Renaissance Period
1400 – 1600
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Italy is a group of small City States controlling
the northern half while the southern half is
papal states
Humanism –
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Machiavelli
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Capitalism-Show me the money!
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Expanding world
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Africa
South America
North America
Christopher Columbus
De Gama
Magellan
Reason – Looking for new silk Road
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Start of politically strong Monarchical families
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De Medicis
Hapsburghs
Romanovs
Spain Vs. Portugal – Line of Demarcation
Reformation
Martin Luther and 95 thesis
King Henry VIII and the Church of England
Renaissance Art
Visual Art
2 Dimensional
Depth
And
Perspective
Barrel Vault
Vanishing Point
Massaccio The Tribute Money
The Holy Trinity
Fra AngelicoThe Annunciation
BotticelliLa Primavera
The Birth of Venus
MantegnaSt. James Led to the Execution
DaVinciSfumato
Madonna of the Rocks
Mona Lisa
The Last Supper
MichelangeloThe Cistine Chapel Mural
RaphaelAlba Madonna
The deliverance of St. Peter
TitianAssumption of the Virgin
Mannerism:
BronzinoPortrait of a Young Man
ParmigianinoMadonna with a Long Neck
BoschGarden of Earthly Delights Triptych
Bruegal the Elder-
Fall of Icharus
DurerSelf Portrait
4 Apostles
4 Horsemen of the Apocalypse
GrunewaldCrucifixion
Alterdorfer
Clouet
Sculpture
DonatelloSt. George
David
Equestrian Monument
GhibertiSacrifice of Isaac
The Story of Jacob and Esau
The Gates of Paradise
MichelangeloPieta
David
DaBolognaMercury
Architecture
AlbertiPalazzo Rucellai
BrunelleschiDome of Florence Cathedral
Oculus
BramanteTempietto
Lescot
Louvre
PalladinoVilla Rotunda
Theatre
Sottie
- The Feast of Fools
More sets and bigger design
Proscenium Set Design
Comedia dell’ Arte
Music
Motet
Madrigal
Word (Text) Painting
Dynamics
Homophony
Da Palestrina
Acapella
Four Part HarmonySoprano
Alto
Tenor
Bass
Dance
Mummery
Courtly Dances
Ballet
Baroque Period
1600-1700
Age of Science:
Francis Bacon – Develops Scientific Method
Galileo Galilei – Better telescope
Johannes Kepler – Planetary Motion
Rene Decartes – Method of problem solving
Isaac Newton – Laws of Motion
Council of Trent
King Louis XIV
Queen Elizabeth I
Art forms are large, and very well organized.
DramaticOrnamentationOrnateVisual Art- Use of shadows and light.
Realism
Verisimilitude
Caravaggio
El Greco
Rubens
Poussin
Rembrandt
Van Ruisdael
Vermeer
Chiaroscuro
Sculpture
Bernini
Puget
Coysevox
Architecture
Palace of Versailles
Use of natural light
Theatre
Shakespeare
French Neo Classic
Rediscover Greek Playwrights
Corneille
Moliere
Music
Key
Temperament
Fugue
Suite
Concerto
Concerto Grosso
Orchestral concerto
Solo concerto
Program music
Absolute music
Ritornello form
Sonata
Cantata
Alberti bass
Harpsichord
Buxtehude
Scarlatti
Handel
J.S. Bach
Opera
Lully
Monteverdi
L’orfeo
Dance
Academie Royale Dance
Courtly Dance
THE ENLIGHTENMENT (CLASSICAL AGE)
1700-1800(20)
-AMERICAN REVOLUTION
-SECULARISM BEGINS
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IDEAS OF THOUGHT AND PROGRESS LEAD TO INVENTION
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SCIENCE AND EXPERIMENTATION LEADS TO TECHNOLOGY
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JAMES WATT STEAM ENGINE
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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AND MANY INVENTIONS-bifocals and discovers
electricity
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FRENCH REVOLUTION King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette lose their heads.
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MANY OTHERS OCCUR AS WELL PHILOSOPHY
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KANT
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COMMON MAN IS ENLIGHTENED
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VOLTAIRE
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ECONOMICS –LAISSEZ FAIRE
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INCREASE IN POWER OF GOOD MONARCHS
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HAPSBURGHS AND MEDICIS, ROMANOVS AND WINDSORS.
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HUMANITARIANISM Helping out your fellow man
VISUAL ART
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ROCOCO STYLE- clear focus, blurred background
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WATTEAU
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BOUCHER
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HOGARTH Painted humanitarianism. The Rake’s Progress and The Harlot’s
Progress
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GAINSBOROUGH The Honorable Mrs. Graham
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CHARDIN
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PORTRAITURE
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STILL LIFE
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DAVID
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SULPTURE
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FALCONET
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CLODION
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CANOVA
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ARCHITECTURE –Thomas Jefferson
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ROTUNDAS AND COLUMNS
THEATRE
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THEATRE BECOMES MORE SIMPLE AND FOR THE COMMON MAN
Beggars Opera.
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POLITICAL FIGURES
MUSIC
-ENPFINDSAMER STIL
-F.J. HAYDN Surprise Symphony
Did not compose opera
-MOZART Died Young. Composed opera
-BEETHOVEN (SYMPHONIES 1-5)
-CLASSICAL SONATA FORM
Symphony-3 mvt. Orchestral work.
1. EXPOSITION
2. DEVELOPMENT
3. RECAPITULATION
SOME BECOME PROGRAMMATIC
-TRIO
-MINUET
-THEME AND VARIATIONS
DANCE
-CORPS DE BALLET
-CAMARGO
-MARIE SALE BALLET D’ACTION Shortens her skirts
-DIDELOT – uses tights and wires