Source: Referred and edited from Interdisciplinary Science Reviews>
Ani4:
Ani4: The animated images of people from various groups
Gfx4:
Gfx4: The flow chart of the community.
Sub Topic 1.4 The definition of computer
<Content Writing: In this day and age, it is almost impossible for anyone not to be affected by the use of
computers. From the time a person is born to the time he/she dies, computers are always providing a
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service to him/ her. What exactly is a computer? In simple language, a computer is, at its most basic, a
machine which can take instructions, and perform computations based on those instructions. It is able
to obey instructions and execute them. These instructions are known as programs. This distinguishes a
computer from a mechanical calculator.>
Ani5:
Gfx5:
Ani1: The animated images of people using computer
Gfx1: The different generation of computer
Sub Topic 1.5 The Importance Components of Computing
<Content Writing: According to Jessup Leonard the author of Information System Today, the term
information system refers to computer-based information system. Computer-based information systems
are the type of technology. Technology is any mechanical and/or electrical means to supplement,
extend, or replace human, manual operations or devices such as the breaking system for automobile.>
Ani6:
Ani6: The animated images of technology, IS
Gfx6:
Gfx6: The 3 categories and relationship Figure 1.5a
Sub Topic 1.6 The role of computer
<Content Writing: A young child would say that he needs a computer to play computer games. A
teenager would say that a computer is important to him because he uses it to communicate with his
friends through online chatting, emails and e-groups. A student uses a computer to do his assignments
and research work. A businessman uses the computer to conduct business transactions. An organization
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uses computers to perform all its processing functions and ultimately achieve its organizational goals. A
group of individuals use the computer to collaborate and solve problems. We can now see computers
being used in almost every aspect of the human life. >
Ani7:
Ani7: The animated images of child, girl, old man using PC
Gfx7:
Gfx7: The various field in which computers
are used of computer
Sub Topic 1.7 The importance of computer education
<Content Writing: Every job that you are interested in will require some computer education. These
amazing innovations most certainly are not going anywhere anytime soon; therefore it is absolutely
critical that computer education is available at all levels. The industry needs a workforce that is IT savvy.
If you lack basic computer education and wish to get a better hold on modern technology and the future
that lies ahead, it's time to take action. It could not be easier to get a computer education now
anywhere from online to your local community college.>
Ani8:
Ani8: The animated images of people learning computer
Gfx8:
Gfx8: The picture children learning computer
Sub Topic 1.8 Application of IT in Society
<Content Writing: Educational software becomes more useful and interesting to students as graphics
and video are incorporated. Larger computer storage capacity and the growing prevalence of CD-ROM
and DVD drives in personal computers make it easier for educators to store large graphic and video and
sound files for educational applications. >
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Gfx9:
Ani9: The animated images of student using computer
Gfx9: The different types of educational
resources (application)
Activity A (Courseware Activity)
<Instruction:
Study Table 1.1, carefully not the columns Computer History Inventors/Inventions, and Computer
history Description of Event. Then attempted this Activity.>
Computer
History
Year/Enter
Computer History
Inventors/Inventions
3000 BC
Dust abacus
1642
Computer History
Description of Event
Builds the first numerical calculating machine
in Paris.
1673
Gottfried Leibniz
1833
Charles Babbage
1931
First calculator, the Z1
Click and drag the answer below into the missing box.





Designs the Analytical Machine that follows instructions from punched-cards.
It is the first general purpose computer Is invented, probably in Babylonia,
Builds a mechanical calculating machine that multiplies, divides, adds and subtracts.
Blaise Pascal
Konrad Zuse, Germany
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Activity B (Group Activity)
<Instruction: Form a group of three people and discuss the following questions>
1. Have you taken a distance or online course at your university? What did you like and dislike? What
are the pros and cons of a course without a regular classroom time?
2. Consider an organization with which you are familiar that maintains and e-commerce Web site.
Determine the types of information and processes available on the system. Do the employees make
good use of the system and its capabilities? Why or why not?
Exercise
Exercise
NO
QUESTION
1.
The computer is one of the most powerful innovations in
human history.
TRUE
2.
Use of computers enables people to perform a staggering
amount of computations at average speeds.
FALSE
3.
Computer-based information systems are the type of
technology.
TRUE
4.
Technology is any mechanical and/or electrical means to
supplement, extend, or replace human, manual operations
or devices.
TRUE
5.
A general term encompassing only the use of hardware,
software to create, store, retrieve, transfer, process and
present information.
FALSE
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ICT refers to the convergence of Information Technology,
Telecommunications and Data Networking Technologies
into a single technology.
FALSE
7.
Search engines such as Google and Yahoo constantly
develop new ways to find information within the evergrowing number of web pages.
TRUE
8.
Computers allow students to take charge of their own
learning and not to proceed at their own pace.
FALSE
9.
Networked computers are excellent tools for such
collaborative project work.
TRUE
10.
Only a few hospitals and clinics rely on computers for their
administration, financials, and data submission and
retrieval purposes.
FALSE
11.
Hospitals have secure electronic networks to deliver up-todate records whenever and wherever the patient or
clinician may need them.
TRUE
12.
New information about the ways businesses use
information technology yields vital raw material for
understanding how using information technology reduce
cost.
FALSE
13.
Broadband companies with the business and technology
strategies and tutorial information they need to prosper in
TRUE
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the new era of digital television.
14.
Computer applications also can be used to compare the
movements of two different players for future
improvement.
TRUE
15.
Sports fans can now go to sports websites to get sports
information on sports events and news.
TRUE
16.
Simulation software has also been used to evaluate racing
yachts.
FALSE
17.
Computers have given the modern military a degree of
efficiency and effectiveness that has completely changed
the way the military operates at sea, in the air, and on the
ground.
TRUE
18.
The use of computers in developing weapons is in the
design of weapons of mass destruction is the positive
development.
FALSE
19.
Information technology in Law Enforcement enables the
public safety agencies to access the public safety
information systems as computer-aided dispatch, records
management, geographical information systems, and
mobile computing in their day to- day operations.
TRUE
20.
Professional farmers can use revenue estimators to help
them plan which crops will produce the highest profits
TRUE
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based on weather patterns, soil types, and current market
values.
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Topic 2: The computer
Sub Topic 2.1 Definition of computer
Sub Topic 2.2 Type of computer
Sub Topic 2.3 Central Processing Unit
Activity A (Courseware Activity)
I am not sure.
Activity B (Group Activity)
I am not sure.
Exercise
I am not sure.
*Add more table for new topic if necessary.
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Summary
In the end of this lesson, you have learned that: The history and evolution of computer
 The role and benefits of using computer
 The similarities and differences between, IT, IS and ICT
 How IT is being used in Education, Exploratory, Medicine, Business, Sport, Entertainment,
Defense, Law enforcement, Legal field, IT and agriculture and Transportation
Self Assessment
*Must cover all topics.
1. Write in brief the history of computer?
2. With the aid of diagram explain the evolution of computer.
3. With the aid of diagram explain the communities of computing.
4. Briefly define the term computer.
5. With the aid of diagram explain the three different categories of computing technology.
6. Explain the importance of computer education in today’s society.
7. What is the role of IT in education?
8. How IT is used in Medical field?
9. Outline the benefits of IT in business sector.
10. How the entertainment industry related to IT?
11. How IT tools are used in SPORT and practice?
12. Do you think, IT is importance for defense, give your comments.
13. “IT is necessary for law enforcement”, discuss this statement.
14. What are the IT features of Legal sector?
15. How IT is used in agriculture and plantation?
16. Provide some examples of use of IT in transportation.
Reference
Refer to the master text.
Ending
*A short brief for the next lesson.
The next lesson focuses on the computer hardware which consists of components and parts. The
reader could able to know the basic of CPU, memory, size measurement and others. The lesson
gives knowledge on input and output devices.
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