Name: _______________________________________________________________________ Date: _______________________ PD: __________
Genetics – Ms. Mullin
Chapter 1 – Overview of Genetics – Vocabulary Crossword
gene
cell
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
genome
bioethics
DNA microarray
Genetic counselor
gene expression
ribonucleic acid
RNA
proteomics
RNA interference
allele
mutation
polymorphism
single nucleotide
polymorphisms
chromosome
autosome
sex chromosome
karyotype
differentiation
stem cells
genotype
phenotype
dominant
recessive
gene pool
Mendelian trait
Multifactorial trait
Genetic determination
Absolute risk
Relative risk
Risk factor
Empiric risk
DNA profiling
Gene therapy
biotechnology
pedigree
borrelia burgdorferi
brucella suis
campylobacter jejuni
enterococcus faecalis
mycobacterium tuberculosis
neisseria meningitides
treponema pallidum
yersinia pestis
plasmodium falciparum
toxoplasma gondii
transgenic organism
Across
3. the genetic material; the biochemical that forms genes
4. a trait that a single gene specifies
5. a bacterial pathogen that causes urinary tract, wound, intestinal, and heart infections
6. a bacterial pathogen that causes the plague
8. probability that a trait will recur based upon its incidence in a particular population
9. a new field of the study of science that considers the proteins made in a particular cell type
10. a nucleic acid whose bases are U, A, C, and G
12. the probability that an individual will develop a particular condition, based on family history and/or test results
13. a natural process that destroys specific mRNA molecules using small interfering RNAs that result from transcribing
14. replacing a malfunctioning gene to alleviate symptoms
16. cells that give rise to other stem cells that retain the potential to differentiate (specialize) further, as well as to cells that differentiate
17. a gene variant expressed when present in even one copy
18. a non-sex-determining chromosome; a human cell has 22 pairs
20. the fundamental unit of life
21. the alteration of cells or biochemicals with a specific application
23. the allele combinations in an individual that cause particular traits or disorders
24. abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid
27. the expression of a gene in traits or symptoms
28. a trait or illness determined by several genes and the environment
30. an alternate form of a gene
31. a DNA base or sequence at a certain chromosomal locus that varies in at least 1% of individuals in a population
33. all the genetic material in the cells of a particular type of organism
34. a structure within a cell's nucleus that carries genes; consists of a continuous molecule of DNA and proteins wrapped around it
35. also called a DNA chip; a set of target genes embedded in a glass chip, to which labeled cDNAs from a sample bind and fluoresce
37. an organism that harbors a gene or genes from a different species
39. a bacterial pathogen that causes meningitis and septicemia
40. abbreviation for ribonucleic acid
41. an allele whose expression is masked by another allele
42. a bacterial pathogen that causes lyme disease
43. a diagram used to follow inheritance of a trait in a family
44. a bacterial pathogen that causes a fever and infertility in other animals
46. probability that an individual from a population will develop a particular condition in comparison to another group
47. a sequence of DNA that instructs a cell to produce a particular protein
48. the study of the functions and interactions of many genes at a time
49. a field of study that analyzes personal issues that arise from the application of biological information
50. a bacterial pathogen that causes food poisoning
51. a bacterial pathogen that causes tuberculosis
Down
1. the idea that the environment cannot modify expression of an inherited trait
2. single base sites that differ among individuals; a SNP is present in at least 1% of a population
7. transcription of a gene and translation of the mRNA transcript into protein; on a genome level, the pattern of transcribed genes in a cell
11. a medical specialist that calculates the risk of recurrence of inherited disorders in families by applying the inheritance to pedigrees
15. the process by which cells develop distinctive characteristics, reflecting the expression of particular subsets of genes
19. a nonbacterial pathogen that causes birth defects and the opportunistic infection in AIDS
22. all the genes in a population
25. a change in a protein-encoding gene that has an effect on the phenotype
26. a nonbacterial pathogen that causes malaria
29. a bacterial pathogen that causes syphilis
32. the approach of comparing of DNA sequences to establish or rule out identity, relationships, or ancestry
36. a chromosome containing genes that specify sex
38. a chart that displays chromosome pairs in size order
45. a characteristic associated with increased likelihood of developing a particular medical condition