COSC 2307 Database Management Systems (ORACLE)
LAB ASSIGNMENT - INTRODUCTION TO SQL
Purpose:
To introduce students to structured query language (SQL), the assignment consists of
starting up Oracle SQL, learning how to create a table, enter data, change data in the
table, delete data, and drop the table.
To continue the introduction to structured query language (SQL), the assignment explores
variations on the select command, logical tests, and null combining of tables, subqueries,
and views.
This is only a practice exercise and not to be submitted.
Requirements:
1. To start up SQLPLUS, click on the Start menu, then the Programs menu. One of the
choices is ORACLE for Windows NT. Click on that menu item, then on the menu
that comes up click on the choice SQLPLUS 8.0 (Near the bottom). You will then be
prompted with a dialog box that asks for your user name, password and the host. We
are running ORACLE on a client-server architecture, where the clients are on the
Windows NT and the server is on the UNIX (SUN server) you need to enter the user
name as your student number, password as your social security number, as shown
below. You need to provide a host entry as “oracledb”. If you have correctly entered
the user name and password, Oracle will respond with the word “Connected to”
followed by 3 or four lines of information, then the prompt “SQL>”. This indicates
you have successfully logged on.
User Name
Student#
Password
SIN
Host
oracledb
2. Since we are using ORACLE installed on the server, any objects such as tables,
views, etc. that you create, and their associated data, will be available on the server.
Therefore, you can use any machine in the lab for working on Oracle labs.
3. Spooling SQL*PLUS Commands and output to a File
a. Start SQL*PLUS, click File on the menu bar, point to spool, then click Spool
File. Select the name of a file and click save.
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b. Run the query from SQL*PLUS.
c. Click File on the menu bar, point to Spool, then click Spool Off. The spooled
input and output are not written to the file until the spooler is turned off.
d. Open the file you saved in Notepad and check that it contains the commands of
the query and the results.
4. One of the immediate tasks we need to do before you start is to identify if there are
any unnecessary objects on your workspace that may be taking up disk space.
Therefore, once you have succeeded in signing on, use the following command to list
the objects in your ORACLE workspace:
SELECT OBJECT_NAME, OBJECT_TYPE
FROM USER_OBJECTS;
This command will produce a list of the objects (e.g. tables, views, etc.) that are
currently in your workspace.
(Note: It is possible that there are no objects currently on your workspace. In
that case, the above select statement will indicate no rows returned.)
5. The following table represents information on sales representatives for Premiere
Products, and contains the following data fields for sales representatives:
sales representative’s number (SLSRNUMB),
sales representative’s name (SLSRNAME),
sales representative’s address (SLSADDR),
total commission paid to the sales representative (TOTCOMM), and
sales representative’s commission rate (COMMRATE).
Sales Representative
SLSRNUMB
SLSRNAME
SLSRADDR
TOTCOMM COMMRATE
3 MARY JONES
123 MAIN, GRANT, MI
2150.00
0.05
6 WILLIAM SMITH 102 RAYMOND, ADA, MI
4912.00
0.07
12 SAM BROWN
419 HARPER, LANSING, MI
2150.00
0.05
6. Using a text editor such as notepad, create the following ORACLE command file to
create the table. Save the file as SREP.SQL on your diskette. (Note: Be careful
when saving to indicate the “all files” file type, and put double quotes around the file
name so that Windows will not put an additional .txt extension on your file name.)
create table SALESREP (
slsrnumb number,
slsrname varchar2(25) not null,
slsraddr varchar2(25) not null,
totcomm number(6,2),
commrate number(2,2));
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COSC 2307 Database Management Systems (ORACLE)
7. Return to ORACLE, and when you get the SQL> prompt, run the ORACLE script file
created in 4 above by typing the following:
start a:\srep.sql;
Note: if you are running the file from another location then specify the path where
the file is stored
This will create a table, give you a message to that effect, and return to the SQL>
prompt. As you type a statement and press enter, a line number will appear at the left.
When you have typed in all the command and have pressed enter, a blank line number
will appear. simply type another enter and the SQL> prompt will reappear. To run the
command, type run or / and press enter.
To see what you have created, i.e. the structure of the table, type the following
command:
describe salesrep;
8. You have now created your first ORACLE table. We now need to enter some data
into that table. To do so, type the following command at the SQL> prompt:
insert into salesrep values (3,'Mary Jones','123 Main, Grant, MI',2150.00,0.05);
9. Then, enter more data into the table by typing the following command. (You can
create a *.sql (* is for any file name) file in Notepad and start it as described in 2 and
3 above.) Don’t be afraid to use edit copy - edit paste to lighten the typing load.
(Yes, the row for Mary Jones was meant to be repeated!)
insert into salesrep values (3,'Mary Jones','123 Main, Grant, MI',2150.00,0.05);
insert into salesrep values (6,'William Smith','102 Raymond, Ada, MI',4912.00,0.07);
insert into salesrep values (12,'Sam Brown','419 Harper, Lansing, MI',2150.00,0.05);
10. You have now entered data into your table. To see the data, type the following
command. Again, as for any command, type it in, press enter, and at the blank line
press enter again to get the SQL> prompt. Then type run or / to execute the command
select slsrnumb,slsrname,slsraddr,totcomm,commrate from salesrep;
11. Now, type the following command and compare the results from this command with
that in the above command (8).
select * from salesrep;
12. To delete the two rows for Mary Jones, type in and execute (by pressing enter) the
following command:
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delete from salesrep where slsrnumb = 3;
13. Again look at the date to see if your command was successful by repeating the
command used in 9 above.
14. Assume that the commission rate for Sam Brown was entered incorrectly, and should
be changed to 0.06. Use the following command to update the commission rate field
for Sam Brown:
update salesrep set commrate = 0.06 where slsrnumb = 12;
15. You have now created a table, inserted data, updated data within a field, and deleted a
record or row on the table. These are some of the fundamental operations to be done
with a table, and we will be practising these in detail with the various variations over
the next few weeks.
16. The only operation that might be of further practical use is that of removing, or
dropping a table. To illustrate, create a table with the following command:
create table TEMP (
order_no number,
order_description varchar2(25) not null
);
Then, use the describe command to make sure it is properly created.
Finally, execute the following command to drop the table from your workspace:
drop table TEMP;
You have now dropped the temporary table you have just created, and it no longer
exists in your workspace.
17. Practise your newfound skills by creating and loading the following tables. Please
help me in assisting you to debug your statements by using the table names and
column names exactly as shown below. Give the field definitions sizes that would
appear reasonable based on the data below.
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************************************************************************
Customer
CUSTNUMB
124
256
311
315
405
412
522
567
587
622
CUSTNAME
SALLY ADAMS
ANN SAMUELS
DON CHARLES
TOM DANIELS
AL WILLIAMS
SALLY ADAMS
MARY NELSON
JOE BAKER
JUDY ROBERTS
DAN MARTIN
ADDRESS
BALANCE CREDLIM SLSRNUMB
481 OAK, LANSING, MI
418.75
500
3
215 PETE, GRANT, MI
10.75
800
6
48 COLLEGE, IRA, MI
200.10
300
12
914 CHERRY, KENT, MI
320.75
300
6
519 WATSON, GRANT, MI
201.75
800
12
16 ELM, LANSING, MI
908.75
1000
3
108 PINE, ADA, MI
49.50
800
12
808 RIDGE, HARPER, MI
201.20
300
6
512 PINE, ADA, MI
57.75
500
6
419 CHIP, GRANT, MI
575.50
500
3
Order Detail
ORDNUMB
12489
12491
12491
12494
12495
12498
12498
12500
12504
PARTNUMB NUMBORD QUOTPRIC
AX12
11
14.95
BT04
1
402.99
BZ66
1
311.95
CB03
4
175.00
CX11
2
57.95
AZ52
2
22.95
BA74
4
4.95
BT04
1
402.99
CZ81
2
108.99
Parts
PARTNUMB
AX12
AZ52
BA74
BH22
BT04
BZ66
CA14
CB03
CX11
CZ81
PARTDESC
IRON
SKATES
BASEBALL
TOASTER
STOVE
WASHER
SKILLET
BIKE
MIXER
WEIGHTS
UNONHAND ITEMCLSS
104 HW
20 SG
40 SG
95 HW
11 AP
52 AP
2 HW
44 SG
112 HW
208 SG
WREHSNM UNITPRCE
3
17.95
2
24.95
1
4.95
3
34.95
2
402.99
3
311.95
3
19.95
1
187.5
3
57.95
2
108.99
Orders
ORDNUMB
12489
12491
12494
12495
12498
12500
12504
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CUSTNO
124
311
315
256
522
124
522
ORDDTE
01-MAR-98
10-MAR-98
31-MAR-98
15-APR-98
16-APR-98
21-APR-98
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COSC 2307 Database Management Systems (ORACLE)
18. The following sections are meant to illustrate the select, from, where, and order by
clauses. Using the customer table you have just created, type in the following
commands, and in each case look at the output from each and compare the results:
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where credlim = 500;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where credlim = 500 order by
custnumb;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where credlim = 500 order by
custname;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where credlim = 500 order by
custnumb, custname;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where credlim = 500 order by
custnumb desc, custname;
19. The following commands illustrate logical tests. Type in the following commands,
and in each case look at the output from each and compare the results:
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where balance > 300;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where custname > ‘D’;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where custname like
‘ADAM%’;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where custname like ‘_ _N%’;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where custname like
‘%A%A%’;
select custnumb, custname, address, balance from customer where custname like
‘%A%I%’;
20. The following commands illustrate null and not null clauses. Using your new-found
knowledge, create the following table called MARKS:
Student
Test1
Test2
Test3
varchar2(15)
number
number
number
Enter the following data into the table:
Student
Test #1
Mike Harris
75
Jean Chretien
80
Lucien Bouchard
70
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Test #2
65
65
Test #3
70
60
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COSC 2307 Database Management Systems (ORACLE)
Enter the following commands, and compare the results:
select student, test1, test2, test3 from marks where test2 is null;
select student, test1, test2, test3 from marks where test2 is not null;
21. The following commands illustrate the logical test of values. Using the part table,
enter the following commands, and compare the results:
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where itemclss not in
(‘HW’, ‘SG’);
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce where itemclss in (‘HW’, ‘SG’);
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where unitprce
between 100.00 and 400.00;
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where itemclss = ‘HW’
and unitprce > 30.00;
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where itemclss = ‘HW’
or unitprce > 30.00;
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where itemclss = ‘HW’
and intprce between 19.00 and 30.00;
22. The following commands illustrate the combining of commands using and or or.
Using the part table, enter the following commands, and compare the results:
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where itemclss = ‘HW’
or itemclss = ‘SG’ and unitprce > 50.00;
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where itemclss = ‘HW’
and unitprce > 50.00 or itemclss = ‘SG’;
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where unitprce > 50.00
and itemclss = ‘HW’ or itemclss = ‘SG’;
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where unitprce > 50.00
and (itemclss = ‘HW’ or itemclss = ‘SG’);
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprce from parts where (itemclss = ‘HW’
or itemclss = ‘SG’) and unitprce > 50.00;
23. The following commands illustrate the use of subqueries. Using the customer table,
enter the following commands and compare the results.
select custnumb from customer where custname = ‘MARY NELSON;
select custnumb from customer where slsrnumb = 12;
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select custnumb from customer where slsrnumb = (select custnumb from customer where
custname = ‘MARY NELSON’);
select * from customer where custname = (select custname from customer where slsrnumb =
3);
24. The following commands illustrate the combining of tables. Use the order and order
detail tables to do the following command:
select orders.ordnumb, orders.orddte, order_detail.partnumb, order_detail.numbord,
order_detail.quotpric from orders, order_detail
select orders.ordnumb, orders.orddte, order_detail.partnumb, order_detail.numbord,
order_detail.quotpric from orders, order_detail where orders.ordnumb > 12500 order by
orders.ordnumb
25. The following commands illustrate the creation of a view. Use the part table to do the
following command:
create view hardware as select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand, wrehsnm, unitprice from
part where itemclss = ‘HW’;
select partnumb, partdesc, unonhand from hardware;
Congratulations!! You have just run your first ORACLE programs. The rest is easy?
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