Digital Libraries INFO 653 iSchool at Drexel College of Information Science and Technologies Drexel University Summer, 2011 Time: Online Classroom: Drexel.Blackboard.com Instructor: Xia Lin, Ph.D. Office: Room 415, Rush Building Office Hours: by appointments only Telephone: 215-895-2482 Email: xlin@drexel.edu Homepage: http://project.cis.drexel.edu/~xlin/ 1. Course Description This is a course on the emerging field of Digital Libraries. The course serves as an introduction and overview to the research, development, application and practice of digital libraries. Topics to be covered include foundations and architectures of digital libraries, technologies of digital libraries, management and organization of digital resources, knowledge representations and discovery, metadata and standards, intellectual property rights, etc. 2. Course Objectives To acquire the knowledge and understanding of major issues constituting the basis of digital libraries. To identify and discuss major issues in the development and management of digital libraries. To develop an understanding of major metadata standards and schemas used in digital libraries To study and evaluate various digital libraries and digital collections To prepare students to work productively and creatively in digital libraries and related digital information environment. 3. Textbook and Reading Materials There will be no required textbooks. Most of the readings are online, such as D-lib Magazine, http://www.dlib.org/, CLIR, http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/ First Monday, http://www.firstmonday.dk/ Many others are on Drexel University Library's Electronic Resources. A recommended textbook is: Digital Libraries by William Arms. Its e-book version is available at: http://www.cs.cornell.edu/wya/DigLib 4. Presentation and Evaluation The course is run as a seminar when it is offered on campus. Class participation is emphasized. Every student must contribute to class discussion and presentation. For the first few weeks, each student will report his/her research on an assigned topic or project. Everyone will join the discussion of all the topics/projects. Each student will also select a topic to write a research paper as the term paper. The distribution of grading is as follows: Three short papers 30% Two exercises 20% Class participation 15% Final term paper 35% 5. Academic Honesty Please make sure that you have read and understand the University Academic Honesty Policy (http://www.drexel.edu/studentlife/judicial/honesty.html). You are encouraged to discuss homework assignments and class materials with other students, but all the work submitted for grades must be your own and for this class only. The instructor reserves the right to use Turnitin (available within Blackboard) or other plagiarism prevention software to check students’ assignments and papers. In order to raise awareness about academic dishonesty, the College now requires all the students to include a statement to deliverables (for example: papers, projects, exams) indicating that the work submitted is their own. The following is a sample language that can be used : I certify that: This paper/project/exam is entirely my own work. I have not quoted the words of any other person from a printed source or a website without indicating what has been quoted and providing an appropriate citation. I have not submitted this paper / project to satisfy the requirements of any other course. Signature: __________________________ Date: ____________________ ======================================================== Please make sure you include the above language with all your submissions. Course Outline and Readings Summer, 2011 Week 1. Introduction and Overview of Digital Libraries What is a digital library? What is not a digital Library? Required Reading: Akst, D. (2003). The digital library: It’s future has arrived. Carnegie Reporter. President’s Information Technology Advisory Committee (2001). Digital Libraries: Universal Access to Human Knowledge – Report to the President Kuny, T. & Cleveland, G. (1996). The Digital Library: Myths and Challenges. IFLA Conference paper. Borgman, C. L. (1999). What are digital Libraries -- Competing Visions, Information Processing & Management, 35(3), 227-243. Nunberg, G. (2009). Google’s Book Search: A disaster for scholars. The Chronicle of Higher Education. August 31, 2009. Rothman, D. H. (2011). It’s time for a national digital library system. The Chronicle Review. http://chronicle.com/article/Its-Time-for-a-National/126489/ Recommended Reading: Arms, Williams. Digital Libraries. Chapters 1-2. Borgman, Christine. From Gutenberg to the Global Information Infrastructure. Chapters 1-2 Digital Libraries: Definitions, Issues and Challenges Week 2. Vision and History of Digital Libraries Digital Libraries: History and vision DLI & DLI2, NSDL Projects Required Reading: Bush, V. (1945). “As We May Think” The Atlantic Monthly. 176(1), 101-108. Mischo, W. H. (2005). Digital Libraries: Challenges and influential work. D-Lib Magazine, July/August 2005. Arms, Williams. Digital Libraries. Chapter 4: Innovation and Research TED Video (20 minutes): Brewster Kahle builds a free digital library. http://www.ted.com/talks/brewster_kahle_builds_a_free_digital_library.html DPLA – Digital Public Library of America Recommended Reading: NSF/DARPA/NASA Digital Libraries Initiative http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july98/07griffin.html Google Book Digitization Project (2004) o The Infinite Library Greenstein and Thorin (2002). The Digital Library: A Biography System Exploration: Memex Prototype Week 3. Metadata and Foundations of Digital Libraries Metadata Digital Library Manifesto Required: Metadata Made Simpler (2001) Introduction to Metadata (online edition , version 3.0, 2008) What is a Digital Library Anymore, Anyway? (D-Lib Magazine, Nov. 2005, doi:10.1045/november2005-lagoze) Digital Library as Network and Community Center (D-Lib Magazine, Dec. 2006, doi:10.1045/december2006-manduca) Setting the Foundations of Digital Libraries, (D-Lib Magazine, March/April, 2007). Recommended: Arms, Williams. Digital Libraries. Chapter 10: Information Retrieval and Descriptive Metadata A Service Framework for Libraries (D-Lib Magazine, July/August, 2006) System Exploration: IPL Digital Library Week 4. Architecture and Systems of Digital Libraries Digital Objects and DOI Digital Library Architectures Distributed Models of digital libraries Required Reading: Erickson, John. "Digital Object Identifier", In McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science & Technology 2003. DOI: A 2003 Progress Report (D-Lib Magazine, June, 2003. DOI: 10.1045/june2003-paskin). An Architecture for Information in Digital Libraries (D-Lib Magazine, Feb. 1997) Brogan, M. Contexts and Contributions: Building the Distributed Library (DLF Report, November 2006). Goncalves, MA, Fox, EA, Watson, LT, et al. (2004). Streams, structures, spaces, scenarios, societies (5S): A formal model for digital libraries. ACM Transactions of Information Systems, 22 (2): 270-312. Recommended Reading: Arms, Williams. Digital Libraries. Chapter 12: Object Models, Identifiers, and Structural Metadata. A Metadata Architecture for Digital Libraries (1998) DSpace: An Open Source Dynamic Digital Repository (D-Lib Magazine, January, 2003. DOI: 10.1045/january2003-smith). Fedora Architecture: http://www.fedora.info/ System exploration: DSpace Week 5. Content Organizations in the Digital Space Indexing & knowledge representation KOS, ontology and topic maps Required Reading: Hodge, G. (2000). Systems of Knowledge Organization for Digital Libraries: Beyond Traditional Authority Files. The TAO of Topic Maps NKOS – Networked Knowledge Organization Systems SKOS, http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/ Recommended Reading: Wrightson, A. (2001). Topic maps and Knowledge Representations Arms, C., and Arms, W. "Mixed Content and Mixed Metadata: Information Discovery in a Messy World." In Metadata in Practice, edited by D. Hillmann and E. Westbrooks, ALA Editions, 2004. System Exploration: Drupal Week 6. Digital Collections and its Evaluation Defining digital collections Building digital collections Evaluating digital collections Required Reading: Defining Collections in Distributed Digital Libraries (1998). Smith, A. (2001). Strategies for Building Digitized Collections. CDL Guides for Digital Objects (2007). Atkinson, R. “Library functions, scholarly communication, and the foundation of the digital library: laying claim to the control zone.” Library Quarterly, 66(3), 239-265. 1996. Emerging tools for evaluating digital library services: Conceptual adaptations of LibQUAL+ and CAPM (Journal of Digital Information, 4(2), June, 2003). Recommended Reading: Building Digital Collections: Technical Information and Background Papers (Library of Congress) NISO (2007). A Framework of Guidance for Building Good Digital Collections (3rd edition). Digital Library Content and Course Management Systems: Issues of Interoperation. (DLF Report, July, 2004). System Exploration: Fedora Week 7. Access and User Interfaces to Digital Libraries Resource discovery and searching Interface design Search and access interfaces Information visualization Required Reading: Paepcke, A.(1996). Digital Libraries: Searching Is Not Enough. D-Lib Magazine, May 1996. Smith, A. G. (2000) Search features of digital libraries. Information Research, 5(3) Bates, Marcia J. (2002). The cascade of interactions in the digital library interface. Information Processing & Management, 38(3), 381-400. Martin, R. S. (2003). Reaching across Library Boundaries. In: Emerging Visions for Access in the Twenty-first Century Library. (CLIR report &CDL Conference Proceedings). Manduca, C. A.; Iverson, E. R.; & Fox, S. (2005). Influencing user behavior through digital library design (D-lib Magazine, May, 2005). Arko, R. A.; Ginger, K. M.; Kastens, K. A.; & Weatherley, J. (2006). Using Annotations to add value to a digital library for education. (D-lib Magazine, May, 2006). Recommended Reading: User-centered iterative design for digital libraries (D-Lib Magazine, Feb. 1996). An Atlas of Cyberspaces --Information Space Maps National Research Council. More than Screen Deep: Toward Every-Citizen Interfaces to the Nation's Information Infrastructure, 1996: (Read at least the Executive Summary). CDL user interface principles. System Exploration: Visual Concept Explorer Week 8. Social Factors of Digital Libraries Copyrights & Open access Security, privacy, and Intellectual property Digital Preservation Required Reading: Copyright in the Digital Library Besek, June. Copyright Issues Relevant to the Creation of a Digital Archive: A Preliminary Assessment. Digital Rights Management and the Break Downs of Social Norms (FirstMonday: http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1097/1017 ) Copyright issues in Open Access Research Journals. (D-Lib Magazine, Feb. 2006) Jantz, R. & Giarlo, M. J. (2005). Digital Preservation: Architecture and Technology for Trusted Digital Repositories. (D-Lib Magazine, June 2005). Recommended Reading: Statement of Senator Brownback on introducing the Consumers, Schools, and Libraries Digital Rights Management Act of 2003. Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) DRM and Privacy (Cohen, Julie E. “The Law and Technology of Digital Rights Management: DRM and Privacy.” Berkeley Technology Law Journal 18 (Spring 2003) : 575-617). Transitions in Intellectual Property for Digital Libraries Copyright Law for the Digital Library: A Bibliography (Sept. 2003 version) The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 Intellectual Property Digital Library Preservation risk management for Web resources (D-Lib Magazine, Jan. 2002). National Digital Information Infrastructure Preservation Program System Exploration: Greenstone Digital Library Software Week 9. Digital Librarians Users' needs and long tail Digital librarians Required Reading: Coleman, A.; & Sumner, T. (2004). Digital Libraries and User Needs: Negotiating the Future. Journal of Digital Information, 5(3), http://journals.tdl.org/jodi/article/view/119/123 . Covey, Denise. Usage and Usability Assessment: Library Practices and Concerns. CLIR 105, 2002. The Long Tail (Wikipedia). Dempsey, L. Libraries and the long tail. (D-Lib Magazine, April, 2006). Choi, Y. & Rasmussen, E. (2006). What do digital librarians do? JCDL 2006, Choi, Y. & Rasmussen, E. (2006). What is Needed to Educate Future Digital Librarians (D-Lin Magazine, Sept. 2006). Marion, L. (2001). “Digital Librarian, Cybrarian, or Librarian with Specialized Skills: Who Will Staff Digital Libraries?” Crossing the Divide: Proceedings of the Tenth National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries. Denver, Colorado, March 15-18, 2001), pp143-149. [The first version of this article was developed in this class]. Recommended Reading: Hastings, K. & Tennant, R. (1996). How to Build a Digital Librarian. D-Lib Magazine, November 1996. Steele, C.; Guha, M. (1999). “Staffing the Digital Library in the 21st Century”. Tennant, R. (1998). “The Most Important Management Decision: Hiring Staff for the New Millennium”. Library Journal, February 15, 1998. Tennant, R. (2002). “Digital Libraries – The Digital Librarian Shortage”. Library Journal, March 15, 2002. System Exploration: MediaWiki.org Week 10. Future of Digital Libraries Semantic Digital Libraries Web 2.0, Library 2.0, and Digital Libraries 2.0 Required Reading: The national Centre for Text Mining: A Vision for the Future (Ariadne Magazine, 2007). Larsen, R. L. & Wactlar, H. D. (2003). “Knowledge Loss in Information”, final report of NSF Workshop on research directions for digital libraries. McDermott, R. (1999) Why information technology inspired but cannot deliver knowledge management; California Management Review, 41(3), 103-118 Summer 1999. (PDF file for this document is in this week’s notes folder). Recommended Reading/Resources: Lesk, M.E., How much information is there? http://www.lesk.com/mlesk/ksg97/ksg.html Digital Collections, Digital Libraries and the digitization of cultural heritage information. (First Monday, May 2002). Digital Talking Books System Exploration: JeromeDL – Semantic Digital Library