NOTES: PERIODIC TABLE DEVELOPMENT
Objective: Describe the history and development of the periodic table and identify the current
method of organization
Come up with a list of 20 food items…
If you were making a chart where each of these food items is logically organized, how would
you build this chart? Build an example chart…
Chemists did the same thing with the elements that had been discovered. Chemists wanted to
organize a chart that displayed the elements in a logical way. By 1870, we had discovered about
70 elements, and chemists were overwhelmed with learning the properties of so many new
elements. They wanted to organize the elements in a way that would help them remember the
properties of elements.
I.
JOHN NEWLANDS
- Arranged the elements by _______________________________
- Properties of elements repeat every eighth element (elements 1 and 9 would have
similar properties)
- 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
- Called ______________
- Periodic:
II.
MENDELEEV
- Like Newlands, arranged by atomic mass
- Put elements with similar properties into columns together
- Arranged a periodic table:
-
Left spaces in table for _________________________
Correctly predicted ___________________________
Widely accepted by scientists for many years
III.
TODAY’S PERIODIC TABLE:
Moseley
- Mendeleev’s table was not completely correct
- What happened to improve Mendeleev’s model?
-
NEW table: arranged by INCREASING ______________
What is the atomic number equal to in the periodic table?
-
PERIODIC LAW:
-
Each vertical GROUP of the periodic table shares similar chemical properties
List three elements that share chemical properties with each of the following elements:
1. Barium
2. Bromine
3. Gold
How are the electron configurations for elements in a group similar?
Homework for section 6-1 PART 1: Come up with four potential quiz questions covering the
material we went over in class today. You must use at least two types of questions. Your options
are multiple choice, open response, or fill in the blank. Provide the answer to each question.
The Modern Periodic Table
Objective: Label important groups on the periodic table and identify the position of various
categories of elements
Horizontal Rows: PERIODS
- Total of ___________ periods
Columns: GROUPS
- There is a total of _________ groups
- Two methods of labeling groups:
- 1.
- 2.
Representative Elements:
- Groups __________________________
- Why are they called representative elements?
Transition Elements:
- Groups ______________________
- All metals
Metals:
- On ___________side of staircase in periodic table
- Properties:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Groups of Metals:
- Alkali Metals: ________________
- Hydrogen is the exception (NOT a metal)
- Properties:
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
- Alkaline Earth Metals: _______________
- Properties
- 1.
- 2.
- Inner Transition Metals: ___________________________
- Called the Lanthanide (1st period) and Actinide (2nd period) series
Nonmetals:
-
Located to the ______________ of the staircase
Properties:
1.
2.
Halogens: ___________
Properties:
1.
2.
Noble Gases: _______________
Properties:
Metalloids:
-
Located _________ the staircase
Have properties of ______________________
PRACTICE PROBLEMS:
1. Identify the following elements as transition metals, inner transition metals, or
representative elements.
a. Copper
b. Ac
c. Mercury
d. Br
e. Rubidium
f. Promethium (Pm)
2. Identify the following elements as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids
a. Chlorine
b. Sodium
c. Calcium
d. Xenon
e. Antimony
f. Germanium
g. Promethium
h. Carbon
i. Sulfur
3. Identify the group name of the following elements (i.e. alkali metals, alkaline earth
metals, halogens, noble gas)
a. Ar
b. Rb
c. Mg
d. Ba
e. I
f. F
Section 6.1: Homework
1. Compare and contrast the characteristics of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids:
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloids
2. What types of elements does the “staircase” on the periodic table separate?
3. Describe the properties of the alkali earth metals:
4. Describe the properties of the halogens:
5. Describe the properties of the noble gases:
6. On the attached periodic table…
1. Identify the REPRESENTATIVE elements by CIRCLING their group numbers
2. Identify the INNER TRANSITION METALS with an arrow pointing to their
periods
3. Identify the TRANSITION METALS with an arrow pointing to their groups
4. HIGHLIGHT the staircase with your pen or a different color
5. COLOR the metals one color, the nonmetals another color, and the metalloids a
third color. Be sure to include a key so I know which color corresponds to which
category.
6. LABEL the alkali metals, the alkaline earth metals, the halogens, and the noble
gases
7. Circle the elements that are liquids at room temperature